1,720,966 research outputs found
Complementary Strategy of Maternal Immunization with RSVpreF Vaccine and Monoclonal Antibodies for the Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Among Italian Infants: A Cost-Effectiveness Assessment
No full textIntroduction: Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a leading cause of severe lower respiratory tract infections and is one of the primary causes of hospitalization in high income countries and death among children aged ≤ 1 year in lower income countries where the healthcare systems not always have the resources to provide appropriate intensive care to all infants with severe RSV infection. On the basis of the results of a large programme of clinical trials, the European Medicine Agency has recently approved a Bivalent Stabilized Prefusion F Subunit Vaccine (RSVpreFV) for maternal immunization, with a year-round administration between 24–36 weeks of gestation. The objective of the study is providing an estimation of the efficiency of complementary strategy RSVpreF and monoclonal antibodies for the prevention of RSV among Italian infants. Methods: Using a model (with a cohort framework and a Markov-type process) specifically adapted to the Italian context, the study provided cost-effectiveness and cost-utility assessment of prevention strategies adding the maternal vaccination to the existing immunization opportunities with palivizumab or nirsevimab administered to high risk and unprotected infants. Results: The complementary strategy RSVpreFV plus palivizumab demonstrates significative health benefits versus palivizumab alone: it would reduce annual hospitalizations by 4097 cases (−25.8%), Emergency Department (ED) admissions not followed by hospitalization by 534 (−18.8%), with 25 years of life recovered, and an increase of 90 Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs). The strategy results cost-saving: the complementary strategy saves € 6.0 mil and € 8.4 mil per year in the NHS and in the Societal perspective, respectively; the complementary strategies of maternal vaccination plus nirsevimab also prove to have significant benefits versus the monoclonal antibody alone, providing a decrease equal to 941 annual hospitalizations (−9.0%), 6 years of life recovered, and an increase of 20 QALYs. The strategy saves € 2.6 mil and € 3.1 mil per year in the NHS and in the Societal perspective, respectively. Conclusions: RSV is a leading cause of severe lower respiratory tract infections and is one of the primary causes of hospitalization in high income countries and death among children aged ≤ 1 year in lower income; bivalent Stabilized Prefusion F Subunit Vaccine (RSVpreFV) for maternal immunization proves to be effective in preventing RSV infections, avoiding severe disease. The modelling exercise shows that the complementary strategy of maternal vaccination with palivizumab or nirsevimab are both dominant (better health outcomes with lower costs) on monoclonal antibodies alone; the sensitivity analysis confirms that the complementary strategies in most of the simulation remain dominant or cost-effective adopting a low threshold for the willingness to pay; finally the complementary strategies are also sustainable, owing to a limited impact on the current national budget for vaccines
Acute treatment of migraine: quantifying the unmet need through real-world data in Italy
Full text linkObjective: This study is describing subjects with migraine interrupting or not receiving triptans for acute treatment and providing a national-level estimate of people who might benefit from different therapeutic approaches. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis using IQVIA Longitudinal Patient Database. Starting from 18 + years old individuals with migraine, we selected two cohorts: subjects with triptans prescriptions before and no triptans prescriptions after Index Date (triptan withdraw) and subjects without triptans prescriptions both before and after Index Date (no triptan prescriptions). Index Date was the first record of a health encounter for migraine in 2019. Individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) within no triptan prescriptions group were also quantified. Results: Triptan withdraw and no triptan prescriptions cohorts numbered 605 and 3270, respectively, 5% and 29% of subjects with migraine. Mean age was 47 and 51 years respectively; women were more represented (~ 80%). Hypertension and thyroid disease were most frequent comorbidities; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were among most frequently recorded treatments. Subjects with CVD within no triptan prescriptions cohort were 621 and with triptan withdraw cohort subjects represented the basis to estimate those who might benefit from alternative options for the acute treatment of migraine, who were around 60,000 and accounted for 11% of subjects seeking primary care due to migraine. Conclusions: This analysis provides a real-word estimate of Italian people that might benefit from different therapeutic approaches as an alternative to triptans, which sometimes might be not effective and/or poorly tolerated. Such estimate should be intended as the lower limit of a wider range due to strict criteria adopted
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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