1,720,962 research outputs found
L'attendibilità delle misure osservative in psicologia clinica dello sviluppo
No full textSystematic observation of behavior is a technique widespread in development clinical psychology. However, the issues concerning a reliable coding are barely described in a clear and systematic way. This contribution proposes a review that, without neglecting the corrected psychometrics bases, organizes the traditional knowledge and on it built an up-to-date and critical picture of the state of art on the observer reliability. Along with the reference concepts (agreement, calibration, reliability, precision, stability, accuracy, etc.), it treats the main coefficients proposed in the literature i first of all the Cohen's K i and show their advantages and limitations
The implicit and explicit attitudes predict electoral decision-making in 2008 italian political campaign
No full textThis contribution applies the social judgment based on warmth and competence in the Italian political context (2008 electoral campaign; N = 625), by integrating insights coming from the literature on the Big Two and on the dual cognition theories. It aims at identifying how the evaluations toward leaders and parties (in terms of assigned warmth and competence, and ingroup/outgroup perception) predict the electoral decision-making. Furthermore, we test the hypothesis that the evaluations of the opposite party (group) and leader (group member) differ. The results are discussed considering the relationship between the Big Two and the following social evaluations and behaviors, in terms of intergroup competition and dual cognitive processes, the peculiar Italian political context and its increasing level of political personalization
Child abuse and neglect in ambiti istituzionali che coinvolgono gruppi di autori e vittime. Riflessioni e contributi sui problemi relativi alla valutazione della idoneità a testimoniare
Full text linkExpert and clinical experiences, literature, concerning the assessment of the suitability of minors involved in "collective" abuses, or who have simultaneously seen the presence of multiple perpetrators and/or victims, highlights a certain lack of scientific studies, reflections and contributions, specifically oriented on this sample of subjects. The overwhelming majority of technical, methodological and scientific considerations and observations aimed at evaluating the suitability of this particular population to testify, can therefore only be based - again - on studies, experien-ces and contributions of method and doctrine relating to the theme of the evaluation of suitability to testify of the individual victim. On the contrary, the cases of abuse in which a significant num-ber of minors are involved, often not bound by any kinship and which can be placed in institutional or group contexts. These cases present aspects, contents, profiles, phenomenologies, behaviors of the protagonists (authors, victims, witnesses and their families, institutions and groups in which they are inserted), completely different from cases in which individual subjects are involved, and above all, and it is the at the heart of our work, they require methods of listening, intervention, management and implementation of investigative and expert activities that are very different from the cases involving individual minors, or small groups of minors as victims and witnesses
Valutazione, gestione, intervento e trattamento di urgenze/emergenze e degli agiti auto ed eteroaggressivi. Una esperienza di didattica integrata in criminologia con l’apporto di istituzioni diverse
Full text linkStarting from an experience of training in the field, declined differently from the usual didactic canons, implemented with the collaboration and integration of different subjects, (University and Arma dei Carabinieri), and addressed to students of a degree course in clinical psychology, the The authors report the need for profound and radical changes in the educational profiles and in the educational organization for psychologists as well as for all socio-health and educational professions. In this case, the focus of reflection and intervention concerned the evaluation, analysis and interventions related to the management of aggressive actions towards health workers. The centrality of Criminology as a science and discipline that can offer the methodological and technical basis and also in terms of content, for the forensic part of the aforementioned socio / health and educational disciplines is reiterated.A partire da una esperienza di formazione sul campo, declinata diversamente dagli usali canoni didattici, attuata con la collaborazione e la integrazione di soggetti diversi (Università e Arma dei Cara-binieri), e rivolta a studenti di un corso di laurea in psicologia clinica, gli autori segnalano la necessità di profondi e radicali cambiamenti nei profili formativi e nella organizzazione didattica per gli Psicologi, come per le tutte le professioni socio/sanitarie ed educative. In questo caso, il centro della riflessione e dell’intervento ha riguardato la valutazione, l’analisi e gli interventi relativi alla gestione degli agiti aggressivi nei confronti di operatori sanitari. Viene ribadita la centralità della Criminologia come scienza e disciplina che può offrire il basamento metodologico e tecnico ed anche a livello di contenuti, per la parte forense delle discipline socio/sanitarie ed educative succitate
The assessment of the level and of the intellectual qualities at the expert level. The contribution of two psychodiagnostic tools: the Wechsler scales and the Raven matrices
Full text linkThe measurement and evaluation of that set of cognitive functions that go under the name of intelligence, as well as the study and collection of data on human performance, in order to reach conclusions about the functioning of subjects suspected of presenting neurological disorders or psychiatrists, they pose different and complex problems when they are carried out in the psychological and psychiatric forensic field.The centrality of the clinical-forensic investigations must be placed on the functioning of the subject and not so much on the nosographic and classification aspects. Much will also depend on the constructs and concepts of intelligence and intellectual functioning to be referred to.The mental efficiency reagents of the Wechsler scales and of the Raven test, if well used, in the forensic context, represent different and excellent psychodiagnostic tools, which contribute to measure differently intelligence of a subject, minor or adult and also any damage or limitations from which it is characterized. In the present work it comes in terms of limits and potential
Italian general elections of 2006 and 2008: Testing the direct and indirect impact of implicit and explicit attitudes on voting behaviour
No full textTwo studies were conducted during the Italian General Elections of 2006 (N = 179) and 2008 (N = 607), to investigate the relationships among implicit and explicit attitudes, voting intention and voting behaviour. Several structural equation models that included direct and indirect effect of implicit and explicit attitudes toward political objects (coalitions and leaders) on voting intention and behaviour were executed to test a prediction model of political preferences and voting behaviour. Notwithstanding some differences, the results of the two studies showed that (i) the implicit evaluations of political objects are more differentiated than the explicit ones; (ii) that implicit attitudes contribute in a specific and additive way to determine the voting intention and behaviour, and (iii) that the effect of the implicit attitude is also mediated by the explicit attitudes. Findings are discussed in the frame of dual cognition models and in the light of the peculiar political scenarios of the considered electoral process
Detecting faking good in military enlistment procedure according to a new index for the MMPI-2
Full text linkIn forensic contexts, reverse malingering and faking good are no rare observations. Continuing a previous study in which the authors had drawn up an index to detect faking good in forensic contexts (FEDI), based on the MMPI-2 scales, the pre- sent work proposes an index to be used in military enlistment procedures, which has been denominated as the Military En- listment Dissimulation Index (MEDI).The work describes two consecutive studies: in the first study a group of candidates for military enlistment was selected in order to discriminate the MMPI-2 variables at the highest risk of faking and thereby build the MEDI index. In the second study the MEDI index was validated on two different cohorts of candidates for enli- stment, applying the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve for comparisons with a control group.The perfor- mance of MEDI in discriminating enlistment candidates from the volunteer respondents resulted satisfactory in terms of diagnostic accuracy (Cohort 1: Area Under Curve = .79, Standard Error = .03, Sensibility = .85, Specificity = .78; Cohort 2: Area Under Curve = .79, Standard Error = .03, Sensibility = .82, Specificity = .70)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
- …
