100,670 research outputs found
Accelerated method for the optimization of quadratic image filter
No full textQuadratic image filter involves the second-order multiplications of an input image mask in addition to linear terms, and determining the weights of the quadratic filter using optimization methods requires intense computational power due to the cost of the resulting fitness function. A graphics processing unit (GPU)-based algorithm is proposed to determine quadratic image filter weights using genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimization methods. Since the most time consuming part of determining the mask weights using heuristic algorithms is the fitness computation process, the fitness computation process is designed to work on the GPU, and a significant acceleration is achieved. For this purpose, different designs such as direct method and population-based method have been developed within the GPU to minimize training time. According to experimental results, the proposed methods provide significant accelerations over sequential implementation. The first method computes the fitness function for each population member separately, and it produces about 43 times acceleration over the sequential implementation. The second method developed is based on the complete evaluation of the population, and it produces about 151 times acceleration over the sequential implementation. (C) 2019 SPIE and IS&
An evaluation of the effect of plastic bag fee on consumer behavior: Case of Turkey
No full textThe purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the plastic bag fee (that was implemented in Turkey recently) on the consumer behavior. For this purpose, a face-to-face consumer survey with 821 respondents was conducted in Istanbul. A paired sample t-test was carried out in order to compare consumers' average frequency of using plastic bags, bringing their own bags for shopping, using plastic bags obtained in shopping for domestic waste and purchasing bin bags for domestic waste before/after the implementation of the policy of charging for plastic bags. Two different multiple regression analyses were carried out to determine which factors affect the change in plastic bag demand by the consumers for when the plastic bags were free of charge and for when they were paid. The results suggest that there has been a statistically significant change in consumers' behaviors towards using plastic bags in shopping and the means of keeping domestic waste. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Bozkırda Devrim: Türkistan'da Sovyet İktidarı
No full textBOZKIRDA DEVRİM: TÜRKİSTAN’DA SOVYET İKTİDARI
Çalışmamız, 100. yılını geride bırakan Ekim Devrimi sürecine (Şubat-Ekim süreci, iç-savaş ve ilk inşa yılları) ilişkin iki önemli mite açıklık getirme iddiasındadır: Bunlardan ilki devrimin münhasıran Bolşevik kadroların eseri olduğu yönündeki abartılı ve örneğin Türkistan coğrafyasında pek de karşılığı olmayan resmi Sovyet tezidir. İkinci yaygın mit ise Türkistan halkları ile Bolşeviklerin uzlaşmaz iki kutbu temsil ettikleri ve Bolşevik Partisi’nin bölgeyi zor yoluyla kontrol altına aldığı savıdır: Müslüman bölge halklarının devrime yabancı ve mesafeli olduğu şeklinde soğuk savaş döneminde inşa edilmiş ve gerçekten hayli uzak bu anlatı da çalışmanın ortaya koyduğu tablo karşısında kadük hale gelecektir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Ekim Devrimi, Türkistan, Cedidizm, Sovyetler, Orta Asy
Letter, [Author unclear] to Paulina T. Merritt
No full textHandwritten letter to Paulina Merritt from an unknown author, October 1, 1876.
Yön-Devrim Hareketi: Do an Avc o lu dü üncesi ekseninde ideolojik bir çözümleme
No full textYDH, Yön ve Devrim yay nlar n n etraf ndaki ayd nlar n ideolojik-politik görü lerini tan mlar. Siyasi e ilim olarak olu umu süreci, DP (Demokrat Parti) dönemi sürecinde DP'ye kar olu an muhalefet blo u içerisinde tan an ayd nlar n birle mesine denk dü mü tür. Bu ayd nlara göre, Türkiye'nin sorunlar iktisadi düzlemde çözümlenmelidir. 20 Aral k 1961 tarihinde Yön dergisi, bu dü ünce birli inden do du ancak 30 Haziran 1967'de kapand . Ayn ideolojik çizgiyi ta maya devam etmek amac yla Devrim gazetesi 21 Ekim 1969 tarihinde kuruldu. Bu ba lamda YDH'nin ideolojik çizgisi Do an Avc o lu taraf ndan belirlendi. YDH, siyasal tezlerini tarihsel referanslar üzerine in a etti. Avc o lu, 1838 Balta Liman antla mas ile Osmanl 'n n bir sömürge ülkesi haline getirildi ini ve kapitalistle emedi i görü ündeydiler. Sömürgele meye kar geli en "milliyetçi" tepkiler anayasal düzlemde s n rl kalarak sürekli emperyalizmle yeniden uzla t . Kurtulu Sava ile beraber Atatürk anti-emperyalist mücadele yolunu açt ancak 1946'da çok partili hayata geçi ve 1950'de DP'nin iktidara gelmesi ile bu mücadele sekteye u rad . Kemalist devrim yar da kalm t r. YDH, Türkiye'de sosyalizm in as için Kemalist devrimin tamamlanmas n n gereklili ine inand . slamiyet, milliyetçilik gibi kavramlarla hesapla mas ile sosyalizmin teorik boyutu olu turulurken ayn zamanda iktidar stratejisi belirlendi. YDH'nin iktidar stratejisi, parlamentar ve devrimci kanatlardan olu tu. Parlamentar kanat, Fabianc l and r r ekilde nönü ve Ecevit'in ilerici reformlara ikna edilmesi üzerinden ilerledi. Devrimci kanat ise, anti-emperyalist ve anti-feodal devrimi gerçekle tirmeyi amaçlayarak Milli Cephe, Milli Demokratik Devrim (MDD) ve Ulusal Kurtulu Devrimi söylemleri üzerinden in a edildi. Amaçlar , zinde kuvvetler olarak tan mlanan kuvvetlerin, ilerici bir ihtilal ile yönetime el koyarak az geli mi li i Yeni Devletçilik politikalar ile yok etmeler ve i çi s n f na d ar dan bilinç a layarak Sosyalist Devrim'e (SD) yöneltilmelerini sa lamakt
Handwritten biographical information on Paulina T. McClung Merritt
No full textA handwritten biography of Paulina T. McClung Merritt by an unknown author, 1892.
Heterogeneous and tissue-specific regulation of effector T cell responses by IFN-gamma during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection.
No full textIFN-γ and T cells are both required for the development of experimental cerebral malaria during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Surprisingly, however, the role of IFN-γ in shaping the effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response during this infection has not been examined in detail. To address this, we have compared the effector T cell responses in wild-type and IFN-γ(-/-) mice during P. berghei ANKA infection. The expansion of splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells during P. berghei ANKA infection was unaffected by the absence of IFN-γ, but the contraction phase of the T cell response was significantly attenuated. Splenic T cell activation and effector function were essentially normal in IFN-γ(-/-) mice; however, the migration to, and accumulation of, effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the lung, liver, and brain was altered in IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Interestingly, activation and accumulation of T cells in various nonlymphoid organs was differently affected by lack of IFN-γ, suggesting that IFN-γ influences T cell effector function to varying levels in different anatomical locations. Importantly, control of splenic T cell numbers during P. berghei ANKA infection depended on active IFN-γ-dependent environmental signals--leading to T cell apoptosis--rather than upon intrinsic alterations in T cell programming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to fully investigate the role of IFN-γ in modulating T cell function during P. berghei ANKA infection and reveals that IFN-γ is required for efficient contraction of the pool of activated T cells
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Pelevin’s Trinity in the novel “t”: author – protagonist – reader
No full textThe article attempts to interpret Pelevin's artistic strategy in the novel "T" by exploring its subject organization and addressing the key problems of the author, the protagonist, and the reader as they are seen by the researcher. The article analyzes the peculiarities of constructing the narrative reality in the novel "T", and goes on to discuss Pelevin's philosophic models of the development of the humankind, and the emergence of his new anthropology
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