1,720,959 research outputs found
Improvement of Hysterosalpingographic Accuracy in the Diagnosis of Peritubal Adhesions
No full textOBJECTIVE. Our purpose was to compare hysterosalpingography with laparoscopy in
the diagnosis of peritubal adhesions and to verify whether a combination of radiographic
signs improves hysterosalpingographic accuracy.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS. Thirty candidates for laparoscopy underwent hysterosalpingography
before surgery. Two radiologists evaluated the presence or absence and types of
radiographic signs of peritubal adhesions (convoluted tubes, vertical tubes, loculation of contrast
medium in peritoneum, halo effect, and fixed laterodeviation of the uterus) using two different
criteria for normality or abnormality: no sign means a normal result, one or more signs
mean an abnormal result (first criterion); no sign or one sign means a normal result, two or
more signs mean an abnormal result (second criterion). Interpretation discrepancies were resolved
by consensus. Peritubal and periovarian adhesions were evaluated by a single operating
surgeon during laparoscopy (recorded on S-VHS videotape) and by a different surgeon
reviewing the videotape. The radiographic results obtained using the two criteria in radiologically
patent as well as in distally nonpatent tubes were compared with corresponding laparoscopic
results by 2x 2 tables and were statistically analyzed (kappa statistics).
RESULTS. The first criterion displayed poor diagnostic accuracy. The correlation with
laparoscopy was not statistically significant in either radiologically patent or distally nonpatent
tubes. The second criterion greatly improved the agreement with laparoscopy, but only
in patent tubes (k = 0.7789; p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION. Hysterosalpingographic accuracy in peritubal adhesion diagnosis can be
improved in patent tubes by taking into account more than one of the reported radiographic signs
Adult medullary cystic disease of the kidney and pancreatic cystic disease: a new association.Scan J Urol Nephr 1999;33:422-424/IF=0.448
No full textA rare case of a woman with the adult form of medullary cystic disease associated with pancreatic cysts in pancreas divisum is described, which suggests that specific attention should be paid to computed tomography findings in the presence of pancreatic and renal cysts
The accuracy of voiding urosonography in detecting vesico-ureteral reflux: a summary of existing data.
No full textThe primary objective of this review was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of voiding urosonography (VUS) in detecting reflux (VUR). As a secondary objective, the reported technical suggestions and diagnostic mistakes were shown to improve the examination protocol and provide the most accurate results. Using a Medline Database search, the published articles comparing the grey-scale (GS) or colour-Doppler (CD) VUS with voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) as the gold standard were selected. Articles were excluded when data were not sufficient to construct 2x2 tables or when the gold standard was different from VCUG. For the analyses of diagnostic accuracy values, 95% confidence intervals were given. Agreements in the results of GSVUS and VCUG and in those of CDVUS and VCUG were determined by Kappa statistics. GSVUS and CDVUS were compared for diagnostic accuracy by the McNemar test. Results showed that the range of GSVUS sensitivity and specificity in detecting VUR was 69%-100% and 86%-97%, respectively. The agreement between GSVUS and VCUG diagnoses ranged from 90% to 97% (K score range 0.61-0.92; P<0.001). The range of CDVUS sensitivity and specificity in detecting VUR was 93%-100% and 86%-93%, respectively. The agreement between CDVUS and VCUG diagnoses ranged from 89% to 96% (K score range 0.77-0.91; P<0.001). One study comparing both VUS modalities with VCUG in the same group of patients, showed that the diagnostic accuracy of CDVUS was significantly higher than that of GSVUS (96% versus 90% of cases correctly classified; McNemar chi squared =4; P<0.05).
CONCLUSION:
the existing data indicate that false-negative voiding urosonographic diagnoses (8%-31%) and underestimated reflux grading cases using the same technique are related to anatomical conditions, patient cooperation and contrast medium administration. False-positive (3%-14%) and overestimated reflux grading cases using voiding urosonography could be correctly assessed cases. The intermittent nature of vesico-ureteral reflux is better detected by a technique employing a prolonged observation time, such as voiding urosonography. This might question the current role of voiding cystourethrography in the investigation of reflux
Fallopian tube disease: The cobbblestone pattern as a radiographic sign
No full textPURPOSE: To identify radiographic signs of mucosal damage by comparing hysterosalpingography with salpingoscopy in a prospective study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-one candidates for laparoscopy underwent hysterosalpingography and peroperative salpingoscopy; at both, tubal patency was noted. Radiographic criteria for mucosal abnormality were rounded filling defects (ie, the cobblestone pattern) and the absence of longitudinal radiolucent bands in the ampullary tract. At salpingoscopy, tubal mucosa was categorized by means of inspection into five classes of fold pattern: classes I and II, normal; classes III-V, abnormal. Hysterosalpingographic and salpingoscopic results were compared by means of a two-by-two table and κ statistics. RESULTS: Seventy-four tubes were evaluated. At hysterosalpingography, 31 tubes were distally nonpatent. Of these, 26 showed a distal obstruction at salpingoscopy. None of the patent tubes at hysterosalpingography showed obstruction at salpingoscopy. The agreement between hysterosalpingography and salpingoscopy in detecting abnormal mucosal pattern was 89.2% (κ, 0.73; P < .001). The cobblestone pattern always corresponded to intraluminal adhesions at salpingoscopy. The absence of radiolucent bands corresponded to abnormal mucosa at salpingoscopy in four of six cases. The cobblestone pattern was found only in hydrosalpinges and never in patent tubes. Six normal patent tubes at hysterosalpingography showed intraluminal adhesions at salpingoscopy. CONCLUSION: Results indicate that the cobblestone pattern is an effective radiographic sign of intraluminal adhesions in hydrosalpinges and suggest that intraluminal disease in patent tubes might not always be excluded on normal hysterosalpingograms
Contrast enhanced Gray-scale and Color-Doppler Voiding Urosonography vs. Voiding Cystourethrography in the diagnosis and grading of vesicoureteral reflux.JCU2001;29:65-71/IF=0.596
No full textPurpose. The purpose of this study was to
compare contrast-enhanced gray-scale voiding urosonography
(CE-VUS) and contrast-enhanced color
Doppler voiding urosonography (CE-CDVUS) with
voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) to verify whether
the use of color Doppler imaging improves the diagnosis
and grading of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR).
Methods. ln 74 patients, CE-VUS and CE-CDVUS
were compared with VCUG, which was used as the
gold standard. SHU 508 A (Levovist) was used as the
echo-enhancing contrast agent. VUR was diagnosed if
hyperechoic dots or color signals were visualized in
the ureter on sonograms. VUR grading was based on
morphologic and dynamic findings on CE-VUS and
morphologic and color findings on CE-CDVUS. VCUG
was performed conventionally, and grading by VCUG
was in accordance with the international system of
radiographic VUR grading. Patients who voided during
1 examination only (either CE-VUS and CE-CDVUS
or VCUG) were excluded from the study. Agreement
between the results of CE-VUS and VCUG and between
those of CE-CDVUS and VCUG in diagnosing
VUR was calculated by rc statistics. CE-VUS and CECDVUS
were compared for diagnostic accuracy by the
McNemar test.
Results. The agreement between CE-VUS and
Correspondence to: A. L. Valentini
@ 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
VOL. 29, NO, 2, FEBRUARY 2OO1
VCUG in predicting VUR was 90% (rc score,0.77; p <
0.001). The agreement between CE-CDVUS and VCUG
was 96% (rc score, 0.91; p < 0.001). CE-CDVUS showed
a significantly higher diagnostic accuracy than did CEVUS
(96% versus 90% of cases correctly classified;
McNemar X2 = 4; p < 0.05). This was mainly related to
the lower number of false-negative results for grade I
and grade ll VUR when CE-CDVUS was used.
Conclusions. The use of color Doppler imaging significantly
improves the accuracy of contrast voiding
urosonography in the detection and grading of VUR
Contrast-enhanced Voiding US for Grading of Reflux in Adult Patients Prior to Antireflux Ureteral Implantation1
No full textPURPOSE: To prospectively assess contrast material–enhanced voiding ultrasonography
(US) for grading of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and to compare results with
those of voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) in adult patients undergoing antireflux
ureteral implantation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-seven consecutive adult patients who had
undergone renal transplantation with Politano-Leadbetter (18 patients) or Lich-
Gregoire (19 patients) technique were included on the basis of previous urinary tract
infections (UTIs) and time elapsed after renal transplantation. Exclusion criterion was
current UTI. US was performed by one of two sonologists with injection of saline and
microbubble suspension and was recorded on videotape. Sonologists assigned VUR
diagnosis in consensus after videotape review. VCUG was performed by one of two
radiologists immediately after US. Radiologists were blinded to US findings and
assigned VCUG diagnoses in consensus. Contingency table was used to compare US
and VCUG. Agreement between US and VCUG was determined with statistics.
RESULTS: With VCUG, VUR was diagnosed in 15 patients and not diagnosed in 22
patients. US and VCUG results were in agreement in 14 patients with VUR and 21
patients without VUR. US sensitivity and specificity for detection of VUR were 93%
(14 true-positive results in 15 abnormal cases) and 95% (21 true-negative results in
22 normal cases), respectively. Agreement between US and VCUG was 95% (0.89,
P .001). In 11 of 14 patients, VUR grades were in agreement for US and VCUG. In
three of 14 patients, US indicated a higher grade than did VCUG. VUR was diagnosed
in seven of 18 Politano-Leadbetter cases and eight of 19 Lich-Gregoire cases.
CONCLUSION: A high rate of agreement was seen between voiding US and VCUG
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
- …
