1,721,163 research outputs found
Staminate inflorescences with in situ pollen from Eocene Baltic amber reveal high diversity in Fagaceae (oak family)
No full textEocene Baltic amber forms the largest amber deposit worldwide; however, its source vegetation and climateare much debated. Representatives of the oak family (Fagaceae) were abundant in the Baltic amber source areabased on numerous inclusions of staminate inflorescences or individual florets, previously assigned to Castanea andQuercus. However, the actual generic and infrageneric diversity of Fagaceae from Baltic amber remained unknown.Using flower characteristics and section-diagnostic in situ pollen of staminate inflorescences and detached floret inclusions,we describe 18 fossil-species of Fagaceae making this family by far the most diverse plant family preservedin Baltic amber. We substantiate the occurrence of the Castaneoideae, Quercoideae (Quercus sect. Cyclobalanopsis/ Lobatae; Q. sect. Lobatae; Q. sect. Protobalanus), Trigonobalanoideae and the extinct genus Eotrigonobalanus.Among the 18 fossil-species, six are described as new: Q. aimeeana, Q. casparyi, Q. multipilosa, E. campanulata,E. conwentzii, E. longianthera; and one new combination is published: Q. brachyandra (≡ Castanea brachyandra).In addition, a lectotype is designated for the name Quercites meyerianus and neotypes are designated for the namesCastanea inclusa and Quercus longistaminea (≡ C. longistaminea). Members of the Fagaceae probably inhabitedazonal and zonal vegetation types of the amber source area, including bottomland flood-plains and stream banks(Q. sect. Lobatae), dry habitats (Q. sect. Lobatae, Q. sect. Protobalanus), peaty soils, riparian and swamp forests(Castanopsis, Eotrigonobalanus), as well as mixed mesophytic forests (castaneoids, Quercoideae, trigonobalanoids).Affinities to extant North American and E to SE Asian floras support the recent notion that late Eocene Baltic amber(38 – 34 Ma) was formed in a warm-temperate climate.</p
The Late Early Pleistocene Flora Of Oriolo, Faenza (Italy): Assembly Of The Modern Forest Biome
No full textDenk, Thomas, Sami, Marco, Teodoridis, Vasilis, Martinetto, Edoardo (2022): The Late Early Pleistocene Flora Of Oriolo, Faenza (Italy): Assembly Of The Modern Forest Biome. Fossil Imprint 78 (1): 217-262, DOI: 10.37520/fi.2022.009, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/fi.2022.00
Synchrotron X-rayimaging of a dichasium cupule of Castanopsis from Eocene Baltic amber
No full textThe partial female inflorescence reported here provides an important addition to acorns of Castanopsis described from middle Eocene strata of Europe. Furthermore, the intercontinental distribution of Castanopsis in the Eocene is confirmed. The amber fossil also broadens the picture of the Baltic amber source area, indicating oligotrophic, sandy, bog-like habitats. Finally, this study underscores the great benefit of SRμCT as a powerful tool to investigate plant inclusions from amber in a nondestructive way
Text-fig. A1. a: Ulmus longifolia UNGER, 1847 (Unger 1847: pl. 26, fig. 5). b: Ulmus braunii HEER, 1856 (Heer 1856: pl. 79, fig. 17). c: Ulmus affinis A.MASSAL., 1853 (Massallongo 1854: pl. 4, fig. 8). d, e: Ulmus carpinifolia GLED., 1773 syn. of Ulmus minor MILL., 1768, (herbarium K566057), UK. Scale bars 30 mm (a–e). in The Late Early Pleistocene Flora Of Oriolo, Faenza (Italy): Assembly Of The Modern Forest Biome
No full textText-fig. A1. a: Ulmus longifolia UNGER, 1847 (Unger 1847: pl. 26, fig. 5). b: Ulmus braunii HEER, 1856 (Heer 1856: pl. 79, fig. 17). c: Ulmus affinis A.MASSAL., 1853 (Massallongo 1854: pl. 4, fig. 8). d, e: Ulmus carpinifolia GLED., 1773 syn. of Ulmus minor MILL., 1768, (herbarium K566057), UK. Scale bars 30 mm (a–e).Published as part of Denk, Thomas, Sami, Marco, Teodoridis, Vasilis & Martinetto, Edoardo, 2022, The Late Early Pleistocene Flora Of Oriolo, Faenza (Italy): Assembly Of The Modern Forest Biome, pp. 217-262 in Fossil Imprint 78 (1) on page 258, DOI: 10.37520/fi.2022.009, http://zenodo.org/record/716786
Text-fig. 7. a–d: Zelkova zelkovifolia. a: Fruiting twig, Oriolo MSF 639. b: Oriolo MSF 685. c: Oriolo MSF 859. d: Oriolo MSF 947. e: Unknown leaf fragment resembling Lonicera nigra L., 1753, Oriolo MSF 859. f: Crataegus aff. monogyna Oriolo MSF 639-1. g: Fagus aff. sylvatica Oriolo MSF 648. Scale bars 10 mm (a–g). in The Late Early Pleistocene Flora Of Oriolo, Faenza (Italy): Assembly Of The Modern Forest Biome
No full textText-fig. 7. a–d: Zelkova zelkovifolia. a: Fruiting twig, Oriolo MSF 639. b: Oriolo MSF 685. c: Oriolo MSF 859. d: Oriolo MSF 947. e: Unknown leaf fragment resembling Lonicera nigra L., 1753, Oriolo MSF 859. f: Crataegus aff. monogyna Oriolo MSF 639-1. g: Fagus aff. sylvatica Oriolo MSF 648. Scale bars 10 mm (a–g).Published as part of Denk, Thomas, Sami, Marco, Teodoridis, Vasilis & Martinetto, Edoardo, 2022, The Late Early Pleistocene Flora Of Oriolo, Faenza (Italy): Assembly Of The Modern Forest Biome, pp. 217-262 in Fossil Imprint 78 (1) on page 231, DOI: 10.37520/fi.2022.009, http://zenodo.org/record/716786
Text-fig. 11. a, b: Coriaria aff. myrtifolia. a: Oriolo MSF 647. b: Oriolo MSF 704. c, d: Populus aff. alba. c: Oriolo MSF 745. d: Oriolo MSF 725. e: Populus aff. tremula Oriolo MSF 749. f–h: Populus aff. nigra. f: Oriolo MSF 737. g: Oriolo MSF 742. h: Oriolo MSF 738. Scale bars 10 mm (a–d), 50 mm (e–h). in The Late Early Pleistocene Flora Of Oriolo, Faenza (Italy): Assembly Of The Modern Forest Biome
No full textText-fig. 11. a, b: Coriaria aff. myrtifolia. a: Oriolo MSF 647. b: Oriolo MSF 704. c, d: Populus aff. alba. c: Oriolo MSF 745. d: Oriolo MSF 725. e: Populus aff. tremula Oriolo MSF 749. f–h: Populus aff. nigra. f: Oriolo MSF 737. g: Oriolo MSF 742. h: Oriolo MSF 738. Scale bars 10 mm (a–d), 50 mm (e–h).Published as part of Denk, Thomas, Sami, Marco, Teodoridis, Vasilis & Martinetto, Edoardo, 2022, The Late Early Pleistocene Flora Of Oriolo, Faenza (Italy): Assembly Of The Modern Forest Biome, pp. 217-262 in Fossil Imprint 78 (1) on page 238, DOI: 10.37520/fi.2022.009, http://zenodo.org/record/716786
Text-fig. 10. a, b: Carpinus aff. betulus. a: Leaves, Oriolo MSF 640. b: Fruit, Oriolo MSF 985. c–g: Carpinus aff. orientalis. c: Oriolo MSF 895. d: Oriolo MSF 899. e: Oriolo MSF 848. f: Fruit, Oriolo MSF 986. g: Fruit, Oriolo MSF 985. Scale bars 10 mm (a–g). in The Late Early Pleistocene Flora Of Oriolo, Faenza (Italy): Assembly Of The Modern Forest Biome
No full textText-fig. 10. a, b: Carpinus aff. betulus. a: Leaves, Oriolo MSF 640. b: Fruit, Oriolo MSF 985. c–g: Carpinus aff. orientalis. c: Oriolo MSF 895. d: Oriolo MSF 899. e: Oriolo MSF 848. f: Fruit, Oriolo MSF 986. g: Fruit, Oriolo MSF 985. Scale bars 10 mm (a–g).Published as part of Denk, Thomas, Sami, Marco, Teodoridis, Vasilis & Martinetto, Edoardo, 2022, The Late Early Pleistocene Flora Of Oriolo, Faenza (Italy): Assembly Of The Modern Forest Biome, pp. 217-262 in Fossil Imprint 78 (1) on page 237, DOI: 10.37520/fi.2022.009, http://zenodo.org/record/716786
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Text-fig. 3. a–e: Berberis auriolensis sp. nov. a: Oriolo MSF 644, Holotype. b: Oriolo MSF 794, asterisks indicate position of teeth. c: Oriolo MSF 784. d: Oriolo MSF 789. e: Oriolo MSF 790. f–h: Modern leaves of Berberis. f: Berberis amurensis var. japonica modern leaf (NMNS Cleared Leaf Database specimen T 0454). g: Berberis koreana modern leaf (NMNS Cleared Leaf Database specimen T 1646). h: Berberis canadensis modern leaf (NMNS Cleared Leaf Database specimen T 1670). i: Epimedium cf. praeaspera Oriolo MSF 778, asterisk indicates position of tooth. j: Clematis aff. vitalba Oriolo MSF 630. Scale bars 10 mm (a–j). in The Late Early Pleistocene Flora Of Oriolo, Faenza (Italy): Assembly Of The Modern Forest Biome
No full textText-fig. 3. a–e: Berberis auriolensis sp. nov. a: Oriolo MSF 644, Holotype. b: Oriolo MSF 794, asterisks indicate position of teeth. c: Oriolo MSF 784. d: Oriolo MSF 789. e: Oriolo MSF 790. f–h: Modern leaves of Berberis. f: Berberis amurensis var. japonica modern leaf (NMNS Cleared Leaf Database specimen T 0454). g: Berberis koreana modern leaf (NMNS Cleared Leaf Database specimen T 1646). h: Berberis canadensis modern leaf (NMNS Cleared Leaf Database specimen T 1670). i: Epimedium cf. praeaspera Oriolo MSF 778, asterisk indicates position of tooth. j: Clematis aff. vitalba Oriolo MSF 630. Scale bars 10 mm (a–j).Published as part of Denk, Thomas, Sami, Marco, Teodoridis, Vasilis & Martinetto, Edoardo, 2022, The Late Early Pleistocene Flora Of Oriolo, Faenza (Italy): Assembly Of The Modern Forest Biome, pp. 217-262 in Fossil Imprint 78 (1) on page 224, DOI: 10.37520/fi.2022.009, http://zenodo.org/record/716786
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