1,431 research outputs found
The Culture of Living on Screen and the Audience-Human as Screenshot
No full textThis paper asserts the idea that everyday life is screened while screens are humanised. As a matter of fact, the screens, which once consisted of detached mechanisms limited to certain places and positioned "in front" of the audience, at this point, "surround" the spaces and people. Televisions, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, desktop computers, automobile screens, smart technologies, and flashing billboards are reshaping the connections of modern individuals with the space they live in, the time they feel, the relationships they develop, and their own beings. So much so that the screens that are connected to almost all devices and organize daily life entirely cease to be a platform for viewing images and turn into a kind of spectator's eye. In this regulation, the modern human performs many vital acts from working to having fun, from learning to experiencing, from adapting to resisting not "through the screen" as it once was, but now "as the screen". This "screen culture", which basically imitates and perhaps targets the eye, has become one of the norms of digital life. The theoretical framework of this research, which tries to see both the premises of the rapid transformation in question and to trace the ambiguous course, consists of the works of pioneering thinkers such as Gunther Anders, Jean Baudrillard and Byung-Chul Han. For this purpose, in this qualitative study, sociological film analysis is carried out through the episode of Fifteen Million Merits (2011) of the series Black Mirror, one of the Sci-Fi examples that have become very popular in recent years. This episode is notable in terms both of embodying and of nurturing discussions about the screen society.WOS:00101263460000
A Sociological Criticism of the Global Health Discourse: The Pandemic as a Metaphor of Contemporary Culture
No full textThis article argues that a clear correlation exists between disease and the prevailing social functioning. In this respect, every disease can be seen as a metaphor for the age and society in which it emerges. In other words, every period carries a form of disease that bears traces of the dominant lifestyle. This study approaches the epidemic as a kind of sociological projection in the context of studying modern culture and continues the discussion along the lines critically opened by Susan Sontag (2005). Just as Sontag examined disease as a metaphor, this article debates the discourses on masks, social distancing, and hygiene within the scope of COVID-19 along a specific sociological axis around the concepts of speed, control, information, hypermedicalization, and death as the dominant indicators of contemporary culture. For this purpose, the study seeks answers to the following questions through the leading social theorists of the field such as Bauman, Baudrillard, Turner, Furedi and ChulHan: How does the global epidemic and the current health discourse embodied in it appear within the sociological context? What thoughts and tendencies emerge when examining the pandemic portrait as a social metaphor? For example, what kind of relationship exists between hygiene and cultural fears; among distance, social isolation, and avoidance; and between masks and the superficial idea of death concealed behind quantification? Undoubtedly, the pandemic is a critical breaking point in the history of modern medicine and has forced not only global health practices but also many value judgments to both paradoxically be accepted and questioned
CEMİL MERİÇ VE ALİ ŞERİATİ’NİN ESERLERİNDE BATI KÜLTÜRÜ ELEŞTİRİSİ
No full textBu çalışma Batılı düşünür ve meselelerini karşılaştırmak suretiyle Doğu'nun entelektüel dünyasının önemli fakat popüler olmayan münevverleri Ali Şeriati ve Cemil Meriç bağlamında sosyolojideki güncel tartışmaları tasvir etmeye teşebbüs etmektedir. Bu yolla belli başlı tipik modern sosyolojinin meseleleri ele alınmakta ve Batı-merkezli dünya görüşü dolaylı olarak eleştirilmektedir. Bu amaçla, ayrıca, nesnellikten değeryargısına, eşitlikten sınıf çatışmasına, dinden hürriyete, soykırımdan entelektüellik sorununa ve güvenlikten iktidara dönük yapılan tartışmalarda bu Doğulu fikir adamlarının nasıl yaklaştığına odaklanılmaktadır. Bu noktada Doğu ve Batı kavramlarının coğrafi uzaklığı değil; sosyo-kültürel ve ideolojik farklılaşmayı ifade ettiğinin altı çizilmelidir. Sözkonusu farklılaşmaların Cemil Meriç ve Ali Şeriati gibi hem Batı'yı içselleştirmiş ve hem de buna rağmen yüzünü Doğu'ya dönmüş iki esaslı mütefekkirin çalışmaları bağlamında tasvir edilmesi tesadüf değildir. Nitekim bu iki düşünür, bu medeniyetin köklerine ulaşmada ve geleceği gelenekle inşa etmede önemli bir değer ve arkaplana sahiptirThis paper is an attempt to describe the contemporary debates in sociology in the context of Ali Shariati and Cemil Meriç who are significant but not popular scholars of the Eastern intellectual world by making comparison with some Western thinkers and issues. In this way, it is dealt with some typical modern sociological matters and criticise indirectly the West-oriented worldview. For this purpose, it is also focused on the question of how the Eastern scholars approach some debates from objectivity to value-judgment; from equality to class conflict; from religion to freedom; from genocide to the problem of intellectuality; and from security to power. At this point it should be underlined that the concepts East and West do not refer to geographical distance but to socio-cultural and ideological differentiation. It is not coincidence that these differentiations are portrayed in the context of essential scholars like Cemil Meriç and Ali Shariati who both internalise the West and, despite this, turn their faces to the East because these two thinkers have significant worth and background in reaching the roots of this civilisation and in constructing the futur
Disease and Death in the Modern Culture: On Now and Eternity
No full textThis paper is basically about nowism as a representation of modernity rather than a temporal fragment, about cancer as philosophical reference rather than as a biological illness, and about death as constructive value rather than as a destructive experience. All these representation-loaded concepts are dealt with through the story of Tessa, the protagonist in the film Now is Good (2012). In the liquid modernity, on the one hand nowist orientations, tendencies and acts are wryly reduced to a cliché: "Carpe diem" (seize the day) and on the other hand temporal uncertainty of death implies the essential principle of "memento mori" (remember you will die) or "Mutu qabla an tamutu" (die before you die). The now is, as a worldview beyond a temporality, not merely good, but perhaps the God of the modern society. However, deadly cancer, which is an uninvited guest, nullifies this modern doctrine that commercializes the now as eternity and immortality itself. Cancer that marks death and the sense of chaos what cancer stirs are antithesis and perhaps antidote of the liquid modernity. This paper, for the very reason, unexpectedly affirms death while criticising the nowist cultureWOS:00044169150001
From Asceticism to the Modern Diet Society: The Body between Sanctity and Nonentity
No full textBu çalışma, ruhun kemalâtı için az yemeği öğütleyen riyazet çağından beden için diyet toplumunu yücelten modern çağa geçişi analiz etmektedir. Burada, hipotez olarak, ruh ve beden arasındaki ikircikli ve çatışmalı durumun, yerini insanın bedenîleştiği ve bedenin de hiçleştiği kollektif bir düzene bıraktığı öne sürülmektedir. Beden, tüm özgürleşme söylemlerinin ötesinde, modernitenin hem bitmeyen sermayesi hem de açmazına dönüşmüştür. Bu rejimde bireyler sıskalar ve şişkolar olarak kategorize edilirken; kendilik (the Self) gittikçe görselleşir. Öte yandan bu teşhir edici endüstrileşmiş görselleştirme beklenmedik biçimde tekrarlı, tekdüze ve algıyı körelticidir. Burada beden vurgulandıkça kaybolur. Mutluluk ve kurtuluşun salt spor salonu, zayıflama hapları ve diyet programlarına indirgendiği bu yeni yaşam formülü, bilhassa tıp bilimi ve medya aracılığıyla geniş kitleleri biteviye yeniden üretmektedir. Mutlak güzellik ve mutluluğa ermeyi amaçlayan her temayül yeni bir tatminsizlik ve sonsuz bir arayış olarak kendi küllerinden doğar. Bu çalışma, Meksika yapımı Malos Hábitos (2007) filmi üzerinden, bedenî ve manevi varlık, bireysel ve toplumsal beden, açlık ve oburluk, ayna ve görünüm, arzu ve tatminsizlik arasındaki ikiliklere odaklanmaktadır. Bu bakımdan, Türkiye'de son yıllarda sıklıkla tartışılan beden ve özgürlük kavramları etrafındaki seküler yorumlara zımni olarak eleştirel bir duruş da sunmaktadır.This paper analyses -- not chronologically, but sociologically -- the transition from the age of asceticism, which advises one to eat like a bird in order to perfect the soul, to the modern age, in which the diet society is highlighted. It asserts that this ambivalent and conflictive situation between soul and body creates a collective regime in which the human being is embodied and the body becomes nothing. The body, being beyond all means of liberation, turns into both an unending capital and an abysmal swamp of modernity. Under this regime, the Self reflects upon itself and categorises the body as either skinny or fat. Besides, the exhibitive industrialised visualisation of the Self is unexpectedly blinding. Here, the body disappears as much as it is highlighted. The new style-life formula, which reduces bliss and salvation to the gym, slimming pills and diet programmes, incessantly guides the masses through the medical sciences and, in particular, the media. Every tendency towards achieving absolute beauty and happiness is reborn from its own ashes as a new form of dissatisfaction and leads to endless searching. Through the Mexican film Malos Hábitos (2007), this paper focuses on the dichotomies between physical and spiritual existence, the individual and the social body, hunger and gluttony, mirror and appearance, and desire and dissatisfaction. In this respect, it implicitly offers a critical stance of secular discourses focusing around the concepts of the body and freedom that have often been debated in recent years in Turkey
Lysosomal Cathepsin A Plays a Significant Role in the Processing of Endogenous Bioactive Peptides
No full textLysosomal serine carboxypeptidase Cathepsin A (CTSA) is a multifunctional enzyme with distinct protective and catalytic function. CTSA that is present in the lysosomal multienzyme complex facilitates correct lysosomal routing, stability and activation of betagalactosidase and alpha-neuraminidase. In addition, CTSA plays a role in the inactivation of bioactive peptides including bradykinin, substances P, oxytocin, angiotensin I and endothelin-I by cleavage of one or two amino acid(s) from the C-terminal ends. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the regulatory role of CTSA on bioactive peptides in a knock-in mouse model of CTSAS190A. We evaluated the levels of bradykinin, substances P, oxytocin, angiotensin I and endothelin-I in the kidney, liver, lung, brain and serum of the CTSAS190A mouse model at three- and six-months of age. Our results suggest that CTSA selectively contributes to the processing of bioactive peptides in different tissues of CTSAS190A mice compared to those of age-matched wild-type mice
Old Concepts, New Contents: The City, Cinema and the Stranger
No full textBu çalışma İstanbul’un gerçek değil; esasında güncellenmiş bir sinematik portresidir. Sinematik İstanbul’un
yabancıları bağlamında, kent imgesini güncellemek için en stratejik, faydalı ve aynı zamanda en zor
adım ekseni merkezlerden, turistik mekânlardan, alışıldık karakterlerden, malum değerlerden ve olağan
olaylardan kenarlara, ikincil mekân ve karakterlere, minimal durumlara, müphem değerlere ve hâlihazırdaki
değişimlere kaydırmaktır. Bu amaçla, detaylarına inmeksizin ama göndermelerine odaklanarak, birer
sosyolojik tanıklık olan beş film analiz edilmiştir: Bir Tutam Baharat (Tassos Boulmetis, 2003), Köprüdekiler
(Aslı Özge, 2009), Kaç Para Kaç (Reha Erdem, 1999), Uzak (Nuri Bilge Ceylan, 2002) ve 11’e 10 Kala (Pelin
Esmer, 2009). Araştırmanın genel çerçevesini oluşturan bu filmler modern İstanbul’un toplumsal ve kentsel
tarihi ve yabancıların değişen dokusunun en kritik kırılma noktalarıdır
Türkiye'de vücut geliştirme tarihi
No full textAnkara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2020.This work is a student project of the Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.The History of Turkey course (HIST200) is a requirement for all Bilkent undergraduates. It is designed to encourage students to work in groups on projects concerning any topic of their choice that relates to the history of Turkey. It is designed as an interactive course with an emphasis on research and the objective of investigating events, chronologically short historical periods, as well as historic representations. Students from all departments prepare and present final projects for examination by a committee, with 10 projects chosen to receive awards.Includes bibliographical references (pages 14-15).Bu makalede Timur Akbaş'ın vücut geliştirme dalında hakemlik kariyeri ve Türkiye'de vücut geliştirme sporu ele alınacaktır. Giriş bölümünde vücut geliştirme sporuna dair genel bilgilere yer verilecektir. Gelişme kısmına gelindiğinde Türkiye Vücut Geliştirme Federasyonu'nda hakemlik yapan Timur Akbaş ile yapılan röportaj doğrultusunda okuyucuya vücut geliştirme sporunda hakemlik, yarışmalar, bu sporu yapmak isteyen bireyler nasıl bir yol izlemesi gerektiği ve ilaçların ve anaboliklerin etkisine dair bilgiler aktarılacaktır. En sonda ise Türkiye'de vücut geliştirme sporunun geleceğine dair açıklamalar ile makaleye son verilecektir.3\$aBu makalede Timur Akbaş'ın vücut geliştirme dalında hakemlik kariyeri ve Türkiye'de vücut geliştirme sporu ele alınacaktır. Giriş bölümünde vücut geliştirme sporuna dair genel bilgilere yer verilecektir. Gelişme kısmına gelindiğinde Türkiye Vücut Geliştirme Federasyonu'nda hakemlik yapan Timur Akbaş ile yapılan röportaj doğrultusunda okuyucuya vücut geliştirme sporunda hakemlik, yarışmalar, bu sporu yapmak isteyen bireyler nasıl bir yol izlemesi gerektiği ve ilaçların ve anaboliklerin etkisine dair bilgiler aktarılacaktır. En sonda ise Türkiye'de vücut geliştirme sporunun geleceğine dair açıklamalar ile makaleye son verilecektir.by Handan Karakaş Demir
Changes at Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia in Late Bronze Age- Early Iron Age Transition Period in the Light of Archaeological Data
No full textİnsanlık tarihinde ki önemli dönüm noktalarından biri olan Geç Tunç Erken Demir
Çağı geçiş sürecinin, Doğu ve Güneydoğu Anadolu'daki etkilerinin arkeolojik veriler
ile incelenmesi çalışmanın ana amacıdır. Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi'nde Geç Tunç
Çağı'nın politik sistemlerinin zayıfladığı veya tümüyle ortadan kalktığı bir süreç
sonrasında, Erken Demir Çağı ile birlikte yeni sosyo-politik, ekonomik ve toplumsal
yapıların oluşum süreçleri arkeolojide popüler konulardan biri olmuştur. Ancak az
sayıda ve tartışmalı arkeolojik verinin bulunduğu süreçte, özellikle döneme ait yazılı
belgeleri temel alan çeşitli çalışmalar yapılmasına karşın, birçok konuda tartışmalar
devam etmektedir. Yazılı kaynakların sınırlı olduğu, arkeolojik materyallerin ise
problemli olduğu, Doğu ve Güneydoğu Anadolu'da ise süreç hakkında birçok
tartışma sürdürülmektedir. Çalışmamızda söz konusu süreçte yaşanan değişimlerin
ortaya konmasında coğrafi faktörlerin etkisi, yazılı kaynaklar ile sürecin nasıl
kurgulandığı ve arkeolojik verilerin süreç ve kültürel değişimleri hangi boyutlarda
yansıttığı, ayrı başlıklar altında ele alınmıştır. Derlenen tüm veriler ışığında, Doğu
ve Güneydoğu Anadolu'da Geç Tunç Erken Demir Çağı geçiş sürecinde sosyopolitik,
ekonomik ve toplumsal yapılardaki değişimler ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır.That the effects in East and Southeast Anatolia of Late Bronze - Early Iron Age
transition period which is one of the most important milestones in the history of
mankind is examined with archaeological data is the main purpose of the study. In
the sequel of a period which the politic systems of Late Bronze Age in the Eastern
Mediterranean Region are weakened or completely disappeared, the formation
processes new socio-political, economic and social structures with Early Iron Age
are one of popular subjects in archaeology. But in the process of phenomenal and
controversial archaeological data, according to several studies especially based on
inscriptions of the process have done, the discussions are continuing about a lot of
subjects. In case a lot of discussions are continuing about the process in Eastern
and Southeastern Anatolia where inscriptions are limited and archaeological
materials are problematic. In our study the impact of geographical factors in the
diagnosis of changes in mentioned process, how the process fictionalized with
inscriptions and how the archaeological data reflected the processes and the
cultural changes are discussed under separate headings. In the light of all data
collected, the changes in socio-political, economic and social structures in the
process ofLate Bronze - Early Iron Age transition period in Eastern and
Southeastern Anatolia have been tried to reveal
Neuraminidase-1 contributes significantly to the degradation of neuronal B-series gangliosides but not to the bypass of the catabolic block in Tay–Sachs mouse models
No full textTay–Sachs disease is a severe lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the HEXA gene coding for α subunit of lysosomal β-Hexosaminidase A enzyme, which converts GM2 to GM3 ganglioside. HexA−/− mice, depleted of the β-Hexosaminidase A iso-enzyme, remain asymptomatic up to 1 year of age because of a metabolic bypass by neuraminidase(s). These enzymes remove a sialic acid residue converting GM2 to GA2, which is further degraded by the still intact β-Hexosaminidase B iso-enzyme into lactosylceramide. A previously identified ganglioside metabolizing neuraminidase, Neu4, is abundantly expressed in the mouse brain and has activity against gangliosides like GM2 in vitro. Neu4−/− mice showed increased GD1a and decreased GM1 ganglioside in the brain suggesting the importance of the Neu4 in ganglioside catabolism. Mice with targeted disruption of both HexA and Neu4 genes showed accumulating GM2 ganglioside and epileptic seizures with 40% penetrance, indicating that the neuraminidase Neu4 is a modulatory gene, but may not be the only neuraminidase contributing to the metabolic bypass in HexA−/− mice. Therefore, we elucidated the biological role of neuraminidase-1 in ganglioside degradation in mouse. Analysis of HexA−/−Neu1−/− and HexA−/−Neu4−/−Neu1−/− mice models showed significant contribution of neuraminidase-1 on B-series ganglioside degradation in the brain. Therefore, we speculate that other neuraminidase/neuraminidases such as Neu2 and/or Neu3 might be also involved in the ganglioside degradation pathway in HexA−/− mice
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