1,720,952 research outputs found
Proof of Criminal Acts of Illegal Building Ownership Resulting in Losses from the Perspective of the Causality Doctrine (Study of District Court Decision Number 1833/Pid.B/2021/PN Lbp and Supreme Court Decision Number 1010 K/Pid/2022)
No full textThe crime that is currently rampant is the crime of illegal building ownership that
causes losses. The proof of the crime of illegal building ownership that causes
loss requires the application of the doctrine of causality, which aims to find
answers to legal problems or events by searching for and determining the
existence or non-existence of a causal relationship between the act and the
resulting consequence. However, in practice, legal practitioners, especially
judges, often do not apply the doctrine of causality in decision-making. This thesis
contains several problem formulations as follows: 1) How is the relationship
between the proof of criminal elements and the form of the judge's decision
according to Indonesian criminal procedural law?; 2) What is the doctrine of
causality in criminal law?; 3) How do judges consider the proof of the crime of
illegal building ownership that causes loss from the perspective of the doctrine of
causality in the decision of the District Court Number 1833/Pid.B/2021/PN Lbp
and the Supreme Court Decision Number 1010 K/Pid/2022? The research method
used by the author in this study is normative juridical legal research, which
involves using secondary data that consists of primary, secondary, and tertiary
legal materials. The proof of criminal elements must be based on existing
evidence and legal facts to serve as a guideline for the Panel of Judges in
delivering a verdict to the defendant, which can be a sentence, acquittal, or
release. The doctrine of causality in criminal law is used to determine which of a
series of actions is considered the cause of the emergence of the prohibited
consequence, and to determine whether the defendant's actions constitute a
prohibited act punishable under applicable regulations. In the decision of the
District Court Number 1833/Pid.B/2021/PN Lbp, the judge acquitted the
defendant, and in the decision of the Supreme Court Number 1010 K/Pid/2022,
the judge sentenced the defendant to 3 (three) months in prison. The difference in
the verdicts was based on the differing considerations of the judges, where in the
District Court, the elements charged by the Public Prosecutor were not proven,
and to prove the allegations as stated by the prosecutor, the judge required
testimony from a building expert witness. Meanwhile, in the Supreme Court, the
judge stated that the elements of the public prosecutor's charges had been proven,
without requiring proof of the connection between the illegal building and the
losses caused by the illegal building. Which should have led the Supreme Court
judges to uphold the decision of the first-instance judge.127 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Proof of Criminal Acts of Illegal Building Ownership Resulting in Losses from the Perspective of the Causality Doctrine (Study of District Court Decision Number 1833/Pid.B/2021/PN Lbp and Supreme Court Decision Number 1010 K/Pid/2022)
No full textThe crime that is currently rampant is the crime of illegal building ownership that
causes losses. The proof of the crime of illegal building ownership that causes
loss requires the application of the doctrine of causality, which aims to find
answers to legal problems or events by searching for and determining the
existence or non-existence of a causal relationship between the act and the
resulting consequence. However, in practice, legal practitioners, especially
judges, often do not apply the doctrine of causality in decision-making. This thesis
contains several problem formulations as follows: 1) How is the relationship
between the proof of criminal elements and the form of the judge's decision
according to Indonesian criminal procedural law?; 2) What is the doctrine of
causality in criminal law?; 3) How do judges consider the proof of the crime of
illegal building ownership that causes loss from the perspective of the doctrine of
causality in the decision of the District Court Number 1833/Pid.B/2021/PN Lbp
and the Supreme Court Decision Number 1010 K/Pid/2022? The research method
used by the author in this study is normative juridical legal research, which
involves using secondary data that consists of primary, secondary, and tertiary
legal materials. The proof of criminal elements must be based on existing
evidence and legal facts to serve as a guideline for the Panel of Judges in
delivering a verdict to the defendant, which can be a sentence, acquittal, or
release. The doctrine of causality in criminal law is used to determine which of a
series of actions is considered the cause of the emergence of the prohibited
consequence, and to determine whether the defendant's actions constitute a
prohibited act punishable under applicable regulations. In the decision of the
District Court Number 1833/Pid.B/2021/PN Lbp, the judge acquitted the
defendant, and in the decision of the Supreme Court Number 1010 K/Pid/2022,
the judge sentenced the defendant to 3 (three) months in prison. The difference in
the verdicts was based on the differing considerations of the judges, where in the
District Court, the elements charged by the Public Prosecutor were not proven,
and to prove the allegations as stated by the prosecutor, the judge required
testimony from a building expert witness. Meanwhile, in the Supreme Court, the
judge stated that the elements of the public prosecutor's charges had been proven,
without requiring proof of the connection between the illegal building and the
losses caused by the illegal building. Which should have led the Supreme Court
judges to uphold the decision of the first-instance judge.127 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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