244 research outputs found
The effect of the new H2-receptor antagonist mifentidine on gastric secretion, gastric emptying and experimental gastric and duodenal ulcers in the rat: comparison with cimetidine and ranitidine.
No full textThe new H2-receptor antagonist mifentidine (DA 4577) was tested for its antisecretory and gastric motor effects in comparison with cimetidine and ranitidine. The Shay rat preparation (5 h) was used for studying gastric secretion; the gastric emptying of a liquid meal was chosen for studying gastric motility. All the three compounds inhibited acid secretion in a dose-dependent fashion. Calculated ED50s were 2.3, 12.2 and 92.8 mg X kg-1 for mifentidine, ranitidine and cimetidine, respectively. Therefore, in this animal model, mifentidine was about 40 times more potent than cimetidine and 5 times more potent than ranitidine. As far as gastric emptying is concerned, the effect of equiactive antisecretory doses (i.e. the respective ED50s calculated from the previously established dose-response curves) of all the three antagonists was completely different. Cimetidine delayed emptying rate, whereas ranitidine accelerated it and mifentidine was completely ineffective. However, at higher doses, also this compound affected emptying rate by reducing it dose-dependently. Gastric and duodenal ulcers were induced in the rat by dimaprit (100 mg X kg-1 intravenously) and cysteamine (250 mg X kg-1 subcutaneously), respectively. As far as gastric ulcer is concerned, the ED50s (the effective dose which protected 50% of the animals from lesions) were 0.23, 4.40 and 9.70 mg X kg-1 for mifentidine, ranitidine and cimetidine, respectively. As regards duodenal ulcer, the ED50 was 4.48 for mifentidine and 150.00 mg X kg-1 for ranitidine. In this animal model, the efficacy of cimetidine was very low. Therefore an ED50 could not be determined. In conclusion, results of the present investigation demonstrated that mifentidine is a potent antisecretory compound and an effective anti-ulcer agent in the rat
Myocardial protection by the nitroderivative of aspirin, NCX 4016: in vitro and in vivo experiments in the r abbit
No full textBACKGROUND: A new family of nitroderivatives of conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs capable of releasing nitric oxide has been synthesized. Among these compounds, a nitroderivative of aspirin (NCX 4016), which displays antiplatelet and vasodilating activities, appears to have clinical potential in cardiac pathology related to coronary insufficiency. METHODS: In this study the beneficial effects of NCX 4016 and aspirin were evaluated in vitro in a model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion of the rabbit and in vivo in a model of acute myocardial infarction of the same animal species. RESULTS: The NCX 4016 (from 1 x 10(-5) M to 3 x 10(-4) M) caused dose-dependent cardiac protection in isolated rabbit hearts subjected to low flow ischemia-reperfusion. Inhibition of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1alpha (6-keto-PGF1alpha) generation and proportional reduction of creatine kinase (CK) activity at reperfusion was observed. Aspirin (1 x 10(-4)M) markedly worsened the post-ischemic ventricular dysfunction and this event was paralleled by a 63% increase in CK activity and abolition of 6-keto-PGF1alpha formation. Perfusion of the hearts with NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (1 x 10(-5) M) worsened the ischemia-reperfusion damage in perfused hearts. This event was prevented by prior treatment with NCX 4016 (1 x 10(-4) M) but not with aspirin (1 x 10(-4) M). Ligation of the first antero-lateral branch of the left coronary artery in rabbits resulted in acute myocardial infarction with a mortality rate of 60% at 24 hours. NCX 4016 (0.5 mg/kg/min for 2 hours) significantly reduced the mortality rate by 10%, protected the rabbits against electrocardiogram derangement and almost abolished CK activity in plasma and myeloperoxidase activity in cardiac tissue. Aspirin was devoid of any protective activity. CONCLUSIONS: In the rabbit NCX 4016 appears to exert a relevant cardioprotection likely mediated by nitric oxide donation. These results suggest that this nitroderivative of aspirin may lead to innovative therapy in myocardial ischemia and infarction
Reply to Savolainen: High toxicity of hydrogen sulfide by the inhibition of mitochondrial respiration
No full text“Bisognerebbe che i tedeschi arivasero a Roma” : la Grande Guerra nel diario di un soldato romagnolo
No full textAnalisi, contestualizzazione e interpretazione di un diario inedito della Grande guerra, scritto da un giovane soldato della provincia di Ravenna
Sottoprodotti agroalimentari valorizzati con le mosche soldato
No full textLe strategie di gestione degli scarti alimentari si sono finora concentrate principalmente sulla riduzione dei rifiuti, tuttavia la ricerca di nuove forme di valorizzazione rappresenta un’alternativa concreta che apre nuovi scenari di mercato. La capacità di alcune specie di insetti di utilizzare un’ampia gamma di substrati organici comunemente considerati come sottoprodotti e rifiuti, rappresenta una delle soluzioni più promettenti per attuare il principio fondante dell’economia circolare. Tra questi vi è la “mosca soldato nera” (Hermetia illucens, Diptera: Stratiomyidae), una mosca non infestante (gli adulti vivono pochi giorni, non si nutrono e non trasmettono patogeni), le cui larve sono in grado di svilupparsi su un’ampia varietà di substrati organici ad elevato contenuto di umidità.
Per sfruttare le potenzialità delle mosche soldato nel ricavare nutrienti ad alto valore energetico utilizzabili sia in ambito alimentare/mangimistico, sia come combustibili, sia come ammendanti per l’agricoltura è stato creato, nel solco dei Gruppi Operativi per l’Innovazione (GOI) del partenariato PEI AGRI, il progetto BIOECO-FLIES, un gruppo di ricerca coordinato da CRPV (Centro Ricerche Produzioni Vegetali) e finanziato dalla Regione Emilia Romagna (PSR 2014-2020 Mis. 16.01 Focus Area 5C), che vede coinvolti diversi enti di ricerca pubblici e privati: Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Università di Parma (UNIPR) e la società Astra Innovazione e Sviluppo. Partendo dai sottoprodotti della lavorazione di prodotti ortofrutticoli e olivicoli forniti dalle imprese agricole del GOI quali Consorzio Agribologna, C.A.B. Cooperativa agricola Brisighellese, Conserve Italia, ed altre aziende agricole del territorio Emiliano-Romagnolo, il progetto ha ottimizzato le caratteristiche quali-quantitative delle mosche soldato allevate in relazione alla stagionalità dei sottoprodotti; inoltre, sono stati valutati i processi estrattivi applicabili per ottenere una separazione efficiente delle frazioni, le possibilità di impiego di tali frazioni, e la sostenibilità ambientale ed economica dell’intero process
Subsidence Evolution of the Firenze–Prato–Pistoia Plain (Central Italy) Combining PSI and GNSS Data
No full textSubsidence phenomena, as well as landslides and floods, are one of the main geohazards affecting the Tuscany region (central Italy). The monitoring of related ground deformations plays a key role in their management to avoid problems for buildings and infrastructure. In this scenario, Earth observation offers a better solution in terms of costs and benefits than traditional techniques (e.g., GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) or levelling networks), especially for wide area applications. In this work, the subsidence-related ground motions in the Firenze–Prato–Pistoia plain were back-investigated to track the evolution of displacement from 2003 to 2017 by means of multi-interferometric analysis of ENVISAT and Sentinel-1 imagery combined with GNSS data. The resulting vertical deformation velocities are aligned to the European Terrestrial Reference System 89 (ETRS89) datum and can be considered real velocity of displacement. The vertical ground deformation maps derived by ENVISAT and Sentinel-1 data, corrected with the GNSS, show how the area affected by subsidence for the period 2003–2010 and the period 2014–2017 evolved. The differences between the two datasets in terms of the extension and velocity values were analysed and then associated with the geological setting of the basin and external factors, e.g., new greenhouses and nurseries. This analysis allowed for reconstructing the evolution of the subsidence for the area of interest showing an increment of ground deformation in the historic centre of Pistoia Town, a decrement of subsidence in the nursery area between Pistoia and Prato cities, and changes in the industrial sector close to Prato
In vivo metabolism of nitroaspirin (NCX 4016), a nitric oxide donating derivative of aspirin, after oral administration to male healthy subjects
No full textA new approach for landslide-induced damage assessment
No full textThe accurate evaluation of landslide-induced damage is a necessity for planning of proper and effective mitigation measures. It requires the implementation of field investigations to identify structural failures to more effectively trace landslide boundaries. Many methods have been proposed to classify landslide-induced damage of buildings. The existing methods demonstrate several advantages and drawbacks depending on the parameters considered, as lack of some important features and difficulties in applicability. A new classification approach of landslide-induced damage of facilities is proposed, which specifically focuses on assessing of damage degree and its relationship to the ground motion intensity and impact severity. The new approach is designed in two steps: a chart utilized during surveys to quantify cracks on structures and ground surface; an a posteriori ranking of structures performed using a cell-grid matrix. Furthermore, a damage recording scheme useful for field surveying is proposed. This approach considers several parameters derived from different existing methodologies by smoothing out drawbacks and homogenizing the considered features. The resulting approach provides a new procedure of landslide-induced damage assessment adoptable in case of private dwellings, as it does not require internal accessibility, and it is exploitable for different landslide events and for different kinds of structures and facilities.This work was partially supported by the Spanish Government under project TIN2014-55413-C2-2-P. The authors thank the University of Florence for funding Dr. Matteo Del Soldato during a PhD research period in the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Alicante
Interaction of a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor with aspirin and NO-releasing aspirin in the human gastric mucosa.
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