1,720,977 research outputs found
Correction to : Counter-reporting sustainability from the bottom up: the case of the construction company WeBuild and dam-related conflicts
Get PDFUnidad de excelencia María de Maeztu CEX2019-000940-MIn Table 5, under the code 'Inadequate Resettlement', the quotation "flooding was said to have affected 635,000 people, 180,000 of whom were living in emergency shelters" (Scudder, 2005, p. 26) was wrongly attributed to the Kariba dam (the quotation referred to the Cahora Bassa dam). The correct quotation for the Kariba dam reads: "The involuntary resettlement of 57,000 people within the reservoir basin and immediately downstream from the dam was responsible for serious environmental degradation which was one of a number of factors that left a majority of those resettled impoverished" (Scudder, 2005, p. 1). In the Funding section the following funding information was missing: Daniela Del Bene acknowledges funding from the project 'EnvJustice' (GA 695446), funded by the European Research Council (ERC). The original article has been corrected
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Counter-reporting sustainability from the bottom up : the case of the construction company WeBuild and dam-related conflicts
Get PDFUnidad de excelencia María de Maeztu CEX2019-000940-MAltres ajuts: acords transformatius de la UABControversies around large-scale development projects offer many cases and insights which may be analyzed through the lenses of corporate social (ir)responsibility (CSIR) and business ethics studies. In this paper, we confront the CSR narratives and strategies of WeBuild (formerly known as Salini Impregilo), an Italian transnational construction company. Starting from the Global Atlas of Environmental Justice (EJAtlas), we collect evidence from NGOs, environmental justice organizations, journalists, scholars, and community leaders on socio-environmental injustices and controversies surrounding 38 large hydropower schemes built by the corporation throughout the last century. As a counter-reporting exercise, we code (un)sustainability discourses from a plurality of sources, looking at their discrepancy under the critical lenses of post-normal science and political ecology, with environmental justice as a normative framework. Our results show how the mismatch of narratives can be interpreted by considering the voluntary, self-reporting, non-binding nature of CSR accounting performed by a corporation wishing to grow in a global competitive market. Contributing to critical perspectives on political CS(I)R, we question the reliability of current CSR mechanisms and instruments, calling for the inclusion of complexity dimensions in and a re-politicization of CS(I)R accounting and ethics. We argue that the fields of post-normal science and political ecology can contribute to these goals
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Hydropower and ecological conflicts : from resistance to transformations
Get PDFEl sector hidroeléctrico está pasando por una fase de expansión a nivel global, siendo promovido como una fuente de energía sostenible y renovable. Sin embargo, la construción de represas está causando un creciente número de conflictos ambientales debido a sus impactos ecológicos y sociales. Al mismo tiempo, activistas y comunidades afectadas se organizan en movimientos sociales y redes internacionales para denunciar impactos y violencia en sus territorios. Hasta la fecha, la investigación se ha centrado en gran medida en evaluar los impactos específicos de las grandes represas y la oposición asociada que ha surgido. Esta tesis critica la reciente expansión de la energía hidroeléctrica que se está legitimado a través de un discurso de sostenibilidad, toma una perspectiva territorial y se centra en las fuerzas transformadoras que surgen de los movimientos sociales anti-represas. Esta tesis adopta el abordaje de la ecología política y de la economía ecológica, bajo el enfoque de la investigación activista para abordar tres dimensiones principales de la resistencia anti-represas. Primero, esta tesis investiga la expansión del sector hidroeléctrico a lo largo de una reciente frontera extractiva, el estado Himalayano de Himachal Pradesh en la India. Esta investigación se realizó en colaboración con activistas locales e investigadores independientes, a través de un mapeo regional participativo de 17 casos de conflicto, utilizando el EJAtlas (Atlas Mundial de Justicia Ambiental). Se analizan los actores involucrados y los lenguajes de valoración de los afectados que protestan y se movilizan, incluyendo las preocupaciones por los impactos ecológicos, la violación de leyes, y el carácter violento de la expansión del sector hidroeléctrico. Finalmente, se discuten las energías renovables de gran escala como adicionales impulsoras de un 'extractivismo de las renovables', promovido por el discurso de la energía limpia, y un 'consenso de las infraestructuras', paralelo al 'consenso de los commodities'. Segundo, esta tesis adopta el abordaje de la ecología política comparativa para investigar los patrones de la represión violenta de las protestas anti-represas a nivel mundial. Se analizan 220 casos de conflictos por represas hidroeléctricas incluídos en el EJAtlas, focalizando principalmente en cuatro categorías de 'Outcomes' (represión violenta de la protesta, criminalización, persecución violenta de activistas, y asesinatos); así como también se destacan los grupos movilizados, sus formas de movilización, y los impactos socio-económicos, ambientales y de salud más frecuentemente reportados. Esta sección muestra cómo la violencia aumenta de forma específica en territorios indígenas, y cómo la represión no solamente se dirige a la oposición a determinados proyectos, sino que también se busca deslegitimar otras formas de relacionarse con el territorio, otras visiones del mundo, y otras ontologías. Tercero, esta tesis discute cómo los movimientos anti-represas juegan un rol importante en la generación de fuerzas transformadoras que nacen desde la resistencia. Esta sección se basa en entrevistas a líderes activistas y a miembros de comunidades, y en la participación personal en redes de activistas. Se argumenta que, en respuesta a procesos de acaparamiento de tierra, agua y energía (es decir, de soberanía) por parte de la industria hidroeléctrica, los movimientos apelan de manera creciente a: trabajar transversalmente los temas (tierra, agua, energía) para superar la sectorializacion de los movimientos sociales; ampliar la forma de entender los 'impactos' y pasar del concepto de 'afectado por proyecto' a 'afectado por el modelo (energético)', aumentando el alcance de la resistencia; comprometerse en una lucha epistémica por el reconocimiento de formas plurales de comprender la tierra, el agua y la energía. Esta sección finalmente presenta la 'soberanía energética' como un eslogan emergente de la resistencia anti-represas y, por consiguiente, del vocabulario de la justicia ambiental, que reivindica el control popular sobre modelos energéticos y diversas 'territorialidades'.Hydropower is undergoing a new construction boom globally and is increasingly promoted as a sustainable and renewable source of energy. Yet construction of hydroelectric dams results in a growing number of ecological conflicts due to both ecological and social impacts. In response, impacted communities and activists are mobilising in social movements and international networks. To date, social research has largely focused on assessing the project-specific impacts of large dams and the associated opposition that has arisen. This research critiques the recent expansion of hydropower that is being legitimised through a discourse of sustainability, takes a territory-wide perspective and focuses on the transformative forces that arise from within anti-dam social movements. This thesis adopts the lens of political ecology and ecological economics and an activist-led research approach to investigate three main dimensions of anti-dam resistance. First, this thesis examines the expansion of hydropower along one recent commodity extraction frontier, the Himalayan state of Himachal Pradesh in India. This research was done in collaboration with local activists and independent researchers and through participatory regional mapping of 17 cases of conflict using the Global Atlas of Environmental Justice - EJAtlas. It analyses the actors involved and the valuation languages of the impacted communities who protest and mobilise, including concerns over disruption of local ecologies, violation of laws, and the violent character of hydropower expansion. It finally discusses imposed large-scale renewables as additional drivers of a 'renewables' extractivism' promoted as sustainable green energy and by a 'consensus of infrastructures', parallel to a 'consensus of commodities'. Secondly, this thesis adopts a comparative political ecology approach to inquiry trends and patterns of violent repression of the anti-dam protest globally. It analyses 220 cases of ecological conflicts over hydroelectric dams included in the EJAtlas database, focusing on four main categories of the 'Outcomes' namely violent repression of protests, criminalization, violent targeting of activists and assassinations, as well as the types of groups mobilizing, the forms of mobilization, and the most frequently reported socio-economic, environmental and health impacts. This section shows how violence particularly increases in Indigenous territories and how repression not only targets the opposition to specific projects but aims at delegitimising other and different relations to the territory, world-visions, and ontologies. Thirdly, this dissertation discusses how anti-dam movements play a central role in the production of forces for transformation that are born out of the resistance. This section is based on interviews with lead activists and community members and through personal participation in activist networks. It argues that in response to the land, water and energy grabbing (alias, sovereignty grabbing) caused by the hydropower industry, movements increasingly call for resistance to: 'scale out' across sectors (land, water and energy) to overcome the sectorialisation of social movements; expand the understanding of impacts, not only referring to 'project-affected' but to '(energy)model-affected people', in order to widen the outreach of resistance; engage in an epistemic struggle for the recognition of a pluralistic understanding of land, water and energy. This section finally presents 'energy sovereignty' as an emerging slogan of anti-dam resistance and thus of the vocabulary of environmental justice to reclaim people's control over different energy models and diverse and other 'territorialities'
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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