1,720,959 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Evaluation in Specialized Oral Health Care
No full textO objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas (CEO), com vistas ao monitoramento e avaliação da atenção especializada em saúde bucal no Sistema Único de Saúde. Trata-se de um estudo transversal piloto, que utilizou parte do banco de dados de do estudo descritivo realizado pela Coordenação Nacional de Saúde Bucal entre 2008 e 2009. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da FOUSP. Os dados foram organizados e analisados no programa STATA 10.0. Participaram da análise 56 CEO localizados em 6 estados: 30,36% de CEO tipo I, 62,5% de CEO tipo II e 7,14% de CEO tipo III; possuem em média 9,07 cirurgiões-dentistas (CDs), 5,5 auxiliares de saúde bucal (ASB) e 0,9 técnicos em saúde bucal (TSB); em 64,29% dos CEO existem cirurgiões-dentistas concursados em seus quadros; existe atendimento noturno e em horário flexibilizado em, respectivamente, 14,29% e 44,64% dos centros; atendem predominantemente pacientes oriundos da classe baixa (92,73%); em sua grande maioria os profissionais não recebem gratificação por estarem trabalhando com especialidades: apenas 16,07% dos centros a encaminham para os CDs; 35,71% dos CDs também trabalham em equipe de Saúde Bucal da estratégia Saúde da Família. Em relação à média de pacientes atendidos, os do tipo I (64,71%) atendem até 20 pacientes por turno de 4 horas; os de tipo II atendem até 30 pacientes em 65,71% dos casos; e os da modalidade III de 31 a 70 pacientes. Das especialidades mínimas obrigatórias exigidas por portaria a maior parte da carga horária observada por CEO foi a seguinte: endodontia: entre 21-40h (47,92%); periodontia: entre 8-20h (63,83%); cirurgia oral menor: 20h (51,06%); estomatologia: 20h (50,00%) e pacientes especiais: 20h (45,24%). Em 57,14% dos centros existem gerentes que não exercem atividades clínicas e realizam apenas trabalho de gestão, e apenas 30,19% de pessoas que trabalham com gestão em saúde bucal participaram de algum curso sobre gerência de CEO. Em relação ao financiamento, apenas 4,40% dos CEO recebem uma contrapartida financeira encaminhada pelo gestor estadual. Considerando-se a referência intermunicipal, 52,73% não a realizam, enquanto 39,28% dos ambulatórios são referência para urgência e emergência odontológica. A forma em que a referência é realizada segue, em sua maioria (78,57%), a demanda de toda a rede de atenção básica. As ações especializadas em saúde bucal não eram executadas em 68.52% dos municípios até a implantação do CEO. A maioria atende os usuários em uma média de tempo de até 30 dias: endodontia (59,62%), periodontia (82,35%), cirurgia (92,16%), estomatologia (84,21%) e pacientes especiais (91,67%). Conclui-se que após uma primeira fase de sucesso da implantação da Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal na reorganização da atenção em saúde bucal no país, mais especificamente neste caso a atenção especializada em saúde bucal, é necessário, nesta segunda fase, um maior desenvolvimento e profissionalização da gestão em saúde bucal, tendo como instrumentos o monitoramento e avaliação dos serviços, para que a cada dia haja uma melhora das condições de saúde bucal da população brasileira.The aim of this study was to evaluate the specialized dental clinics (CEO), with a view to the institutionalization of monitoring and evaluation of specialized care in oral public health. This is a cross-sectional pilot study, which used part of the database of the descriptive study conducted by the Ministry of Health between 2008 and 2009. The study was approved by the Ethics in Research FOUSP. The data were organized and analyzed using STATA 10.0. Participated in the analysis 56 CEO located in 6 states: 30.36% of CEO type I, 62.5% of CEO type II and 7.14% of CEO type III; have an average of 9.07 dentists (CDs), 5.5 auxiliary oral health (ASB) and 0.9 technical oral health (TSB); in 64.29% of the CEO there are gazetted dentists; in their management is nighttime and flexible hours, respectively, in 14 29% and 44.64% of the centers; serving patients from predominantly low grade (92.73%); mostly professionals receive no bonus because they are working with expertise: only 16.07% of the centers to refer to CDs; 35.71% of the CDs also work in teams of Oral Health of the Family Health Strategy. In the average of patients treated, the type I (64.71%) attend to 20 patients per shift (4 hours), the type II serve 30 patients in 65.71% of the cases, and the mode III 31 to 70 patients. About the Specialties minimum required by ordinance, the majority of the workload observed by CEO was as follows: endodontics: between 21-40h (47.92%); periodontics: between 8-20h (63.83%); minor oral surgery: 20h (51.06%); dentistry: 20h (50.00%) and special patients: 20h (45.24%). In 57.14% of the centers managers are not engaged in clinical practice and perform only administrative work, and only 30.19% of people who work with management in oral health attended a course on management of CEO. In relation to funding, only 4.40% of the CEO receive a financial contribution referred by the state manager. Considering the inter-reference, 52.73% do not realize it, while 39.28% of the clinics are a reference to urgent and emergency dental care. The way in which reference is made attends, the majority (78.57%), the demand of the entire network of primary care. Shares expertise in oral health were not performed in 68.52% of the municipalities until the implementation of the CEO. Most serves users in an average time of 30 days: endodontics (59.62%), periodontics (82.35%), surgery (92.16%), dentistry (84.21%) and special patients ( 91.67%). We conclude that after an initial phase of successful implementation of the National Oral Health Policy in the reorganization of oral health care in Brazil, specifically in this case the specialized attention to oral health, is necessary in this second phase, the further development and \"professionalization\" of management in oral health, and the use of tools for monitoring and evaluation of services, so that each day might improve the oral health of the population
The use of third molar in the age estimation in Brazilians
No full textA estimativa de idade em indivíduos vivos ou mortos desempenha um importante papel das ciências forenses, pois pode ser requisitada para propósitos civis ou por razões criminais: desastres em massa, adoção, asilo, direitos civis ou imputabilidade penal, dentre outros. Os dentes desempenham um protagonismo neste contexto, pois são mais resistentes que os ossos em condições ambientais extremas e seu desenvolvimento dificilmente é afetado por fatores exógenos ou endógenos. Pelo fato dos terceiros molares (3ºM) serem os únicos ainda em desenvolvimento a partir dos 14 anos de idade, tornam-se úteis para determinar se um indivíduo atingiu a maioridade legal aos 18 anos de idade. As técnicas desenvolvidas na atualidade para estimativa de idade em pessoas vivas em sua maioria dependem de imagens radiográficas dos dentes, pois é um método não-invasivo e com potencial de conseguir amostras de banco de dados de clínicas radiológicas para estudos populacionais. Este estudo almejou verificar o método de Cameriere et al. (2008c) (MC) em brasileiros, no intuito de estabelecer parâmetros para discriminar se um indivíduo é maior ou menor de 18 anos de idade a partir do índice de maturidade do 3ºM (I3m); também teve como objetivo comparar a sensibilidade (SE) e a especificidade (ES) deste método com os estágios G e H do método desenvolvido por Demirjian et al. (1973) e adaptado por Mincer et al. (1993) (MD). A análise de 444 radiografias panorâmicas de indivíduos entre as idades de 14 a 22 anos resultou em, para o valor de corte do I3m<=0,08 (MC), uma SE de 77,4%, uma ES de 86,2% e uma probabilidade estimada (PE) corretamente de 87,8%. Para o MD foram encontrados, respectivamente para os estágios G e H, SE: 80,54% / 52,94%, ES: 85,27% / 95,54% e PE: 86,8% / 94,2%. Diferenças significativas de dimorfismo sexual, com mineralização mais precoce para o sexo masculino, foram encontradas apenas paras médias de idade pertencentes às faixas de I3M>=0,08 (MC) - à exceção da faixa [0,7, 0.9) - e aos estágios E e F (MD). O método é adequado para estimar a idade adulta para propósitos forenses em brasileiros, entretanto deve ser aplicado cuidadosa e criteriosamente. Recomenda-se uma combinação de diversos métodos disponíveis para aumentar sua acurácia, bem como o estabelecimento de diferentes parâmetros de probabilidade para determinar se uma pessoa é maior ou menor de 18 anos de idade, a depender dos diferentes requisitos legais, se civil ou criminal. Para brasileiros, o método atinge sua melhor performance com I3m<=0,13 (MC) ou estágio G (MD), parâmetros recomendados para considerar a maioridade legal para fins civis, administrativos e trabalhistas. Para fins criminais, recomenda-se o I3m<=0,05 (MC) ou estágio H (MD).The age estimation of living or dead individuals is an important part of forensic sciences because it can be used in various situations, including mass disasters, or for civil or criminal reasons, such as adoption, asylum, civil rights or criminal responsibility. Teeth play a major role in this context because they are more resistant than bones in extreme environmental conditions and their development is hardly affected by exogenous or endogenous factors. Because the third molars (3rdM) are still in development from the age of 14, they are useful for determining whether an individual has reached the legal age of 18 years. The techniques developed at present to estimate the age of living people mostly rely on radiographic images of teeth, because it is a non-invasive method and has potential to get samples database of clinical radiological for population studies. This study aims to verify the method of Cameriere et al. (2008) (CM) in Brazil to discriminate whether an individual is under or over 18 years from the maturity index of the 3rdM (I3m), as well as comparing the sensitivity (SE) and the specificity (SP) of this method with the G and H stages of the Demirjian et al. (1973) method (DM) modified by Mincer et al. (1993). The analysis of 444 panoramic radiographs resulted in a SE of 78.3%, a SP of 85.1% and a correct classification (CC) of 87%, for a cutoff value of I3m <= 0.08 as in original study. Significant differences in sexual dimorphism in the early mineralization of males were found only for the average age belonging to the bands I3m >= 0.08, except for the range [0.7, 0.9). For the MD were found, respectively, for the G and H stages - SE: 80.54% / 52.94%, SP: 85.27% / 95.54% and CC: 86.8% / 94.2%. The method is suitable for estimating adulthood for forensic purposes in Brazil, although it must be applied carefully and judiciously. We recommend a combination of several methods that are available to increase accuracy as well as the establishment of different parameters that are likely to determine whether a person is more or less than 18 years of age, depending on the different legal requirements, whether civil or criminal. For Brazilians, MC an MD achieve its best performance with I3m <= 0.13 or G stage, respectively, recommended parameters to consider the legal age for civil purposes. For criminal purposes, it is recommended I3m <= 0.05 (CM) or H stage (DM)
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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