1,050 research outputs found
Equity and efficiency preferences of health policy makers in China - a stated preference analysis
No full textBackground Macroeconomic growth in China enables significant progress in health care and public health. It faces difficult choices regarding access, quality and affordability, while dealing with the increasing burden of chronic diseases. Policymakers are pressured to make complex decisions while implementing health strategies. This study shows how this process could be structured and reports the specific equity and efficiency preferences among Chinese policymakers.Methods In total, 78 regional, provincial and national level policymakers with considerable experience participated in a discrete choice experiment, weighting the relative importance of six policy attributes describing equity and efficiency. Results from a conditional logistic model are presented for the six criteria, measuring the associated weights. Observed and unobserved heterogeneities were incorporated and tested in the model. Findings are used to give an example of ranking health interventions in relation to the present disease burden in China.Results In general, respondents showed strong preference for efficiency criteria i.e. total beneficiaries and cost-effectiveness as the most important attributes in decision making over equity criteria. Hence, priority interventions would be those conditions that are most prevalent in the country and cost least per health gain.Conclusion Although efficiency criteria override equity ones, major health threats in China would be targeted. Multicriteria decision analysis makes explicit important trade-offs between efficiency and equity, leading to explicit, transparent and rational policy makin
Health care priority setting in Norway a multicriteria decision analysis
No full textBackground
Priority setting in population health is increasingly based on explicitly formulated values. The Patients Rights Act of the Norwegian tax-based health service guaranties all citizens health care in case of a severe illness, a proven health benefit, and proportionality between need and treatment. This study compares the values of the country's health policy makers with these three official principles.
Methods
In total 34 policy makers participated in a discrete choice experiment, weighting the relative value of six policy criteria. We used multi-variate logistic regression with selection as dependent valuable to derive odds ratios for each criterion. Next, we constructed a composite league table - based on the sum score for the probability of selection - to rank potential interventions in five major disease areas.
Results
The group considered cost effectiveness, large individual benefits and severity of disease as the most important criteria in decision making. Priority interventions are those related to cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases. Less attractive interventions rank those related to mental health.
Conclusions
Norwegian policy makers' values are in agreement with principles formulated in national health laws. Multi-criteria decision approaches may provide a tool to support explicit allocation decisions
The External Dimension of EU Justice and Home Affairs: Tools, Processes, Outcomes
No full textThis working document offers a conceptual framework for understanding the processes underpinning the external dimension of EU Justice and Home Affairs (ED-JHA). Practically, it defines how the export of JHA principles and norms inform the geopolitical ambitions of the EU, i.e. the use of space for political purposes, or the control and management of people, objects and movement. The author begins by investigating how the ENP reconfigures the ED-JHA, and then goes on to discuss various conceptual stances on governance, specifically institutionalism, constructivism, and policy instruments. To conclude he traces the evolution of this external dimension, emphasising, whenever possible, its continuities and bifurcations. Overall, the aim is to ascertain the extent to which conceptual designs clarify or advance our knowledge of the contents and rationales of the ED-JHA.neighbourhood policy, international politics, geopolitics, migration,immigration, European security, policy instruments, governance, Security and Justice,Justice and Home Affairs
The External Dimension of EU Justice and Home Affairs: Tools, Processes, Outcomes. CEPS Working Document No. 303, September 2008
No full textThis working document offers a conceptual framework for understanding the processes underpinning the external dimension of EU Justice and Home Affairs (ED-JHA). Practically, it defines how the export of JHA principles and norms inform the geopolitical ambitions of the EU, i.e. the use of space for political purposes, or the control and management of people, objects and movement. The author begins by investigating how the ENP reconfigures the ED-JHA, and then goes on to discuss various conceptual stances on governance, specifically institutionalism, constructivism, and policy instruments. To conclude he traces the evolution of this external dimension, emphasising, whenever possible, its continuities and bifurcations. Overall, the aim is to ascertain the extent to which conceptual designs clarify or advance our knowledge of the contents and rationales of the ED-JHA
Guglielmo di Saint-Thierry: teologo dell’Eucaristia
No full textThe study is about the Eucharistic theology in the work of the medieval Cistercian theologian, William of Saint-Thierry Abbey. First, his general concept of the spirituality of monastic life is presented, which William based on the paradigm of the liturgical celebration which by sign (signum) refers to reality (res). Then, his concept of spiritual communion as inseparably connected with the sacramental communion is discussed. In this part of the study, William’s images appear as important factors for understanding his theology: a spiritual kiss as a way of touching the sacrament mystically, as well as an episode from the monastic life, showing the necessity of receiving the sacrament in a spiritual way so that it can be properly received in a physical one. In the third part of the study, the author attempts to summarize the Eucharistic theology of William of Saint-Thierry, which seems to contrast with the colloquial vision of medieval intellectualism, deprived of mysterious and spiritual elements. Wilhelm z Saint-Thierry: teolog EucharystiiOpracowanie dotyczy teologii eucharystycznej w twórczości średniowiecznego teologa cysterskiego, Wilhelma z opactwa Saint-Thierry. Po omówieniu ogólnej koncepcji duchowości życia monastycznego, którą Wilhelm oparł na paradygmacie celebracji liturgicznej, która przez znak (signum) odsyła do rzeczywistości (res), następuje prezentacja jego koncepcji Komunii duchowej jako nierozerwalnie związanej z Komunią sakramentalną. W tej części studium pojawiają się ważne dla zrozumienia teologii Wilhelma obrazy: pocałunek duchowy jako sposób dotykania sakramentu w sposób mistyczny, a także epizod z życia klasztornego, ukazujący konieczność przyjęcia sakramentu w sposób duchowy, aby móc właściwie przyjąć go na sposób fizyczny. W trzeciej części opracowania autor podejmuje próbę podsumowania teologii eucharystycznej Wilhelma z Saint-Thierry, która okazje się kontrastować z potoczną wizją średniowiecznego intelektualizmu sakramentalnego, wyzbytego pierwiastka misteryjnego i duchowego.
Contractual savings institutions and banks'stability and efficiency
No full textThe authors analyze the relationship between the development of contractual savings institutions and banks'efficiency, credit, and liquidity risks. They discuss the potential mechanisms through which the development of contractual savings institutions may affect the banking sector. They show that the development of contractual savings institutions has a significant impact on bank spreads and loan maturity. After controlling for banks'characteristics, macroeconomic factors, and more standard indicators of financial development, they show that the development of contractual savings institutions is associated with increased efficiency of the banking system and greater resilience to credit and liquidity risks.Payment Systems&Infrastructure,Banks&Banking Reform,Economic Theory&Research,Financial Intermediation,Insurance&Risk Mitigation,Contractual Savings,Banks&Banking Reform,Financial Intermediation,Economic Theory&Research,Insurance&Risk Mitigation
Just pretend i'm not here
No full textThis thesis was written as an exploration of fatherhood, loss, trauma, migration, and memory. It explores these topics through interconnected short stories.M.F.A.Includes bibliographical referencesby Noubissie Thierry Keho
L'économie de la cocaïne. Éléments d'analyse quantitative et qualitative
No full text[eng] Thierry Deffarges — The cocaine economy : Elements of a quantitative and qualitative analysis.. The cocaine economy is subject to imperfect and incomplete information due to its illegal nature. Besides, analyses of interactions between production and consumption are missing. The purpose of this article is thus methodological, empirical and theoretical. From a purely deductive method, the author seeks to assess the importance of cocaine supply and demand.
Amor ipse intellectus est in Guillermo de Saint Thierry
No full textWilliam of Saint Thierry, a theologian and mystic of the twelfth century, assures that only love can understand what God is. That is, God can be understandable in love with reason. This audacious interpretation, made by the author around the works of the Song of Songs, describe a decisive milestone for the homo Dei. This expresses that love is not something added to reason, but transforms the cognoscere into sapere and experiri, reaching the similarity with Him. Ultimately for the author love and knowledge are involved. In this sense, it is impossible to separate the affective element from the intellectual
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