879 research outputs found
The personal and national costs of lost labour force participation due to arthritis: an economic study
No full textArthritis is a common and costly health condition internationally. The direct medical costs of arthritis are significant, with the condition being the fourth most common reason for seeking general practitioner medical care. Treatment of arthritis in Australia cost around $4 billion (AU) in health system expenditure in 2004–05, the fourth largest cause of health expenditure in the country. However, this figure covers only the direct medical costs, and the indirect costs, are considered to be larger. Within Australia arthritis has been listed as a ‘National Health Priority Area’, and affects 15% of the population. By 2020 the prevalence of the condition is estimated to increase, with arthritis potentially affecting 35% of the Australian population. Arthritis can cause significant activity limitation, and is responsible for around 13% of the disability reported in Australia. Due to its impact on functional ability, arthritis is associated with decreased labour force participation rates. Within Australia the impact of arthritis on labour force participation among people in the pre-retirement age group of 45 to 64 years is significant – with people suffering from arthritis being 3 times more likely to be out of the labour force than those with no chronic health condition.Authors: Deborah J Schofield, Rupendra N Shrestha, Richard Percival, Megan E Passey, Emily J Callander and Simon J Kell
Measuring the economic impact of illness - a microsimulation approach to measuring the impacts on government and individuals
No full textThe Australian government’s economic policy is currently driven by the findings of the Intergenerational Report which found that ageing of the population, coupled with strong growth in health and disability support pension spending, would force the Australian Government unsustainably into deficit over the long term. One of the main solutions identified by the Australian Government as a central part of its strategy to manage the anticipated costs of population ageing has been to increase the labour force participation of older workers. However, high rates of chronic illness amongst the older working age population currently reduce the potential of this policy for managing long-term government budget balances and for improving the living standards of older Australians.In this paper, we describe a new approach within Australia to measure the relationship between illness and the economy.This paper was prepared for the 30th General Conference of The International Association for Research in Income and Wealth and was written by Deborah Schofield, Rupendra Shrestha, Richard Percival, Simon Kelly, Megan Passey and Arul Earnest
The Song of Deborah (Judges Chapter 5) : studies in the versions and the poetic account of the battle against Sisera
No full textA large part of this thesis consists of an
examination of Judges ch. 5 in the light of the
Versions, Rashi and Kimchi. In addition, the tribal
situation, religious cohesiveness of Israel, as well as
the historical context and date of the battle against
Sisera, are examined. The Song of Deborah presents a
unique situation in the period of the Judges in which
an alliance of many tribes participated in a concerted
action. These tribes are designated by the name
'Israel'. The God of Israel is known as Yahweh, Israel
is the people of Yahweh, and the religious unity of
Israel is based upon a common religious faith in
Yahweh. The Song does not represent Israel as a system
of twelve tribes or as having its cohesiveness in an
amphictyony. This historical battle against Sisera
depicted in the Song probably occurred at a time late
in the period of the Judges, at the end of the 12th
century B.C. or early in the 11th century B.C
Stephen Schofield
No full textTisseron analyses the multiple aspects of Schofield's recent soft-sculptures. The author notes their characteristic relationship with depth, links them to the preverbal experience of maternal touching, and examines the interface function of the materials. Artist's statement. Biographical notes. 11 bibl. ref
Health Models
No full textHealth is a relatively new application of microsimulation. Early microsimulation models were generally developed for tax-benefit applications. However, over the last decade or so the health applications of microsimulation to health and health policy have proliferated reflecting the complexity of human health and health policy and the significant size and growth of national health budgets. The main areas of development of health microsimulation applications have been in response to the priority questions of government how much do health policies cost, what are their rate of growth and how is their expenditure distributed, how does health differ at the regional level, and increasingly, does the health workforce match the need for health care? There has also been an increasing integration of health-related mortality modelling into dynamic models of longterm socio-economic and health trends. This chapter will summarise the development of microsimulation models and their applications to health published since the year 2000 covering four main applications: health expenditure, spatial analysis, mortality and the health workforce, concluding with a section on emerging applications and future developments..
Encountering a surprising response to cyberbullying among an immigrant community
No full textLynn Schofield Clark draws on her ethnographic research at a U.S. high school and reflects on the role of digital media in immigrant groups, online harassment and the opportunities provided by strong communities. Lynn is Professor and Chair in the Department of Media, Film, and Journalism Studies at the University of Denver. She is also the author of “The parent app: Understanding families in a digital age”, a book also recently reviewed on this blog
Mechanism and materialism: British natural philosophy in the age of reason
No full textRobert Schofield explores the rational elements of British experimental natural philosophy in the 18th century by tracing the influence of two opposing concepts of the nature of matter and its action-mechanism and materialism. Both concepts rested on the Newtonian interpretation of their proponents, although each developed more or less independently. By integrating the developments in all the areas of experimental natural philosophy, describing their connections and the influences of Continental science, natural theology, and to a lesser degree social and institutional changes, the author de
Arthritis and the risk of falling into poverty: a survival analysis using Australian data
No full textObjective: Low income is known to be associated with having arthritis. However, no longitudinal studies have documented the relationship between developing arthritis and falling into poverty. This paper focuses upon Australians who develop arthritis to determine if they have an elevated risk of falling into poverty.
Methods: Survival analysis using Cox regression models applied to nationally representative, longitudinal survey data between the years 2007 and 2012 for Australian adults aged 21 years and over.
Results: The hazard ratio for falling into income poverty for females who develop arthritis is 1.51 (95% CI: 1.50 – 1.53), and for males the hazard ratio for falling into income poverty is 1.22 (95% CI: 1.21 – 1.23), relative those who never developed arthritis. The hazard ratio for falling into multidimensional poverty for females who develop arthritis is 1.87 (95% CI: 1.84 – 1.90) and for males the hazard ratio is 1.29 (95% CI: 1.29 – 1.30).
Conclusion: Developing arthritis increases the risk of falling into income poverty and multidimensional poverty. The risk for income and multidimensional poverty is higher for females. Given the high prevalence of arthritis, the condition is an overlooked driver of poverty
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