423 research outputs found
Data
No full textData of the project described in the Proposal attached on this website.
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For the use of this data and/or theoretical model written consent from Magdalena Garzon Fonseca is required. The appropriate contribution of this author should be stated in any publication resulting from this data and/or theoretical mode
Mapping the Horizon of Transformative Peace
No full textThis article explores what it means for peace to be transformative and discusses what it takes for a peace project and its institutions to enable transformative peace. To address these questions the article offers a theoretical and conceptual approach and draws on< some examples from case studies, especially Colombia. The article deals with the resistance that transformative projects might face from the victims they are meant to benefit. It promotes an understanding of conflict and resistance as essential dimensions to bring about positive transformations in violent contexts. In so doing, the author shows that the possibilities offered by normative-based frameworks to build transformative peace are curtailed by principles such as neutrality and impartiality of international law. These principles have resulted in institutional gender and race blindness that precludes the possibilities of a peace project being transformative.Thus, she offers a debate on two aspects that might condition or enable transformative forms of peace: the temporalities of peacebuilding and the inclusion of dissensus. Building on this the author proposes an understanding of transformative peace as an orientation that has on its horizon people’s emancipation from structural oppressions. This understanding will allow peace institutions more realistic time-space scales and the opportunity to benefit from the difference and dissensus that the practice of peacemaking might have left aside.Sonia Garzon Ramirez holds a PhD in Comparative Gender Studies from the Central European University, Budapest (Hungary). From 2020 to 2022, Sonia was a Marie Skłodowska-Curie postdoctoral fellow at the Department of International Politics, Aberystwyth University (UK). In 2021, she was a visiting researcher at swisspeace with the Dealing with the Past (DwP) team. Her current research examines nonviolent resistance and contestation to peacebuilding. Sonia combines feminist theory, intersectionality and agonistic theory to investigate how dissensus participates in shaping peacebuilding and bringing about transformative peace
Some disagreements with Ernesto Garzon on Human Rights
No full textEl texto recoge la respuesta del autor del libro citado a las tres observaciones que Ernesto Garzón realizó en el prólogo del mismo. Las discrepancias giran en torno a la historicidad de las concepciones de los derechos humanos defendida por el autor y cuestionada por el prologuista; al modelo de organización internacional exigido por las teorías de los derechos humanos: una asociación de Estados democráticos o una institución internacional democrática e «intervencionista» en materia de derechos humanos; y a la relevancia moral del principio de dignidad humana que el autor circunscribe a fundamentar los derechos de la personalidad y de seguridad, mientras Garzón lo amplia a fundamentar una regulación jurídica moralmente aceptable.This text constitutes the answer of the author of the above quoted book to three comments about it formulated by Ernesto Garzón in its prologue. These comments referred to disagreements about the historicity of the human rights theories proposed by the author and criticised by Garzon; the pattern of international organization required by these human rights theories: an association of democratic States versus a democratic international institution which is «interventionist» in the field of human rights; and the moral relevance of the principle of human dignity which the author bases on identity and «rule of law» rights, while Garzon considers it to be more generally the basement of a morally acceptable legal order
Algunas discrepancias con Ernesto Garzón en materia de derechos humanos
No full textThis text constitutes the answer of the author of the above quoted book to three comments about it formulated by Ernesto Garzón in its prologue. These comments referred to disagreements about the historicity of the human rights theories proposed by the author and criticised by Garzon; the pattern of international organization required by these human rights theories: an association of democratic States versus a democratic international institution which is «interventionist» in the field of human rights; and the moral relevance of the principle of human dignity which the author bases on identity and «rule of law» rights, while Garzon considers it to be more generally the basement of a morally acceptable legal order.El texto recoge la respuesta del autor del libro citado a las tres observaciones que Ernesto Garzón realizó en el prólogo del mismo. Las discrepancias giran en torno a la historicidad de las concepciones de los derechos humanos defendida por el autor y cuestionada por el prologuista; al modelo de organización internacional exigido por las teorías de los derechos humanos: una asociación de Estados democráticos o una institución internacional democrática e «intervencionista» en materia de derechos humanos; y a la relevancia moral del principio de dignidad humana que el autor circunscribe a fundamentar los derechos de la personalidad y de seguridad, mientras Garzón lo amplia a fundamentar una regulación jurídica moralmente aceptable
First and second waves of SARS-COV-2 infection in the obstetric population
No full textFirst and second waves of SARS-COV-2 infection in the obstetric populatio
Gender Errors in Aphasia Reveal a Projection for Contextually Dependent Gender in Syntax
No full textEffectiveness of dry-fractionated pea protein concentrate to prepare gluten-free focaccia flatbread with optimal sensory, textural and nutritional profile
No full textThe aim of this work was to formulate a gluten-free focaccia flatbread fortified with pea protein concentrate (55 g/100
g protein content), and optimize its sensory and nutritional profile. Focaccia is a traditional Italian garnished flatbread,
widely appreciated throughout the entire country, prepared with wheat flour, vegetable oil, yeast and salt (Pasqualone
et al., 2022). This bakery product has not been formulated in a gluten-free version yet, despite the increased request of
gluten-free foods. Gluten-free bakery products are often characterized by a poorer nutritional composition compared to
the conventional counterpart, being rich in lipids and poor in proteins. Pulses are characterized by high content of proteins, fibers, micronutrients and phytochemicals. The pea protein concentrate was obtained by dry fractionation, a more
sustainable technology of protein enrichment compared to wet fractionation.
A simplex-centroid mixture design with seven formulations and three replicates helped to study how the flour ratios influenced the physical and sensory properties of dough and breads.
The special cubic model significantly described all the responses determined in the dough and flour mixes, and most of
those determined in the focaccia. The addition of pea protein concentrate led to an increase of water absorption index
(WAI) and a decrease of water solubility index (WSI), thus influencing the pasting properties of the flour mixes with a decrease of apparent viscosity, probably due to the starch dilution as the protein content increased. The midpoint of the
experimental domain (focaccia containing 5 g/100 g of pea protein concentrate and 40 g/100 g of a 50:50 blend of rice and
corn flours) appeared to be the optimal focaccia formulation (De Angelis et al., 2023) (Figure 1). This level of pea protein
concentrate, indeed, allowed to avoid the typical discolorations of pea. The color coordinates a* and b* accounted for 11.97
and 31.86, respectively, corresponding to a pale orange. Moreover, crumb hardness and chewiness accounted for 9.11 N
and 4.83 N, respectively, and legume odor and flavor were moderate (5.6 and 5.3 c.u. in a 0-9 scale, respectively).
The optimized focaccia could be labelled as “source of protein” (energy value provided by proteins >12%), “source of fiber”
(fiber >3 g/100g), and “low-fat” (fat <3 g/ 100 g)
An update on treatment options for interstitial cystitis
No full textInterstitial cystitis or bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a chronic pelvic pain syndrome related to the urinary bladder. The ideal treatment should match as much as possible with the pathophysiologic causes of the IC/BPS, but the scarcely available evidence limits this approach, with the majority of available treatments that are primarily targeted to the control of symptoms. The treatment strategies have traditionally focused on the bladder, which is considered the primary end-organ and source of pain. Nevertheless, the growing body of evidence suggests a multifaceted nature of the disease with systemic components. In general, guidelines recommend the personalized and progressive approach, that starts from the more conservative options and then advances toward more invasive and combined treatments. The behavioral changes represent the first and most conservative steps. They can be combined with oral medications or progressively with intravesical instillation of drugs, up to more invasive techniques in a combined way. Despite the multiple available options, the optimal treatment is not easy to be found. Only further investigation on the etiopathogenetic mechanisms, taking into account the differences among subgroups, and the interaction between central and peripherical factors may allow providing a real improvement in the treatment and management of these patients
Stigma and HIV in Health Professionals, Focus of an Educational Model Aimed at Reducing Stigma
No full textEl Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH) tiene una connotación muy importante desde el punto de vista en salud pública, desde inicio de la Epidemia se han registrado 42,3 millones de muertes relacionadas a VIH y para finales del 2023 se reportaron 39.9 millones de personas que viven con VIH (ONUSIDA, 2024), población que ha sido fuertemente estigmatizada desde los primeros casos reportados en 1981, lo que ha dificultado históricamente el abordaje de esta población. El estigma hacia los pacientes que viven con VIH, viene desde diferentes sectores y parte de este, emana desde los profesionales de la salud, lo que limita el acceso a los servicios de salud, diagnósticos tempranos y tratamientos oportunos. Estas conductas estigmatizantes están estrechamente relacionadas al desconocimiento de la fisiopatología, los mecanismos de transmisión y el abordaje del estigma en el personal sanitario. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue la implementación de una estrategia educativa con el fin de reducir el estigma en los profesionales de la salud.
Para la ejecución del proyecto se realiza un estudio de metodología mixta, compuesto por dos fases; en su primera fase se realizó la validación de contenido de un instrumento, utilizando la técnica de “acuerdo entre jueces”, donde se reportó un índice de validez de contenido (IVC) definido por Lawshe (1975) y ajustado por (Tristán, 2008) mayor de 0.58, lo que demuestra certeza en su validez, seguidamente se realiza validación de constructo, mediante un pilotaje aplicando el instrumento a 34 profesionales de la salud de un centro hospitalario de alta complejidad, donde se obtuvo un Coeficiente de Alfa de Cronbach inferior a 0.35 lo que infiere baja confiabilidad, posiblemente relacionado a la cantidad de preguntas incluidas. En su análisis descriptivo se continúa evidenciando conductas estigmatizante. Sin embargo, con menor frecuencia comparadas con la literatura. La segunda fase del estudios consiste en implementar la estrategia educativa con el propósito de reducir el estigma asociado al VIH.Especialista en Docencia UniversitariaEspecializaciónThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has a very important connotation from a public health point of view. Since the beginning of the epidemic, 42.3 million HIV-related deaths have been registered and by the end of 2023, 39.9 million people living with HIV were reported (UNAIDS, 2024), a population that has been strongly stigmatized since the first cases were reported in 1981, which has historically hindered the approach to this population. Stigma towards patients living with HIV comes from different sectors and part of it emanates from health professionals, which limits access to health services, early diagnosis and timely treatment. These stigmatizing behaviors are closely related to the lack of knowledge of the pathophysiology, transmission mechanisms and the approach to stigma among health personnel. The main objective of this study was the implementation of an educational strategy to reduce stigma among health professionals.
For the execution of the project, a mixed methodology study was carried out, consisting of two phases; in the first phase, the content validation of an instrument was carried out, using the technique of “agreement between judges”, where a content validity index (CVI) defined by Lawshe (1975) and adjusted by (Tristán, 2008) was reported to be greater than 0. 58, which demonstrates certainty in its validity, followed by construct validation, through a pilot test applying the instrument to 34 health professionals from a high complexity hospital center, where a Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient lower than 0.35 was obtained, which infers low reliability, possibly related to the number of questions included. In its descriptive analysis, stigmatizing behaviors continue to be evidenced. However, with less frequency compared to the literature. The second phase of the study consists of implementing the educational strategy with the purpose of reducing the stigma associated with HIV
Uterine artery closure at the origin versus at the uterus level in total laparoscopic hysterectomy: A randomized controlled trial
No full textIntroduction The transfusion rate in hysterectomies for benign pathology is almost 3%. However, despite the strong interest in reducing intraoperative bleeding, limited evidence is available regarding the technical aspects concerning uterine vessel management during a total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH). Uterine artery (UA) closure in TLH can be performed at the origin from the internal iliac artery or at the uterus level (UL). However, low-quality evidence is available regarding the superiority of one method over the other. Material and methods We performed a single-blind randomized (1:1) controlled trial (NCT04156932) between December 2019 and August 2020. One hundred and eighty women undergoing TLH for benign gynecological diseases were randomized to TLH with UA closure at the origin from the internal iliac artery (n = 90), performed at the beginning of the procedure by putting two clips per side at the origin, versus closure at the UL (n = 90). Intraoperative blood loss estimated from suction devices was the primary outcome. Secondary end points were perioperative outcomes, the conversion rate from one technique to the other, and complication rates with 4 months of follow up. Results Uterine artery closure at the origin was completed in all 90 patients (0%), whereas closure at the UL was converted to closure at the origin in 11 cases (12.2%; p < 0.001); failures were mainly associated with the presence of endometriosis (81.8% [9/11] versus 10.1% [8/79]; p < 0.001). In the intention-to-treat analysis, the intraoperative blood loss was higher in the group assigned to the closure at the UL (108.5 mL) than in the group with closure at the origin (69.3 mL); the mean difference was 39.2 mL (95% CI 13.47-64.93 mL; p = 0.003). Other perioperative outcomes and complications rates did not differ. Conclusions Uterine artery closure at the origin reduces intraoperative blood loss during a TLH and appears to be more reproducible than closure at the UL without higher complication rates. However, the absent translation in clinical benefits impedes the support of a clinical superiority in all women. Closure at the origin may provide clinical advantages in the presence of severe preoperative anemia or pelvic anatomic distortion
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