52 research outputs found
A camera trap survey of nocturnal mammals on former farmland in the eastern Free State Province, South Africa, 10 years after removing livestock
No full text<p>This archive contains the data and R scripts used for the following study:</p>
<p>Buschke, F.T.(unpublished). A camera trap survey of nocturnal mammals on former farmland in the eastern Free State Province, South Africa, 10 years after removing livestock</p>
<p>A written description of the research methodology can be obtained from the manuscript. Please consult the README.txt file for a detailed outline of all the files in this archive.</p>
<p>Any comments or inquiries can be directed to the author, Falko Buschke ([email protected])</p>
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Analysing the assemblage dispersion field
No full text<p>This archive contains the data and R scripts used for the following study:</p>
<p>Buschke, F.T., Brendonck, L. & Vanschoenwinkel (2015). Simple mechanistic models can partially explain local but not range-wide co-occurrence of African mammals. Global Ecology and Biogeography doi: 10.1111/geb.12316</p>
<p>Please be sure to read the README.txt file first, before attempting to use these data.</p>
<p>A written description of the research methodology can be obtained from the manuscript.</p>
<p>Any comments or inquiries can be directed to the lead author, Falko Buschke ([email protected])</p>
<p> </p
Neuropsychological tests for predicting cognitive decline in older adults
No full textAIM: To determine neuropsychological tests likely to predict cognitive decline.
METHODS: A sample of nonconverters (n = 106) was compared with those who declined in cognitive status (n = 24). Significant univariate logistic regression prediction models were used to create multivariate logistic regression models to predict decline based on initial neuropsychological testing.
RESULTS: Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (RCFT) Retention predicted conversion to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) while baseline Buschke Delay predicted conversion to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Due to group sample size differences, additional analyses were conducted using a subsample of demographically matched nonconverters. Analyses indicated RCFT Retention predicted conversion to MCI and AD, and Buschke Delay predicted conversion to AD.
CONCLUSION: Results suggest RCFT Retention and Buschke Delay may be useful in predicting cognitive decline
Effects of CI-933 on attention and memory in normal human volunteers
No full textThe effect of a new drug, CI-933, on attention and memory in twelve healthy normal volunteers was investigated. The subjects, seven males and five females, ranged in age from 40 to 71 and their level of education ranged from 12 to 18 years. They received placebo and three doses of CI-933 in a Latin square design so that the sequence of the drug was counterbalanced. Fifty minutes after Ingestion of the drug the subjects underwent neuropsychological testing. The test battery was comprised of the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test, the Seashore Rhythm, the Digit Cancellation, the Digit Span subtests from the WAIS-R, and the Buschke Selective Reminding Test. Multivariate analysis of the data using orthogonal polynomials to assess dose response yielded nonsignificant results.Psychology, Department o
Multiparametric Flow Cytometry Using Near-Infrared Fluorescent Proteins Engineered from Bacterial Phytochromes
No full textEngineering of fluorescent proteins (FPs) has followed a trend of achieving longer fluorescence wavelengths, with the ultimate goal of producing proteins with both excitation and emission in the near-infrared (NIR) region of the spectrum. Flow cytometers are now almost universally equipped with red lasers, and can now be equipped with NIR lasers as well. Most red-shifted FPs of the GFP-like family are maximally excited by orange lasers (590 to 610 nm) not commonly found on cytometers. This has changed with the development of the iRFP series of NIR FPs from the protein family of bacterial phytochromes. The shortest wavelength variants of this series, iRFP670 and iRFP682 showed maximal excitation with visible red lasers. The longer wavelength variants iRFP702, iRFP713 and iRFP720 could be optimally excited by NIR lasers ranging from 685 to 730 nm. Pairs of iRFPs could be detected simultaneously by using red and NIR lasers. Moreover, a novel spectral cytometry technique, which relies on spectral deconvolution rather than optical filters, allowed spectra of all five iRFPs to be analyzed simultaneously with no spectral overlap. Together, the combination of iRFPs with the advanced flow cytometry will allow to first image tissues expressing iRFPs deep in live animals and then quantify individual cell intensities and sort out the distinct primary cell subpopulations ex vivo.Peer reviewe
Novel Cognitive Paradigms for the Detection of Memory Impairment in Preclinical Alzheimer’s Disease
No full text In spite of advances in neuroimaging and other brain biomarkers to assess preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD), cognitive assessment has relied on traditional memory paradigms developed well over six decades ago. This has led to a growing concern about their effectiveness in the early diagnosis of AD which is essential to develop preventive and early targeted interventions before the occurrence of multisystem brain degeneration. We describe the development of novel tests that are more cognitively challenging, minimize variability in learning strategies, enhance initial acquisition and retrieval using cues, and exploit vulnerabilities in persons with incipient AD such as the susceptibility to proactive semantic interference, and failure to recover from proactive semantic interference. The advantages of various novel memory assessment paradigms are examined as well as how they compare with traditional neuropsychological assessments of memory. Finally, future directions for the development of more effective assessment paradigms are suggested. </jats:p
Hippocampal activation for autobiographical memories over the entire lifetime in healthy aged subjects: An fMRI study
No full textInternational audienceWe used functional magnetic resonance imaging to determine the cerebral structures required during the recollection of episodic autobiographical memories according to 5 time periods covering the whole lifespan to test the 2 concurring models of memory consolidation, which propose either a temporary (standard model) or a permanent (multiple-trace model) role of the hippocampus in episodic memory retrieval. The experimental paradigm was specially designed to engage subjects (67.17 +/- 5.22 years old) in the retrieval of episodic autobiographical memories, whatever the time period, from personally relevant cues selected by questioning a family member. Moreover, the nature of the memories was checked at debriefing by means of behavioral measures to control the degree of episodicity. Behavioral data showed that recollected memories were characterized by specificity and details whatever their remoteness. Main neuroimaging data (Statistical Parametric Mapping 99) revealed the activation of a network including the left superior frontal gyri, bilateral precuneus/posterior cingulate and lingual gyri, left angular gyrus, and left hippocampus, although the subtraction analyses detected subtle differences between certain time periods. Small volume correction centered on the hippocampus detected left hippocampal activation for all time periods and additional right hippocampal activation for the intermediate periods. Further confirmation was provided by using a 3-way analysis of variance on blood oxygen level-dependent values, which revealed hippocampal activation whatever the time interval. The present data challenge the standard model of memory consolidation and support the multiple-trace model, instead. The comparison with previous literature stresses the idea that a bilateral involvement of the hippocampus characterizes rich episodic autobiographical memory recollection
Nuchal fibroma associated with scleredema, diabetes mellitus and organic solvent exposure
No full textA case of scleredema diabeticorum of Buschke associated with nuchal fibroma and organic solvent exposure is reported. The patient presented with a neck mass causing discomfort and restriction of movement. Histological examination showed this to be a nuchal fibroma. Additionally, there was widespread induration of the skin of his trunk which was asymptomatic. A biopsy showed features of scleredema. This is the first reported association of these two conditions, both of which show increased and thickened collagen bundles without significant fibroblast proliferation. They differ by the occurrence of mucin in scleredema, although this is not always demonstrable, particularly in late lesions. The possibility that nuchal fibroma is an end stage, localized form of scleredema is canvassed. The patient's medical history included insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with complications of retinal vessel thrombosis and peripheral neuropathy. The patient also had significant past exposure to a wide variety of chemicals, including organic solvents
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