1,721,058 research outputs found
Wild speculations on the missing flight MH370: balancing online expression and content regulation in Malaysia / Mahyuddin Daud
Full text linkA recent incident on disappearance of Malaysia Airlines (MAS) flight MH370 has broken billion hearts of people around the world. Joint international investigations have confirmed that the flight has ended in the middle of South Indian Ocean. However, till the day this work is written, no sign of wreckage, dead bodies or any shred of evidence could be found to provide an answer thus inviting wild speculations to the incident. Wild speculations on plane hijacking, suicide, terrorism acts and more can easily be found online despite threats by the authorities not to speculate. In this regard, the author recalls the right to freedom of expression (FOE) - which has been long recognised by international treaties. Accordingly, FOE has been expanded to include online expressions. New technology allows Internet content to be created without the need for approval from an editor – like in print media. This could invite creation of problematic content (such as speculations on MH370) and often led to intermediary liability of webmasters and service providers. Therefore, this paper seeks to address on 3 significant points. Firstly, a brief problem statement on MH370 incident and surrounding legal risks caused by wild speculations shall be addressed. Secondly, the author will discuss current legal positions on digital right to FOE vis-a-vis Internet content regulation in Malaysia focusing on online speculations. Finally, the author will provide suggestions to balance between rights to digital expression and Internet content regulation with the view on minimising online risks to netizens
Wild speculations on the missing flight MH370: balancing online expression and content regulation in Malaysia
No full textA recent incident on the disappearance of Malaysia Airlines (MAS) flight MH370 has broken the hearts of
people around the world. Joint international investigations have confirmed that the flight ended in the middle
of the South Indian Ocean. However, till the day this work is written, no sign of wreckage, dead bodies or any
shred of evidence could be found to provide an answer, thus inviting wild speculations to the incident. Wild
speculations on plane hijacking, suicide, terrorism acts and more can easily be found online despite
warnings by the authorities not to speculate. In this regard, the author recalls the right to freedom of
expression (FOE) â which has been long recognised by international treaties. Accordingly, FOE has been
expanded to include online expressions. New technology allows Internet content to be created without the
need for approval from an editor â like in print media. This could invite the creation of problematic content
(such as speculations on MH370) and often leads to intermediary liability of webmasters and service
providers. Therefore, this paper seeks to address three significant points. Firstly, a brief problem statement
on the MH370 incident and surrounding legal risks caused by wild speculations shall be addressed.
Secondly, the author will discuss current legal positions on digital right to FOE vis-a-vis Internet content
regulation in Malaysia focusing on online speculations. Finally, the author will provide suggestions to balance
between rights to digital expression and Internet content regulation with the view on minimising online risks
to netizens
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Combating fake news online: exploring Australian co-regulatory framework for Malaysia
Full text linkIt has been witnessed that the booming of digital technologies had stimulated positive impact towards usage of social media. Although this has been fruitful to increase Internet penetration, social media has turned into a nesting ground to spread fake news that tarnishes national reputation. This research analyses legal framework on regulation of fake news online in Malaysia and selected jurisdictions. Three recent initiatives were highlighted, namely (1) introduction of a website – ‘Sebenarnya.my’ designed to verify authenticity of news; (2) emplacing liability on WhatsApp group administrator to monitor false content; and (3) enactment of the Anti-Fake News Act 2018. Through qualitative method, the research records key observations on how popular social media platforms designs necessary countermeasures to combat fake news and how far such technical initiatives correspond with existing legal frameworks. As part of recommendation, Australian co-regulation’s classification and filtering measures could be of reference to Malaysia in its effort to combat fake news online. In gearing towards a healthier, dynamic and progressive digital society, proactive measures taken must be balanced with constitutional right to freedom of expression within boundaries set by the laws
Revolutionising the senate in Malaysia : lessons from Australia and Canada
No full textSince its formation in 1959, the Senate has been seen as a less influential House of Parliament. Such perception
is not distinct for Malaysia but also commonly found elsewhere. The Senate was designed to enable individuals
with extensive professional experience to serve in legislature without contending in general election. It provides
balanced and bipartisan insights from House of Representatives through participation from federal, states and special interest groups. With its influence being questioned, Senate’s relevancy continues to be debated. This paper explores two issues. Firstly, it analyses the perception of Senate as an irrelevant House of Parliament
where Senators were accused for permitting political aspirations to take precedence above public interest. This
led to the second issue where Senate was not independent in exercising its roles. In exploring the above,
comparative analysis with Canada and Australia as potential models for benchmarking were made where
suggestions are proposed
Fake news in the Malaysian 14th General Election: shall the net be free forever?
Full text linkMalaysia had its 14th General Election on 9th May 2018 that resulted in a change of government from the Barisan Nasional (BN) who ruled since 1957’s independence to the Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition. Acknowledging the power that social media had in influencing voters, The Communications and Multimedia Act 1998 (CMA) was mobilised to hunt dissenters, where some cases resulted in successful prosecution. Despite the drastic move taken to enact the Anti-Fake News Act 2018 one month before the election, the previous government failed to convince the public that fake news was grave threats to society. Instead, the above initiative may have contributed to BN’s painful defeat against the inexperienced PH. After the election, PH faced similar issues of having to deal with a plethora of fake news online and the ‘gun’ had now turned towards them. The PH Ministers had difficult times correcting misstatements issued through social media which was flooded with sarcastic trolls, some of which may amount to illegal content. Through a qualitative method, this article assesses how social media influenced the landscape of 14th GE. Consequently, international and national legal frameworks have been developed to combat the dissemination of fake news online, as analysed in the second part of this paper. The third part further examines how popular social media platforms provide countermeasures in dealing with fake news and how far legal frameworks correspond to the practices of service providers. It is hypothesised that in time, the PH coalition should have turned towards censoring the internet as done by the previous BN government due to the emerging threat of online fake news all over the world
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