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Metrocoris latus Jehamalar & Dash 2021
No full textMetrocoris latus group Diagnosis. The venter of the body is black, except the mesosternum mediolaterally with a yellowish-brown mark facing downward (Figs. 4C), the black mark on the head and the thorax is broad (Figs. 4A, B), the abdomen sometimes posteriorly with a yellowish-brown hue (Figs. 4F, H); the flexor region of the fore femur of the male almost medially with a shallow notch; the proctiger of the male is almost circular (Fig. 4L); the pygophore is conical (Fig. 4M); the paramere is broad (Fig. 4N); the ventral sclerite is long (Fig. 4O). Species included. M. latus sp. nov. Distribution. India (NE).Published as part of Jehamalar, E. Eyarin & Dash, Swetapadma, 2021, Three new species of Metrocoris Mayr, 1865 (Heteroptera: Gerridae) from India and establishment of species groups, pp. 341-356 in Zootaxa 5082 (4) on pages 351-352, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5082.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/579270
Metrocoris monticola Tran & Polhemus 2017
No full textMetrocoris monticola group Diagnosis. The venter of the body is black, except the mesosternum is mediolaterally with a yellowish-brown mark, the abdomen is posteriorly yellow; the flexor region of the fore femur of male almost medially with a shallow notch; the proctiger of the male is subovate (Tran & Polhemus 2017, Fig. 109); the paramere is falciform (Tran & Polhemus 2017, Figs. 110, 111); the ventral sclerite is short (Tran & Polhemus 2017, Fig. 113). Included species: M. monticola Tran & Polhemus, 2017. Distribution. Vietnam.Published as part of Jehamalar, E. Eyarin & Dash, Swetapadma, 2021, Three new species of Metrocoris Mayr, 1865 (Heteroptera: Gerridae) from India and establishment of species groups, pp. 341-356 in Zootaxa 5082 (4) on page 355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5082.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/579270
FIGURES 4 in Three new species of Metrocoris Mayr, 1865 (Heteroptera: Gerridae) from India and establishment of species groups
No full textFIGURES 4. Metrocoris latus sp. nov., apterous form: A, male, dorsal view; B, female, dorsal view; C, female, ventral view; D, male, lateral view; E, male, abdominal tip, dorsal view; F, male, abdominal tip, ventral view; G, male, abdomen, lateral view; H, female, abdomen, ventral view; I, female, abdomen, dorsal view; J, male, abdomen, dorsal view; K, male, genital capsule, lateral view; L, male, proctiger, dorsal view; M, male, pygophore, dorsal view; N, male, paramere, lateral view; O, male, endosoma, lateral view.Published as part of Jehamalar, E. Eyarin & Dash, Swetapadma, 2021, Three new species of Metrocoris Mayr, 1865 (Heteroptera: Gerridae) from India and establishment of species groups, pp. 341-356 in Zootaxa 5082 (4) on page 354, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5082.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/579270
Metrocoris compar
No full textMetrocoris compar group Diagnosis: The venter of the body is black, except the mesosternum mediolaterally with a yellowish-brown mark directed anteriorly and posteriorly (Fig. 1C), the posterior region of the abdominal venter yellowish-brown (Figs. 1C, F); the male fore femur is slender, the flexor region almost medially with a small notch and mostly with a few setae basally; the hind coxa and the hind trochanter of the female sometimes with a setal fringe (Fig. 1I), the flexor region of the hind femur of the female basally or sub-basally rarely with an indistinct setal fringe; the proctiger of the male is elongate, widened before the middle (Fig. 1L); the paramere is falciform, the apex is mostly modified; the proximal region of the dorsal sclerite of the endosoma with a reflex angled process, the ventral sclerite of the endosoma not surpassing the level of the lateral sclerite in lateral view (Fig. 1R); the sternum VII of the female is constricted laterally and is completely covering the genital segments (Figs. 1H, I). Included species: Metrocoris compar, M. darjeelingensis Basu, Polhemus & Subramanian, 2016, M. hirtus Chen & Nieser, 1993, M. pardus Zettel, 2011, M. sapa Tran & Polhemus, 2017 and M. schillhammeri Chen, 1995. Distribution. Bhutan, China (SW), India (N, NE), Malaysia, Vietnam.Published as part of Jehamalar, E. Eyarin & Dash, Swetapadma, 2021, Three new species of Metrocoris Mayr, 1865 (Heteroptera: Gerridae) from India and establishment of species groups, pp. 341-356 in Zootaxa 5082 (4) on page 342, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5082.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/579270
Metrocoris coxalis Chen & Nieser 1993
No full textMetrocoris coxalis group Diagnosis. The venter of body black, except the mesosternum mediolaterally with a yellowish-brown mark on each side directed anteriorly and posteriorly (Figs. 2C, 3B), the posterior region of the abdominal venter yellowish-brown (Figs. 2C, F, H, 3B, G, I); the male fore femur is slender, the flexor region almost medially with a small notch and mostly with a few setae basally (see Tran and Polhemus 2017, Fig. 100); the hind coxa or both the hind coxa and the hind trochanter with a slender process or the hind trochanter is slightly produced in female (Figs. 2B, I, 3C, J; Chen & Nieser 1993 b, Fig. 204; Tran & Polhemus 2017, Fig. 106), the flexor region of the hind femur basally or sub-basally usually with a fringe of setae in the female (Figs. 2I, 3J; Tran & Polhemus 2017, Fig. 106); the proctiger of the male is sub-ovate, mediolaterally widened (Figs. 2L, 3L); the paramere is falciform, the dorsal region nearly middle is slightly raised usually with some setae (Figs. 2N, 3N; Chen & Nieser 1993 b, Figs. 193, 194; Tran & Polhemus 2017, Figs. 101, 102); the proximal region of the dorsal sclerite with a reflex angled process, the ventral sclerite of endosoma is long, surpassing well beyond the level of the lateral sclerite in the lateral view (Fig. 2O, Chen & Nieser 1993 b, Fig. 200, Tran & Polhemus 2017, Fig. 104); the sternum VII of the female is constricted laterally and is completely covering the genital segments (Figs. 2H, 3I; Tran & Polhemus 2017, Fig. 107). Included species. M. coxalis Chen & Nieser, M. issaci sp. nov., M. josephi sp. nov. and M. nigriventris Tran & Polhemus. Distribution. India (NE), Myanmar, Vietnam.Published as part of Jehamalar, E. Eyarin & Dash, Swetapadma, 2021, Three new species of Metrocoris Mayr, 1865 (Heteroptera: Gerridae) from India and establishment of species groups, pp. 341-356 in Zootaxa 5082 (4) on pages 345-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5082.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/579270
Metrocoris nepalensis Distant 1910
No full textMetrocoris nepalensis group Diagnosis. The venter of the meso- and metasterna is black, the anteromedian region of the mesosternum sometimes with a yellow mark; the sublateral black stripes of the mesonotum are very broad (Chen & Nieser 1993a, Fig. 11); the male fore femur is slender, the flexor region medially without notch but apically with a small depression (Chen & Nieser 1993 b, Fig. 180); the paramere is falciform (Chen & Nieser 1993 b, Fig. 191); the ventral sclerite of the endosoma is surpassing well beyond the dorsal sclerite in lateral view (den Boer 1965, Fig. 35); the sternum VII of the female is constricted laterally and is completely covering the genital segments. Included Species: Metrocoris nepalensis and M. sikkimensis Basu, Chandra and Venkatesan, 2018. Distribution. Bhutan, India (N, NE), Nepal. Remarks. Chen & Nieser 1993 b noted that the lateral sclerites are indistinct and in the illustration of the endosoma of M. nepalensis the first pair of the lateral sclerites are missing and a small accessory sclerite is present (Chen & Nieser 1993 b, Fig. 199); however, both the pairs of the endosomal sclerites are present and the apical accessary sclerite is absent as per den Boer (1965) (see Figs. 34, 35). So a careful study of type materials or materials from type locality would help in the better understanding of the characteristics of M. nepalensis. The correct spelling of the place ‘Soondrijal’ mentioned in den Boer 1965 is Sundarijal located in the Kathmandu District of Nepal.Published as part of Jehamalar, E. Eyarin & Dash, Swetapadma, 2021, Three new species of Metrocoris Mayr, 1865 (Heteroptera: Gerridae) from India and establishment of species groups, pp. 341-356 in Zootaxa 5082 (4) on page 355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5082.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/579270
Metrocoris josephi Jehamalar & Dash 2021, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Metrocoris josephi</i> sp. nov. <p>(Figs. 3A–O)</p> <p> <b>Material examined:</b> <b>Holotype</b> (mac-da ♂): <b>INDIA,</b> MEGHALAYA, <b>West Garo Hills District,</b> Tura Peak, Rongkan River, 653 m, 25.50697° N, 90.23328° E, 12.vi.2016, Coll. E.E. Jehamalar. <b>Paratypes.</b> 1 mac. ♂, 1 apt. ♀, same locality data as for holotype, Coll. E.E. Jehamalar.</p> <p> <b>Repository.</b> The type specimens are deposited in the CEL, ZSI, New Alipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Holotype Reg. No. 11561/H15 and paratypes Reg. No. 11562/H15.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> <i>Metrocoris josephi</i> is named after the first author’s oldest brother Mr. E. Joseph Veera Singh, who accompanied the first author to Garo Hills, Meghalaya, for field work.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> The new species can easily be identified by the presence of medium-sized processes clothed with long setae on the coxa and the trochanter of the hind leg of the female (Figs. 3C, J); the coxal process is reached only up to the subbasal region of the trochanter; the subapicodorsal region of the male paramere with a shallow notch and laterally with two short narrow longitudinal depression (Fig. 3N).</p> <p> <b>Description. Macropterous dealated male</b> (holotype): (Figs. 3E–H, K–O). Body length 5.07 (4.74–5.07, up to tip of hemelytra 6.26), body width at mesoacetabula 2.30 (2.18–2.30).</p> <p> <i>Colour</i>. Dorsum of body black with yellowish-brown marks; broad black mark on head slightly wider posteriorly and not bifid posteriorly (in macropterous male and apterous female with three black spots (Figs. 3A, C), differ from holotype), posterosublaterally indistinctly connected with black mark near eyes; antenna and legs dark-brown to black; antennal tubercle black; base of first antennal segment yellowish-brown (Fig. 3E); rostrum dark-brown to black, except lateral region of first to third segments yellowish-brown; proacetabulum black; pronotum with Tshaped black mark, sublateral mark broad curved downwards, extended laterally and connected to lateral mark of posterior pronotal lobe (Fig. 3E); small area near anterolateral region of pronotum below eye yellowish-brown; fore femur dorsally and ventrally with broad black stripe connected to apical black ring, extensor region yellowish-brown; sublateral black marks of posterior lobe of pronotum connected to median black mark anteriorly (not or indistinctly connected in macropterous male, Fig. 3A); mesopleural black mark not connected anteriorly and posteriorly with transverse black marks (Fig. 3E); mesopleural yellowish-brown mark reaches up to sublateral region of mesosternum medially, apex extended anteriorly and posteriorly; yellowish-brown mark on metacetabulum uninterrupted (Fig. 3F); pro-, meso- and metaacetabular regions with a stripe of silvery-white setae; area above base of metacetabular region with a small yellowish-brown mark; thoracic venter black, except mesosternal yellowish-brown mark on mediolateral region and yellow mark on omphalium surrounding area of metanotum; coxa and trochanter of all legs yellowish-brown; mid femur with long thin brown stripe; lateral and posterior margins of tergum VIII yellowishbrown (Fig. 3F); venter of abdomen black, except from apical half of sternum VI to apex yellowish-brown, except sternum VII basally and posterior region of pygophore dark-brown to black.</p> <p> <i>Structural characteristics.</i> Eyes covering anterior 1/3 of propleura (Fig. 3E); antenna without any characteristic setae; sixth abdominal sternum to abdominal tip clothed with yellowish-brown setae (Fig. 3G); pygophore laterally with long yellowish-brown setae (Fig. 3M); head laterally with two long black setae in front of eyes; eye width less than posterior eye width. Pleural region of prothorax posteriorly with some long black setae; fore femur slender, basally with four long setae, almost medially with shallow notch; mid femur longer than hind femur; sternum VII distinctly longer than combined length of sterna V and VI; posterior margin of sternum VII concave (Fig. 3G). <b>Terminalia:</b> Tergum VIII large, slightly concaved posteriorly, fringed with small setae laterally and posteriorly with medium-sized brown setae and pronounced posterolaterally; basomedian region of sternum VIII smoothly raised and slightly depressed sublaterally; lateral margin of sternum VIII parallel-sided; sternum VIII distinctly longer than sternum VII; proctiger subovate (Fig. 3L), slightly visible from above (Fig. 3F); pygophore posteriorly convex with fringe of medium-sized setae, posterolaterally fringed with long setae (Fig. 3M); paramere falciform, apicodorsally with a shallow notch and laterally with two short narrow longitudinal depression, nearly middle slightly raised with few long and short setae, (Fig. 3N), slightly visible from outside of genital segments (Fig. 3H). Endosoma in lateral aspect: proximal region of dorsal sclerite inwardly curved, with short reflex angled process; dorsal sclerite concaved medially; accessory apical sclerite indistinct; accessory dorsal sclerite thin; lateral sclerite proximally slightly bend upwards, with blunt tip; ventral sclerite very long (Fig. 3O).</p> <p> <b>Measurements.</b> Head length 0.70, width 1.38; eye length 0.59, width 0.33, posterior eye width 0.35; synthlipsis 0.57; lengths of antennomeres I–IV 2.03, 0.82, 0.76, 0.60. Pronotal lobe length 3.18, width at humeral angle 2.19; mesosternal length 2.00; metasternal length 0.13. Lengths of leg segments: foreleg: femur 2.06, tibia 1.77, tarsomeres I–II 0.12, 0.64; mid leg: femur 5.48, tibia 3.81, tarsomeres I–II 1.89, 0.36; hind leg: femur 5.44, tibia 2.57, tarsomeres I–II 0.27, 0.39; widths of fore, mid, hind femora 0.34, 0.26, 0.16. Length from pronotal lobe tip to abdominal tip 1.18; length of abdominal sternum 1.66; lengths of abdominal sterna II–VIII 0.09, 0.08, 0.09, 0.09, 0.10, 0.31, 0.48; pygophore length 0.43; combined length of abdominal sterna V–VI 0.18; width of abdominal tergum VIII 0.65.</p> <p> <b>Apterous female</b> (paratype): (Figs. 3C, D, I, J). Body length 4.22, body width at mesoacetabula 2.19.</p> <p> <i>Colour</i>. Appendages and venter of body similar to macropterous male. Dorsum of body yellowish-brown with black marks; interocular region with three black marks, anteromedian mark long and two small and circular lateral posterior marks (Fig. 3C), lateral marks indistinctly connected to black mark near eyes (Fig. 3D); proacetabulum black; pronotum with T-shaped black mark, sublateral mark medium-sized and not or indistinctly connected to lateral mark of mesonotum (Fig. 3D); small area near anterolateral region of pronotum below eye yellowish-brown; mesonotal longitudinal black marks narrower than adjacent yellowish-brown marks (Fig. 3C), lateral black marks thin, medial and lateral dark marks connected to horizontal black marks anteriorly and posteriorly, sublateral black mark of mesonotum not connected posteriorly to black mark between meso- and metanota, sublateral black mark anterior half narrow and abruptly widened posteriorly; mesopleural black mark anteriorly connected with transverse black mark between propleura and mesopleura, posteriorly not connected with black mark of mesoacetabulum (Fig. 3D); mesopleural yellowish-brown mark reaches up to sublateral region of mesosternum medially, apex extended anteriorly and posteriorly; yellowish-brown mark on metacetabulum uninterrupted; area above base of metacetabular region with a small yellowish-brown mark; dorsum of abdomen black, except two stripes on tergum I, connexival segment VII, posteromedian region of tergum VII and whole tergum VIII yellowish-brown.</p> <p> <i>Structural characteristics.</i> Similar to macropterous male, except for the following characteristics: body clothed with small black adpressed setae; eyes covering anterior almost 1/2 of propleura (Fig. 3D); eye width less than posterior eye width; hind coxa and trochanter with medium-sized processes clothed with long setae, coxal process longer than process of trochanter; coxal process reached only up to subbasal region of trochanter (Figs. 3C, J); setae of coxal process curved; flexor region of hind femur basally with short setal fringe (Fig. 3J); genital segments completely concealed under sternum VII (Figs. 3I, J); sternum VII laterally constricted and posteriorly narrow (Fig. 3I); abdomen short, not surpassing apex of hind coxa (Figs. 3C, I, J).</p> <p> <b>Measurements.</b> Head length 0.61, width 1.34; eye length 0.57, width 0.28, posterior eye width 0.33; synthlipsis 0.54; lengths of antennomeres I–IV 1.69, 0.78, 0.81, 0.65. Pronotal length 0.42, width 1.41; combined length of meso- and metanota 1.88; mesosternal length 1.85; metasternal length 0.12. Lengths of leg segments: foreleg: femur 1.89, tibia 1.62, tarsomeres I–II 0.15, 0.59; mid leg: femur 5.31, tibia 3.73, tarsomeres I–II 1.98, 0.30; hind leg: femur 5.29, tibia 2.76, tarsomeres I–II 0.29, 0.39; widths of fore, mid, hind femora 0.29, 0.23, 0.16; lateral length of hind coxal process 0.17; lateral length of hind trochanter process 0.09. Length of abdominal tergum 1.21; length of abdominal sternum 0.91; lengths of abdominal sterna II–VII 0.09, 0.07, 0.05, 0.05, 0.11, 0.54; combined length of abdominal sterna II–VI 0.37; combined length of abdominal sterna V–VI 0.16; length of tergum VII 0.11.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Presently known only from West Garo Hills, Meghalaya, India.</p> <p> <b>Comparative notes.</b> See the comparative notes under <i>M. issaci</i> <b>sp. nov.</b></p>Published as part of <i>Jehamalar, E. Eyarin & Dash, Swetapadma, 2021, Three new species of Metrocoris Mayr, 1865 (Heteroptera: Gerridae) from India and establishment of species groups, pp. 341-356 in Zootaxa 5082 (4)</i> on pages 349-351, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5082.4.3, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5792709">http://zenodo.org/record/5792709</a>
Identificación de fuentes de ruido y riesgos de alarma en las UCI. Herramientas para minimizarlos
Full text linkICU of a hospital is considered to be one of the most stressful and psychologically taxing working places because of the congregation of critically ill and severely injured patients. Patients with any life-threatening illnesses are admitted to the intensive care unit. ICU is a place where sophisticated equipment and machinery necessary to supervise and care for a seriously ill patient are strung together to meet the treatment needs of patients without the possibility of neglecting them. Part of the ICU architecture is medical device alarms. Clinical devices and other appliances sound hundreds of alarms per patient per day, creating a dissonance that can overwhelm, distract, and desensitize health care workers as well as patients. The hazards related to excessive noise and clinical alarms were conceived as a project when it was observed that the stress level of patients and care givers increased due to the noise coming out of these alarm systems. A study undertaken in one of the multispecialty Hospitals in Bhubaneswar to find out the possible sources of stress revealed that noise from alarms and other sources were proving to be a source of a hindrance for effective communication and contributing to patients’ stress. The results of our study indicate that behavioral modification alone is not adequate to control excessive noise. There is a need for further research involving the supportive involvement by clinicians, nurses, and paramedic and support staffs, along with effective medical device alarm management, and continuous process improvement methods and training.La UCI de un hospital se considera uno de los lugares de trabajo más estresantes y psicológicamente agotadores debido a la congregación de pacientes en estado crítico o graves. La UCI es un lugar donde se reúnen los sofisticados equipos y maquinaria necesarios para supervisar y atender a un paciente gravemente enfermo, con el fin de satisfacer las necesidades de tratamiento de los pacientes sin posibilidad de descuidarlos. Parte de la arquitectura de la UCI son las alarmas de los dispositivos médicos. Los dispositivos clínicos y otros aparatos hacen sonar cientos de alarmas por paciente y día, creando una disonancia que puede abrumar, distraer e insensibilizar tanto a los trabajadores sanitarios como a los pacientes. Los peligros relacionados con el ruido excesivo y las alarmas clínicas se concibieron como proyecto cuando se observó que el nivel de estrés de pacientes y cuidadores aumentaba debido al ruido que emitían estos sistemas de alarma. Un estudio realizado en uno de los hospitales de Bhubaneswar para averiguar las posibles fuentes de estrés reveló que el ruido de las alarmas y otras fuentes obstaculizaba la comunicación eficaz y contribuía al estrés de los pacientes. Los resultados de nuestro estudio indican que la modificación del comportamiento por sí sola no es adecuada para controlar el ruido excesivo. Es necesario seguir investigando con la participación de médicos, enfermeras y personal paramédico y de apoyo, y una gestión eficaz de las alarmas de los dispositivos médicos y métodos y formación para la mejora continua de los procesos
Metrocoris latus Jehamalar & Dash 2021, sp. nov.
No full textMetrocoris latus sp. nov. (Figs. 4A–O) Material examined. Holotype (apterous ♂): INDIA, MEGHALAYA, East Khasi Hills District, Khrang Village, Wahkwar River, 1326 m a.s.l., 25.32889° N, 91.79° E, 2.iii.2016, Coll. E.E. Jehamalar. Paratypes. 3 apt. ♂, 4 apt. ♀, 4 nymphs, same locality data as for holotype, Coll. E.E. Jehamalar. West Khasi Hills District, Porshieh Village, Rynniaw River, 926 m a.s.l., 25.65593° N, 91.06687° E, 16.iii.2018, 1 apt. ♂, Coll. E.E. Jehamalar. Repository. The type specimens are deposited in the CEL, ZSI, New Alipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Holotype Reg. No. 11563/H15 and paratypes Reg. No. 11564/H15–11565/H15. Etymology. The word “latus” is a Latin adjective which means broad, referring to the very broad male paramere of this species. Diagnosis. Metrocoris latus sp. nov. can be identified by the presence of a broad paramere (Fig. 4N) and the posteriorly concave, conical pygophore of the male (Fig. 4M); the hind trochanter of the female is posteriorly with a short sparse fringe of setae; the flexor region of the hind femur basally slightly expanded in the female; the mesopleural black stripe is not connected posteriorly with the mesoacetabular black mark and is anteriorly indistinctly connected with the transverse black mark and rarely not connected with the anterior black mark (Fig. 4D); the mesopleural yellowish-brown mark reaches up to the sublateral region of the mesosternum medially, the apex extended only posteriorly (Fig. 4C). Description. Apterous male (holotype): (Figs. 4A, D–G, J–O). Body length 5.22 (4.12–5.22, n=5), body width at mesoacetabula 2.38 (1.87–2.46, n=5). Colour. Dorsum of body black with yellowish-brown marks; broad black mark on head posterosublaterally connected with black mark near eyes (Figs. 4A, D); median black mark on head slightly bifid posteriorly; antenna and legs dark-brown to black; antennal tubercle black, base of first antennal segment yellowish-brown; rostrum dark-brown to black, except lateral region of first to third segments yellowish-brown; proacetabulum black; pronotum with T-shaped black mark, sublateral mark broad curved downwards, extended laterally and connected to lateral mark of mesonotum (Fig. 4D); small area near anterolateral region of pronotum below eye yellowish-brown, rarely visible; fore femur dorsally and ventrally with broad black stripe connected to apical black ring, extensor region yellowish-brown; mesonotal longitudinal medial and lateral dark marks connected to horizontal black marks anteriorly and posteriorly, sublateral black mark of mesonotum broader than adjacent yellowish-brown mark, not connected posteriorly to black mark between meso- and metanota (Fig. 4A); mesopleural black mark anteriorly connected with transverse black mark between propleura and mesopleura, but rarely not connected, posteriorly not connected with black mark of mesoacetabulum (Fig. 4D); mesopleural yellowish-brown mark reaches up to sublateral region of mesosternum medially, curl apically; yellowish-brown mark of metanotum linear than black mark between meso- and metanota; yellowish-brown mark on metacetabulum uninterrupted (Fig. 4J); area above base of metacetabular region with a small yellowish-brown mark; venter of body black, except mesosternal mark and apical region of abdomen, yellowish-brown; coxa and trochanter of all legs yellowish-brown, except mesolateral region with black mark; mid femur dorsally with long thin brown stripe; area surrounding omphalium reddish brown; dorsum of abdomen black, except posterolateral and apical region of connexivum, transverse mark on tergum VII and borders of tergum VIII yellowish-brown (Fig. 4J); venter of abdomen black, except posterior half of sterna VI and VII yellowish-brown; sternum VIII yellowish-brown, except anteromedially dark-brown to black. Structural characteristics. Body clothed with small black adpressed irregularly arranged setae; venter of body covered with short silvery-white setae; eyes covering anterior 2/5 of propleura (Fig. 4D); antenna without characteristic setae; head laterally with four long black setae infront of eyes; eye width smaller than posterior eye width. Pleural region of prothorax posteriorly with few long black setae; fore femur slender, basally with three to four long setae, almost medially with shallow notch; mid femur slightly shorter than hind femur; anteromedian region of mesosternum densely clothed with long setae, prominent in lateral view; mesal region of meso- and metacetabula with thin stripe of short adpressed silvery-white setae. Abdominal terga I–VII and connexivum clothed with short silvery-white to golden setae; sternum VII longer than combined length of sterna V and VI; posterior margin of sternum VII concaved (Fig. 4F). Terminalia: Tergum VIII large, length and width subequal, posteriorly fringed with long brown setae, setal length reduced medially (Figs. 4E, J); basomedian region of sternum VIII depressed and constricted laterally, lateral margin of sternum VIII convex (Fig. 4F); sternum VIII slightly shorter than sternum VII; proctiger almost circular (Fig. 4L), not visible from above; pygophore conical, posteriorly concaved (Fig. 4M), pygophore mediolaterally shiny, lateral region with upwardly directed setae (Figs. 4F, M); paramere short, apically broad and blunt, sub-reniform, with short sparse setae (Fig. 4N), slightly visible from outside of genital segments (Fig. 4E). Endosoma in lateral aspect: proximal region of dorsal sclerite inwardly curved, with short reflex angled process; dorsal sclerite straight medially; accessory apical sclerite absent; accessory dorsal sclerite thin; basal sclerite not crossing lateral sclerite anteriorly; lateral sclerite proximally slightly bend upwards, with angulate tip; ventral sclerite very long (Fig. 4O). Measurements. Head length 0.54, width 1.49; eye length 0.62, width 0.29, posterior eye width 0.40; synthlipsis 0.63; lengths of antennomeres I–IV 2.26, 0.88, 0.65, 0.71. Pronotal length 0.62, width 1.62; combined length of meso- and metanota 1.72; mesosternal length 2.01; metasternal length 0.14. Lengths of leg segments: foreleg: femur 2.32, tibia 1.96, tarsomeres I–II 0.14, 0.56; mid leg: femur 6.10, tibia 4.38, tarsomeres I–II 2.30, 0.38; hind leg: femur 6.33, tibia 2.97, tarsomeres I–II 0.33, 0.40; widths of fore, mid, hind femora 0.37, 0.26, 0.17. Length of abdominal tergum 2.30; length of abdominal sternum 1.72; lengths of abdominal sterna II–VIII 0.03, 0.07, 0.06, 0.08, 0.11, 0.31, 0.29; pygophore length 0.76; combined length of abdominal sterna V–VI 0.20; length of abdominal tergum VIII 0.91, width 0.92. Apterous female (paratypes):(Figs.4B, C, H,I). Body length 3.65 (3.65–4.50, n=4),body width at mesoacetabula 2.15 (2.15–2.60, n=4). Colour. Similar to apterous male, except for the following characteristics: small area near anterolateral region of pronotum below eye yellowish-brown, visible; dorsum of abdomen black, except tergum VII with yellowish-brown transverse stripe (Fig. 4I); abdominal sterna IV–VII apically with yellowish-brown transverse mark, thickness of the mark gradually increased from sterna IV–VII; sternum VII with median longitudinal dark-brown to black hue (Figs. 4C, H). Structural characteristics. Similar to apterous male, except for the following characteristics: genital segments completely concealed under sternum VII (Figs. 4C, H); sternum VII almost semicircular, slightly constricted laterally along midway; abdomen short, not reaching apex of hind coxa (Figs. 4B, C, H, I); hind coxa and trochanter not modified, except hind trochanter clothed with short black setae, pronounced apically. Measurements. Head length 0.61, width 1.19; eye length 0.51, width 0.27, posterior eye width 0.30; synthlipsis 0.50; lengths of antennomeres I–IV 1.56, 0.68, 0.70, 0.61. Pronotal length 0.37, width 1.26; combined length of meso- and metanota 1.70; mesosternal length 1.87; metasternal length 0.09. Lengths of leg segments: foreleg: femur 1.72, tibia 1.40, tarsomeres I–II 0.09, 0.54; mid leg: femur 5.56, tibia 4.19, tarsomeres I–II 2.18, 0.38; hind leg: femur 5.69, tibia 2.78, tarsomeres I–II 0.35, 0.40; widths of fore, mid, hind femora 0.23, 0.25, 0.17. Length of abdominal tergum 1.05; length of abdominal sternum 0.88; lengths of abdominal sterna II–VII 0.09, 0.07, 0.07, 0.08, 0.13, 0.44; combined length of abdominal sterna II–VI 0.44; combined length of abdominal sterna V–VI 0.22; length of tergum VII 0.07. Distribution. Known only from East and West Khasi Hills of Meghalaya, India. Comparative notes. This species belongs to the M. latus group. Metrocoris latus sp. nov. shares the character of having the long ventral sclerite and predominantly black thoracic venter with M. issaci sp. nov. and M. josephi sp. nov. and M. nepalensis Distant, 1910. However, the mesosternal yellow mark is absent in M. nepalensis and in M. issaci sp. nov. and M. josephi sp. nov. the apex of mesosternal yellowish-brown mark is extended both upwards and downwards and in M. latus sp. nov. it is only bent downwards and is not extended upwards (Fig. 4C). Metrocoris issaci sp. nov. and M. josephi sp. nov., with processes on the hind coxa and the hind trochanter of the female; however, it is absent in M. latus. The paramere is broad in M. latus and it is falciform in M. issaci sp. nov., M. josephi sp. nov. and M. nepalensis. The proctiger of the male is almost circular in M. latus; however, it is subovate or elongate in the other compared species.Published as part of Jehamalar, E. Eyarin & Dash, Swetapadma, 2021, Three new species of Metrocoris Mayr, 1865 (Heteroptera: Gerridae) from India and establishment of species groups, pp. 341-356 in Zootaxa 5082 (4) on pages 352-353, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5082.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/579270
Metrocoris issaci Jehamalar & Dash 2021, sp. nov.
No full textMetrocoris issaci sp. nov. (Figs. 2A–O) Material examined: Holotype (apterous ♂): INDIA, MEGHALAYA, East Khasi Hills District, Sangmain, Umpaimmaw Nala, 1767 m a.s.l., 25.54208° N, 91.851° E, 8.iii.2016, Paratypes. 1 apt. ♂, 2 apt. ♀, 5 nymphs, same locality data as for holotype, Coll. E.E. Jehamalar. Repository. The type specimens are deposited in the CEL, ZSI, New Alipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Holotype Reg. No. 11559/H15 and paratypes Reg. No. 11560/H15. Etymology. The new species is named after the first author’s second oldest brother Mr. E. Issac Vijaya Singh, for his constant support. Diagnosis. The new species can easily be recognized by the presence of the long processes clothed with long setae on the coxa and the trochanter of the hind leg of the female; the hind coxal process of the female reaches half the length of the hind trochanter (Figs. 2B, I); the dorsosubapical region of the male paramere with a small excavation and dorsally with a V-shaped groove, the apical region ventrally with a nail-like pale mark (Fig. 2N). Description. Apterous male (holotype): (Figs. 2A, C–G, J–O). Body length 5.67 (5.67–7.19, n=2), body width at mesoacetabula 2.64 (2.64–3.23, n=2). Colour. Dorsum of body black with yellowish-brown marks; broad black mark on head slightly narrow anteriorly and broad posteriorly, posterosublaterally connected with black mark near eyes (Figs. 2A, D); median black mark on head slightly concaved posteriorly; antenna and legs dark-brown to black; antennal tubercle black; base of first antennal segment yellowish-brown (Figs. 2A, D); rostrum dark-brown to black, except lateral region of first to third segments yellowish-brown; proacetabulum black (Figs. 2C, D); pronotum with T-shaped black mark, sublateral mark broad curved downwards, extended laterally and connected to lateral mark of mesonotum (Figs. 2A, D), sublateral mark slightly concaved posteriorly (Fig. 2A); small area near anterolateral region of pronotum below eye yellowishbrown; fore femur dorsally and ventrally with broad black stripe connected to apical black ring, extensor region yellowish-brown (Fig. 2A); mesonotal longitudinal medial and lateral dark marks connected to horizontal black marks anteriorly and posteriorly, mesonotal black marks narrower than adjacent yellowish-brown marks; sublateral black mark of mesonotum not connected posteriorly to black mark between meso- and metanota, sublateral black mark basal half narrow and abruptly broad posteriorly; mesopleural black mark anteriorly connected with transverse black mark between propleura and mesopleura, posteriorly not connected with black mark of mesoacetabulum (Fig. 2D); mesopleural yellowish-brown mark broad and reaches up to sublateral region of mesosternum medially, apex extended anteriorly and posteriorly (Fig. 2C); yellowish-brown mark on metacetabulum uninterrupted (Figs. 2A, J); area above base of metacetabular region with small yellowish-brown mark; thoracic venter black, except mesosternal yellowish-brown mark on mediolateral region; coxa and trochanter of all legs yellowish-brown; mid femur dorsally with long thin brown stripe; dorsum of abdomen black, except connexival segments VI and VII, posteromedian region of terga V and VI and posterior half of tergum VII and lateral and posterior margins of tergum VIII yellowish-brown (Fig. 2A); venter of abdomen black, except from apical half of sternum VI to apex yellowishbrown, except sternum VII basally and medially and lateral region of pygophore dark-brown to black (Fig. 2C). Structural characteristics. Body clothed with small black adpressed irregularly arranged setae; eyes covering anterior 1/3 of propleura (Fig. 2D); posterior margin of mesosternum covered with short silvery-white setae (Fig. 2C); sterna VI–VII clothed with long whitish-brown setae; antenna without any characteristic setae; head laterally with two to three long black setae in front of eyes; eye width greater than posterior eye width. Pleural region of prothorax posteriorly with few long black setae; anteromedian region of mesosternum with some long setae, prominent in lateral view; fore femur slender, basally with two long setae, almost medially with shallow notch; mid femur longer than hind femur; mesal region of meso- and metacetabula with thin stripe of short adpressed silvery-white setae to golden-yellow. Abdominal terga I–VII and connexivum clothed with short silvery-white to golden setae; sternum VII longer than combined length of sterna V and VI; posterior margin of sternum VII concave (Fig. 2F). Terminalia: Tergum VIII large, slightly wider than long, slightly concaved posteromedially, posteriorly and laterally fringed with long brown setae (Fig. 2E); basomedian region of sternum VIII smoothly raised and slightly depressed sublaterally (Fig. 2F); lateral margin of sternum VIII parallel-sided; sternum VIII distinctly longer than sternum VII; proctiger subovate (Fig. 2L), slightly visible from above (Fig. 2E); pygophore posteriorly convex with fringe of medium-sized setae, posterolaterally fringed with long setae (Fig. 2M); paramere falciform, dorsosubapical region with small excavation, nearly middle slightly raised with long and short setae, ventral region with nail-like pale mark at apex (Fig. 2N), visible from outside of genital segments laterally. Endosoma in lateral aspect: proximal region of dorsal sclerite inwardly curved, with short reflex angled process; dorsal sclerite concaved medially; accessory apical sclerite absent; accessory dorsal sclerite broad posteriorly and reached up to level of anterior region of lateral sclerite; anterior region of basal sclerite reached near middle of dorsal sclerite; lateral sclerite proximally slightly bend upwards, with blunt tip; ventral sclerite very long surpassing well beyond level of lateral sclerite in lateral view (Fig. 2O). Measurements. Head length 0.94, width 1.54; eye length 0.64, width 0.39, posterior eye width 0.32; synthlipsis 0.67; lengths of antennomeres I–IV 2.35, 0.98, 1.01, 0.78. Pronotal length 0.60, width 1.62; combined length of meso- and metanota 1.92; mesosternal length 2.44; metasternal length 0.15. Lengths of leg segments: foreleg: femur 2.94, tibia 2.55, tarsomeres I–II 0.16, 0.86; mid leg: femur 7.86, tibia 5.61, tarsomeres I–II 2.87, 0.50; hind leg: femur 7.80, tibia 4.22, tarsomeres I–II 0.43, 0.53; widths of fore, mid, hind femora 0.46, 0.33, 0.22. Length of abdominal tergum 2.25; length of abdominal sternum 2.11; lengths of abdominal sterna II–VIII 0.12, 0.11, 0.10, 0.12, 0.13, 0.33, 0.55; proctiger length 0.03; pygophore length 0.59; combined length of abdominal sterna V–VI 0.24; length of abdominal tergum VIII 0.71, width 0.75. Apterous female (paratypes): (Figs. 2B, H, I). Body length 5.65 (5.65–5.69, n=2), body width at mesoacetabula 3.11 (3.11–3.23, n=2). Colour. Similar to apterous male, except for the following characteristics: dorsum of abdomen black, except tergum VII posteromedially with small yellowish-brown mark; abdominal sterna VI–VII brown. Structural characteristics. Similar to apterous male, except for the following characteristics: hind coxa and trochanter with long processes clothed with long setae, coxal process longer than process of trochanter (Figs. 2B, I); flexor region of hind femur basally with setal fringe (Fig. 2I); genital segments completely concealed under sternum VII; sternum VII almost triangular, lateral constriction not prominent (Fig. 2H); abdomen short, not reaching apex of hind coxa (Figs. 2B, I). Measurements. Head length 0.91, width 1.77; eye length 0.73, width 0.41, posterior eye width 0.40; synthlipsis 0.79; lengths of antennomeres I–IV 1.62, 0.90, 1.11, 0.90. Pronotal length 0.52, width 1.79; combined length of meso- and metanota 2.58; mesosternal length 2.94; metasternal length 0.16. Lengths of leg segments: foreleg: femur 2.78, tibia 2.39, tarsomeres I–II 0.16, 0.92; mid leg: femur 7.36, tibia 5.18, tarsomeres I–II 2.70, 0.50; hind leg: femur 7.10, tibia 3.96, tarsomeres I–II 0.43, 0.53; widths of fore, mid, hind femora 0.38, 0.31, 0.23; lateral length of hind coxal process 0.47; lateral length of hind trochanter process 0.26. Length of abdominal tergum 1.53; length of abdominal sternum 1.16; lengths of abdominal sterna II–VII 0.14, 0.11, 0.10, 0.13, 0.17, 0.50; combined length of abdominal sterna II–VI 0.65; combined length of abdominal sterna V–VI 0.30; length of tergum VII 0.17. Distribution. Presently known only from East Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, India. Comparative notes. Metrocoris issaci sp. nov. shares the characteristics like the presence of the setal fringe on the base of the flexor region of the hind femur of the female (Fig. 2I) and the falciform male paramere, having the convex area on the dorsal region near middle (Fig. 2N) and the reflex angled process on the proximal region of the dorsal sclerite and the long ventral sclerite surpassing the proximal region of the dorsal sclerite (Fig. 2O) with M. coxalis, M. nigriventris Tran & Polhemus, 2017 and M. josephi sp. nov. The new species differs from M. coxalis and M. nigriventris, by the presence of long processes on both the coxa and the trochanter of the hind leg of the female; in M. coxalis the process is present only on the hind coxa of the female and in M. nigriventris the hind coxal process is absent and the hind trochanter is slightly produced. Metrocoris issaci sp. nov. and M. josephi sp. nov. have processes on both the coxa and the trochanter of the hind leg of the female (Figs. 2B, I; 3C, J); however, these processes are longer in M. issaci sp. nov. (Fig. 2I) when compared to M. josephi sp. nov. (Fig. 3J). Moreover, the area surrounding the omphalium is black in M. issaci sp. nov. (Figs. 2C, H) but it is yellow in M. josephi sp. nov. (Figs. 3B, I). The overall structure of the male paramere is almost similar in M. coxalis, M. issaci sp. nov., M. josephi sp. nov. and M. nigriventris; however, there are distinct differences on the tip of the paramere in each species, in M. issaci sp. nov. it is subapically excavated both the dorsal and the ventral region (Fig. 2N), in M. josephi sp. nov. the excavation is present subapically only on the ventral region (Fig. 3N), in M. nigriventris it is subapically produced and in M. coxalis the paramere is apically bent outwards.Published as part of Jehamalar, E. Eyarin & Dash, Swetapadma, 2021, Three new species of Metrocoris Mayr, 1865 (Heteroptera: Gerridae) from India and establishment of species groups, pp. 341-356 in Zootaxa 5082 (4) on pages 346-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5082.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/579270
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