194 research outputs found
Effects of Cloisite nanoparticles on interlaminar fracture toughness and resistance curve of S-glass fiber reinforced polymer composite
No full textThe effect of particular nanoclay, Cloisite 20B, addition on the interlaminar fracture toughness of a plain-woven type glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) composite was experimentally investigated. The mode-I tests were conducted based on a double cantilever beam (DCB) test. Results showed that the inclusion of nanoclays improved the interlaminar fracture toughness of the GFRP composite in the range of 12.65% and 54.07% as compared with the pristine one, with a progressive increment of the nanoclays weight content (from 0.5 to 2%). A better understanding of Cloisite 20B filler's contribution to improving the delamination resistance can lead to a design of better melt flow rate and good elongation at break structural composites
In and Out. Federica Experience in the Rugged Terrain of MOOCs Inclusion in Institutional Strategies of University Education
No full textHarnessing high altitude solar power
No full textAs an intermediate solution between Glaser's satellite solar power (SSP) and ground-based photovoltaic (PV) panels, this paper examines the collection of solar energy using a high-altitude aerostatic platform. A procedure to calculate the irradiance in the medium/high troposphere, based on experimental data, is described. The results show that here a PV system could collect about four to six times the energy collected by a typical U.K.-based ground installation, and between one-third and half of the total energy the same system would collect if supported by a geostationary satellite (SSP). The concept of the aerostat for solar power generation is then briefly described together with the equations that link its main engineering parameters/variables. A preliminary sizing of a facility stationed at 6 km altitude and its costing, based on realistic values of the input engineering parameters, is then presented
"Horace syndrome" in Lithuania at the beginning of the 19th century: love for literature or profound patriotism?
No full textStraipsnis skirtas 19 amžiaus pradžioje kilusio susidomėjimo Horacijumi priežastims atskleisti. Autorė nagrinėja istoriko T. Narbuto santykį su Horacijaus poezija ir paties T. Narbuto poetinius bandymus, atrasdama juose aiškią ideologinę Horacijaus įtaką. Aiškinamos T. Narbuto ryžto skelbti Horacijaus odžių vertimus aplinkybės, ypač plačiai sustojama ties viena jų – santykiais su J. Ježovskio tekstais. Pažymima, kad J. Ježovskis - tai vienintelis autorius, kurio Narbutas neįtraukė į savą Horacijaus kūrybos vertėjų ir komentatorių registrą. Autorė teigia, kad J. Ježovskio veikla buvo itin gerai žinoma T. Narbutui, tad šis neįtraukimas tegalįs rodyti tik paties J. Ježovskio svarbą T. Narbutui. J. Ježovskio tekstų analizė rodanti, kad Horacijus buvo jam idealas ir poetine, ir pasaulėžiūros prasme: pažymima, kad J. Ježovskį žavėjo Horacijaus saikingumas, prabangos vengimas, gebėjimas gyventi dėl aukštesnių tikslų, kone mistifikuotas bičiulystės - bene labiausiai filomatų aukštinamo bendravimo principo - deklaravimas. Autorė teigia, kad J. Ježovskio darbai - raktas pažinti filomatizmą iš vidaus. Šiame J. Ježovskio darbų kontekste autorė nagrinėja ir T. Narbuto atliktus Horacijaus vertimus. Apibendrindama savo tyrinėjimus, autorė teigia, kad visi ryškiausi tuometiniai Horacijaus vertėjai ar sekėjai vienaip ar kitaip pritarė patriotizmui, kuris buvo suprantamas taip, kaip jį suprato Horacijus. O šio patriotizmo esant tuometinei politinei situacijai, autorės teigimu, reikėjo ne tik kaip literatūrinės, bet ir kaip „gydomosios“ priemonės. Reikšminiai žodžiai: Adomas Stanislovas Krasinskis; Antanas Mošinskis; Filomatų judėjimas; Horacijus; Imitacija; Juozapas Ježovskis; Komentaras; Patriotizmas; Poezija; Sekimai; Teodoras Narbutas (Teodor Narbutt); Tėvynė; Vertimai; Vertimas; Vilnius; XIX a. Lietuvos literatūra; Adam Stanislaw Krasinski; Antoni Moszynski; Comment; Horace; Imitation; Jozef Jezowki; Jozef Jezowski; Lithuanian literature of 19th century; Motherland; Patriotism; Philomath movement; Poetry; Teodor Narbutt; Translation; Translations; VilniusThe article is dedicated to disclosing the causes of the interest in Horatio that arose in the early 19th century. The author examines the relationship of historian Teodoras Narbutas with the poetry of Horatio and poetic attempts of Narbutas himself as well as discovers the clear ideological influence of Horatio. The circumstances of Narbutas’ determination to publish translations of Horatio odes are explained, and one of them – the relationship with texts by Juozapas Ježovskis – is elaborated in particular detail. It should be noted that Ježovskis is the only author who was not included by Narbutas into his own register of the translators and commentros of Horatio’s works. The author claims that Ježovskis’ activities were especially well known to Narbutas, so this non-inclusion can only prove the importance of Ježovskis himself to Narbutas. The analysis of Ježovskis’ texts shows that Horatio was his ideal in the sense of both poetry and world outlook: it is noted that Ježovskis was fascinated by Horatio’s moderation, avoidance of luxury, ability to live for higher goals, and declaration of almost mystified fellowship – perhaps the most exalted philomaths’ communication principle. The author claims that Ježovskis’ works is the key to learn Philomathism from inside. In this context of Ježovskis’ works, the author also analyses the translations of Horatio made Narbutas. Summarising her research, the author states that all the then most outstanding translators and followers of Horatio supported patriotism in one way or other and it was understood as Horatio understood it. According to the author, that patriotism in the then political situation was needed not only as a literary but also as a “curing” tool
Lietuvių tragedijos tipologiniai tyrinėjimai. Juozo Grušo "Herkus Mantas": t. 2
No full textStraipsnyje analizuojamos Juozo Grušo tragedijos Herkus Mantas tipologinės sąsajos su romantine-herojine, šekspyriškąja, egzistencializmo drama. Seniausią Herkaus Manto ideologinį klodą sudaro romantinės-herojinės dramos tradicija, su kuria susijęs kūrinio patetiškumas, patriotika, herojinė dvasia. Šekspyriškas dramatizmas reiškiasi psichologizmu, daugialypiu konfliktu, skausminga idealų ir realybės, individo ir kolektyvo interesų, praeities ir dabarties sandūra. Dramos probleminis-analitinis pradas sietinas su prancūzų intelektine (egzistencializmo) drama. Herkuje Mante gali būti aptiktas ir tarybinės ideologijos klodas, kuris susiformuoja dėl jo panašumo su romantine ir egzistencialistine mąstysena. Didžiausia Grušo, kaip tragedijos autoriaus, jėga – tragedinio siužeto atvirumas, interpretacinis lankstumas, leidžiantis į analizuojamą problemą pažvelgti iš kelių ideologinių sistemų perspektyvos, deklaruojamas idėjas iš vienų pasaulėžiūrinių koordinačių perkelti į kitas Reikšminiai žodžiai: Tragedijos; Drama (žanras); Egzistencializmas; DramaturgijaThe article analyses typological links of the tragedy Herkus Mantas by Juozas Grušas with the romantic heroic existentialist Shakespearean drama. The oldest ideological stratum in Herkus Mantas is the tradition of the romantic heroic drama related to emotionality, patriotic feelings and heroic spirit. Shakespearean dramatism is manifested by psychological approach, multiple conflict and painful collision of ideals and reality, interests of the individual and collective interests, the past and the present. The problem and analysis grounds of the drama is to be linked with the French intellectual (existentialist) drama. Herkus Mantas also includes a stratum of the Soviet ideology formed due to its similarity to romantic and existentialist way of thinking. The most powerful feature of Grušas as a tragedy author is openness of the tragedy story, interpretational flexibility making it possible to look at the problem in question from several ideological angles and transfer the ideas declared from one system of outlook coordinates to another
Education practices regarding linear equations
No full textSyftet med detta arbete är att ta reda på hur lärare på gymnasiet ser på undervisning i linjär ekvationslösning och hur de utvecklar elevers förståelser och förmågor. Vi har genomfört semistrukturerade intervjuer med fem lärare på tre olika gymnasieskolor i södra Skåne. De intervjuade lärarna använder en mängd olika metoder för att undervisa linjär ekvationslösning, t ex god metod, konkretisering och balansmodellen för att nämna några exempel.
CXCR5 and ICOS expression identifies a CD8 T-cell subset with T features in Hodgkin lymphomas
No full textInternational audienceA better characterization of T-cell subsets in the microenvironment of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) would help to develop immunotherapies. Using multicolor flow cytometry, we identified in 6 of 43 cHL tissue samples a previously unrecognized subset of CD8 T cells coexpressing CXCR5 and inducible T-cell costimulator (ICOS) molecules (CD8). These cells shared phenotypic features with follicular helper T (T) cells including low CCR7 expression together with high expression of B-cell lymphoma-6, programmed cell death 1, B and T lymphocyte attenuator, CD200, and OX40. They had deficient cytotoxicity, low interferon-γ secretion, and common functional properties with intratumoral CD4 T cells, such as production of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-21, CXCL13, and capacity to sustain B cells. Gene profiling analysis showed a significant similarity between the signatures of CD8 T cells and CD4 T cells. Benign lymphadenitis tissues (n = 8) were devoid of CD8 cells. Among the 35 B-cell lymphoma tissues analyzed, including follicular lymphomas (n = 13), diffuse large cell lymphomas (n = 12), marginal zone lymphomas (MZLs; n = 3), mantle cell lymphomas (n = 3), and chronic lymphocytic leukemias (n = 4), only 1 MZL sample contained CD8 cells. Lymphoma tumors with CD8 cells shared common histopathological features including residual germinal centers, and contained high amounts of activated CD8 cells. These data demonstrate a CD8 T-cell differentiation pathway leading to the acquisition of some T similarities. They suggest a particular immunoediting process with global CD8 activation acting mainly, but not exclusively, in HL tumors
Between the old and the new Lithuania: testamentary statements of Adam Honory Kirkor (1818–1886)
No full textStraipsnyje analizuojama Adomo Honorijaus Kirkoro ir jo aplinkos politinė programa, aptariami svarbiausi jos dėmenys, autoritetai ir prioritetai. Aiškinamos kontroversiško lietuvių nacionalinio atgimimo veikėjų požiūrio į šią asmenybę ir jo kūrybą priežastys. Reikšminiai žodžiai: Adomas Kirkoras; Politinė programa; Valenrodiškumas; Teodoras Narbutas (Teodor Narbutt); Istorinė atmintis; Vytautas Didysis, 1350-1430 (Vytautas the Great); Vilnius; AušrininkaiThe idea to write this article was suggested by the intersection and obvious irrationality of two facts, namely an overly critical attitude of certain pioneers of Lithuanian nationalism that first and foremost flocked around the Auszra (later Aušra; 1883–1886) newspaper towards publisher, man of letters, and historian Adam Honory Kirkor (1818–1886) and more than enthusiastic support of the ideas advocated by the Auszra in A. H. Kirkor’s statements. The author of the article strives to search for the reasons behind the said contradiction and in a way rearrange the focus points in A. H. Kirkor’s biography and creative work which have been divided into two stages: “Narbutt” and “Vilnius”. The comparative aspect also plays an important role in the analysis, i.e. A. H. Kirkor’s attitude is first of all revealed against the background of the personality and ideas of Teodor Narbutt (1784–1864), the most prominent Lithuanian historian of the first half of the 19th century. The research revealed that it was T. Narbutt’s work Dzieje narodu litewskiego (Deeds of the Lithuanian Nation, vol. 1–9, Wilno, 1835–1841) where Kirkor and his environment found the basic ideological pillars. By virtue of T. Narbutt, Vytautas the Great related topics found their way to A. H. Kirkorʼs works. The component of Vilnius is also discussed through A. H. Kirkor and T. Narbutt’s relation with the city. T. Narbutt viewed Vilnius as a mere chronicle of the past, whereas A. H. Kirkor perceived the city as an open air museum evoking deep contemplations not only about the region’s past but also about its future. Eventually the concept of Vilnius in A. H. Kirkor’s mind would focus around the cathedral and its historical tombstones with the remains of Lithuania’s heroes resting thereunder. A. H. Kirkor teaches to read the symbolic meaning of the site, to see not only religious and historical but also political symbols, visit the sacred space and accumulate energy for the future. Hence, A. H. Kirkor’s references and emphases, prominence given to the role of Vilnius and particularly to the Cathedral – the most important guardian of historical memory – as well as the pantheon of historical figures significant to Lithuania, which hitherto had been traditionally attributed to Poland’s past, suggest of victory rather that defeat. These texts contained numerous references to the future. And these hints, no matter how controversially A. H. Kirkor was perceived, were heard by the followers of the Auszra movement. The ample translations of A. H. Kirkor’s works to Lithuanian corroborate the fact. From a more general perspective, A. H. Kirkor’s program of Lithuania and that of the followers of the Auszra movement were not so different after all – most disagreements were attributable to the so-called philological aspect. However, there were discussions regarding language related issues among the representatives of A. H. Kirkor’s generation as well. Thus, the Auszraʼs statements of the Lithuanian speaking Lithuania must have been familiar or at least recognizable to A. H. Kirkor. Therefore today we should speak about the contributions of the Vilnius Museum of Antiquities and Vilnius Temporary Archaeological Commission to the Auszra ideology; a particularly unique and particularly intellectual generation that worked for the sake of Lithuania when it seemed that there was nothing to work for, was active in the most difficult conditions, and underwent huge psychological traumas. In this context A. H. Kirkor – the hands and brain of that generation, a loyalist but at the same time also an idealist could not have disapproved of the project pursued by the Auszra followers
Knyga apie XIX amžiaus lietuvišką knygą : recenzija
No full textA. Navickienės knygos "Besikeičianti knyga XIX amžiaus pirmosios pusės Lietuvoje" recenzijoje be kita ko pateikta lietuviškos knygos leidybos XIX a. pirmojoje pusėje mokslinė apžvalga, teikianti vertingos medžiagos minimo laikotarpio knygos istorijos Lietuvoje tyrinėjimams. Monografija vertinama kaip ypač vertingas knygotyros darbas, kuriame siekiama atspindėti kone visą įmanomą XIX a. lietuviškos knygos pasaulį, pirmą kartą ją matome kaip procesą – nuo genezės, t. y. nuo pirminio sumanymo, rašymo ir leidimo (su visomis cenzūros peripetijomis), nuo spaudos, nuo platinimo – iki pat recepcijos visuomenėje. Knyga nėra ištraukiama iš bendro kultūrinio konteksto – ji siejama ir su socialiniu, ekonominiu bei politiniu procesu. Recenzijoje pateikta recenzuojamos knygos struktūra, cituojamos vertingiausios detalės. Pastebėta, kad istoriografinė knygos dalis – viena stipriausių. A. Navickienė ne tik siekia rekonstruoti to laikotarpio lietuviškos knygos pasaulį, pateikti kiek įmanoma išsamesnį jo vaizdą, bet ir pristatyti knygą kaip procesą. Recenzijoje išryškinamas knygos kompleksiškumas, panorama, novatoriškumas, pagavus rašymo stilius, ir autorės gebėjimas polemizuoti, kritiškai vertinti pateiktus kitų tyrėjų duomenis. Reikšminiai žodžiai: Kelionės; Knygos; Knygos nuosavybės ženklai; Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė (LDK; Grand Duchy of Lithuania; GDL); Lietuvos nacionalinė Martyno Mažvydo biblioteka; Recenzijos; Senosios knygos; Book ownership marks; Books; Itineraries; Martynas Mažvydas National Library of Lithuania; Old books; Review; The Great Duchy of LithuaniaA review of the book “Besikeičianti knyga XIX amžiaus pirmosios pusės Lietuvoje” [Changes of books in Lithuania in the first half of the 19th century] by A. Navickienė presents a scientific review of the Lithuanian book publishing in the first half of the 19th century, providing a valuable material for studies of the history of books of the mentioned period in Lithuania. The monograph is considered to be a very important work in the field of book science, which reflects the whole world of Lithuanian books in the 19th century. It is the first time we see it as a process – from the genesis, i.e. from the first concept, writing and publication (with all censorship-related peripeteias), printing and dissemination to the very reception of the public. The book is not taken from the common cultural context – it is linked to the social, economic and political process. The review presents the structure of the book, useful thoughts are quoted. The author of the review notes that the historiographical part of the book is one of the strongest. A. Navickeinė aspires to reconstruct the world of the then Lithuanian book, to present it as comprehensively as possible and to present the book as a process. The review highlights the complexity, panorama, innovation and the writing style of the book as well as the author’s ability to critically dispute and evaluate the data submitted by other researchers
Emilia Wróblewska ( 1830-10- 05–1886-12-23 ) diaries (1850-08-05–1886-09)
No full textEmilija Beniovskytė-Vrublevskienė daugiausia žinoma kaip garsaus Vilniaus advokato ir visuomenės veikėjo Tado Stanislovo Vrublevskio (Tadeusz Stanisław Wróblewski, 1858-1925) motina. Jos ir jos vyro Eustachijaus Vrublevskio vardai įamžinti 1912 metais Vilniuje įsteigtos Eustachijaus ir Emilijos Vrublevskių bibliotekos (orig. „Biblioteka im. Eustachego i Emilii Wróblewskich w Wilnie“; dabar – Lietuvos mokslų akademijos Vrublevskių biblioteka; toliau – LMAVB) pavadinime. Todėl ši moteris paprastai minima tik bibliotekai skirtuose leidiniuose ar jos sūnui Tadui Stanislovui, o pastaruoju metu – ir sūnui Augustinui Vrublevskiui (Augustyn Anicety Wróblewski, 1866-po 1913) skirtose biogramose ar biografijose. Rečiau Beniovskytė-Vrublevskienė buvo įvardijama kaip 1830-1831 metų sukilimo dalyvio Baltramiejaus Beniovskio (Bartłomiej Beniowski, ~1800–1867) duktė ar asmenybė, palaikiusi ryšius su garsiuoju savo vyro Eustachijaus Vrublevskio (Eustachy Edward Wróblewski, 1826-1891) sūnėnu ir globotiniu, vienu iš 1863-1864 metų sukilimo vadų, o vėliau Paryžiaus Komunos generolu Valerijonu Vrublevskiu (Walery Antoni Wróblewski, 1836–1908). Taigi dažniausiai minima tik žymių savo šeimos vyrų ir jos vardu pavadintos bibliotekos kontekste. Kiek rečiau akcentuojama pedagoginė E. Beniovskytės-Vrublevskienės veikla. Straipsnio tikslas – nuodugniau pažvelgti į šios moters biografiją ir rankraštinį palikimą. Daug medžiagos E. Beniovskytės-Vrublevskienės gyvenimo ir kūrybos rekonstrukcijai yra išsaugota ir prieinama tyrinėtojams LMAVB. Jos sūnus Tadas Stanislovas Vrublevskis, Eustachijaus ir Emilijos Vrublevskių bibliotekos įkūrėjas, rūpinosi motinos dokumentiniu palikimu. Rankraštinį kūrybinį E. Beniovskytės-Vrublevskienės palikimą sudaro literatūriniai darbai (vertimai, eilėraščiai, mokslo ir grožinės literatūros knygų konspektai) ir vadinamasis egodokumentinis paveldas (dienoraščiai, laiškai, atminimų albumas). Gausiausias ir vertingiausias – diaristinis paveldas, susidedantis iš penkių vadinamojo intymiojo dienoraščio (arba jo fragmentų) sąsiuvinių ir dviejų vaikams rašytų dienoraščių. Kaip E. Beniovskytės-Vrublevskienės biografija, taip ir jos diaristinis palikimas iki šiol nebuvo tyrinėti. Į dienoraštį neatkreipė dėmesio nei lyčių, nei kasdienybės istorijos tyrėjai, kuriems asmens žinomumas tėra antraeilis faktas. Mokslo darbuose fragmentiškai naudotas tik sūnui Tadui Stanislovui Vrublevskiui rašytas dienoraštis. Chronologinė dienoraščių aprėptis – 1850-1886 metai, todėl jie perteikia tris šios moters gyvenimo tarpsnius: jaunystę, brandos amžių ir senatvę. Dienoraščiuose yra viena kita digresija, iš kurių galima spręsti ir apie pirmąjį šios moters gyvenimo tarpsnį – vaikystę. Iš viso E. Vrublevskienė paliko 730 dienoraščio įrašų, iš kurių 3 daryti Londone, 22 Palangoje , visi kiti, t. y. net 705, – Vilniuje. Įrašų intensyvumas rodo autorės jausmų intensyvumą. Todėl daugiausia įrašų buvo padaryta laukiant į pasaulį ateinant Tado Stanislovo, 1858 metais: iki sūnaus gimimo dienos (spalio 27 d.) ši moteris „su dienoraščiu kalbėjosi“ net 123 kartus. Mažiausiai – paskutiniais savo gyvenimo metais – tik kartą. Pasak kasdienybės istorijos teoretikų, per tokius šaltinius praeities žmonėms suteikiama saviraiškos laisvė, jie išvaduojami iš istorikų nustatytų schemų, o to laikmečio kasdienybės kultūrą galima perprasti iš vidaus, du dedans. Reikšminiai žodžiai: Emilija Beniovskytė-Vrublevskienė; Lietuvos mokslų akademijos Vrublevskių biblioteka (LMA Vrublevskių biblioteka; LMAVB; Wroblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences); Emilia WróblewskaEmilia Wróblewska (or Emilia z Beniowskich Wróblewska) is known mostly as the mother of the famous Vilnius (Rus. Вильна, Pol. Wilno) lawyer and political activist Tadeusz Stanisław Wróblewski (1858–1925). Her name and that of her husband Eustachy Wróblewski (1826–1891) – are immortalized in the name of the library which they founded in Vilnius in 1912, viz. the Eustachy and Emilia Wróblewski Library (originally “Biblioteka im. Eustachego i Emilii Wróblewskich w Wilnie”; now – the Wróblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences; abbreviated here as – LMAVB ). Therefore this woman is usually mentioned only in publications devoted to the library or to her son Tadeusz Stanisław Wróblewski, and more recently to her son Augustyn Wróblewski (1866 – after 1913) in biographical sketches or biographies. Rather more rarely is Wróblewska named as the daughter of Bartłomiej Beniowski (~1800–1867), a participant in the 1830–1831 insurrection or a person with close ties to her husband’s nephew and ward Eustachy Wróblewski, one of the leaders of the 1863–1864 uprising and later with Walery Wróblewski (1836–1908) a general of the Paris Commune. Thus she is mostly mentioned in the context of the famous men in her life and the library named in her honor. Somewhat more rarely and also rather brief are comments on her pedagogical activity. The purpose of this article is to look more closely at the biography of this woman and her manuscript legacy. There is a good bit of material available for the reconstruction of Wróblewska’s life and creativity and it is now almost all saved in the LMAVB . Her son Tadeusz Stanisław Wróblewski, the founder of the Eustachy and Emilia Wróblewski Library, took care of his mother’s documentary legacy. Wróblewska’s creative manuscript legacy consists of literary works - translations, poems, summaries of scientific and belles-lettristic books and her personal documentary legacy - diaries, letters, and an album of remembrances. The largest and most valuable is the diaristic legacy consisting of five notebooks (or fragments thereof) of her intimate journal and two journals written for her children. Like Wróblewska’s biography, her diaristic legacy has not been investigated until now. Before this neither gender investigators nor investigators of daily life had paid any attention to this diary. For such persons the fame of the individual is a fact of secondary significance. In scientific literature only fragmentarily is the diary written for her son Tadeusz Stanisław Wróblewski used. The chronological frame of Wróblewska’s diaries is from 1850 to 1886, thereby reflecting three phases of this woman’s life: youth, maturity, and old age. There are a few digressions from which we can draw some conclusions about her childhood. In all Wróblewska left 730 diary entries, of which three were written in London, 22 in Palanga (Rus. Поланген; Germ. Polangen; Pol. Połąga) and all the rest, viz. 705 in Vilnius. The intensity of the entries reflects the intensity of the author. Therefore most of the entries were made while waiting for the birth of Tadeusz Stanisław Wróblewski in 1858: before her son’s birth (October 27) this woman ‘talked with her diary’ 123 times. Least of all she did this in the last year of her life (only once). According to the generalities of theoretical historians, it is thanks to such sources that men of the past are given the freedom of self expression, they are liberated from the schemes established by historians and one can understand the everyday culture of that period of time from within du dedans
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