147 research outputs found
“Freedom” of the Press: British Propaganda and Systems of Self-Censorship in the First World War
No full textDuring the First World War the British Parliament developed a propaganda apparatus which relied heavily on the burgeoning press industry, centralized under the ownership of a small number of wealthy men, to control the public narrative surrounding the war. This essay will contextualize the foundation of the state-press partnership and the role the press played in the control of public opinion during the war. Additionally, using two specific elements of Herman and Chomsky's propaganda model, it will show that the complacency of the press in producing and reproducing state propaganda during World War I was a result of self-censorship systems fundamentally built into the news media industry.Peer reviewe
Danevang School
No full textCopy print of a photograph of the students and teachers of the Danevang School during the 1937-1938 school year. The oldest students appear to be standing at the back, and the youngest are sitting in the front with a plaque that says "Danevang School 1937-1938 Larue Praytor Principal. The group is outside with the school building in the background. According to accompanying information the teachers were Mrs. Edwards, Dorothy Hermansen, Mrs. Bell, Juliane Hvilholt, and Mrs. Inex Praytor.
Back row: Dorothy Hermansen, Mrs. Bell, Alfred Jensen, Carl Larsen, Viggo Thyssen, Helga Christensen, Agneta Hermansen, Dagny Thyssen, Edgar Hansen, Otto Thicken, unknown, Benedict Krag, unknown, O. V. "Mickey" Christensen, Iver Wind, Siguard Thyssen, Dora Harton, Melvin Hansen, Leo Westerholm, Dorothy Mae Krenek, Ella Nielsen, Helena Berndt, Harvey Westerholm, and Juliane Hvilholt.
Second row: Evelyn Frost, Isabel Nielsen, Clifford Allenson, Evelyn Hansen, Inger Nelsen, Kermit Westerholm, Anders Thyssen, Gerda Thyssen, Helga Christensen, Clara Brodsgaard, Robert "Bob" Hansen, Alma Harton, Alice Hvilholt, Helen Wind, Clara Marie Jensen, Gwendolyn Praytor, Fern Hermansen, and Elsie Lee Chritiansen.
Third row: Preston Hicks, A. R. Zieschang, unknown, unknown, Martin Strarup, Alfred Wind, unknown, Alfred Thyssen, Harold Wind, Daniel Nelsen, Olaf Larsen, Alton Nelsen, Lloyd Nielsen, Vernon Christiansen, Vernor Harton, Merle Lee Johnson, and Gunnar Thyssen.
Fourth row: unknown, unknown, Carl Hansen, Vernon Swendsen, Lawrence Petersen, Donald Lykke, Leroy Strarup, Johannes "Jack" Hansen, Irvin Wind, Shirley Strarup, Joyce Hansen, Gernell Johnson, Lillie Jensen, unknown, Julian Christiansen, Irene Hansen, and Irene Saman
Finding topological structure in neural ensemble activity
No full textFinding topological structure in neural ensemble activity
Recent breakthroughs in electrophysiological recordings and calcium imaging have unlocked the potential for understanding how groups of neurons work together. However, the amount of data and the complexity of the brain elicits a need for more advanced tools to interpret the data.
In this regard, topological data analysis (TDA) has proven fruitful, revealing topological and geometrical structure in spatially modulated neurons, signifying a step forward in understanding the computations performed by these cells. TDA has seen rapid development in recent years, yet, state-of the-art methods are still sensitive to the noise and size of experimental data.
Here, we investigated the use of topological tools in recorded neural data, specifically developing computational frameworks based on persistent cohomology for finding topological structure in the collective computations of neural ensembles. Through a noise-robust geodesic approximation based on a uniformity assumption, we revealed a toroidal population state space in grid cells – neurons which are highly active in spatially confined regions, forming a hexagonal pattern in a two-dimensional environment. We described the internal organization of the population activity without reference to a specific physical covariate and showed the topology to be preserved across different environments as well as in sleep. This was furthered by, in an unsupervised manner, finding and analyzing the topological structure of ensembles of entorhinal neurons in head-fixed mice, showcasing the potential of TDA in unravelling internal brain dynamics without assumptions about the function of the cells. Moreover, we suggest a novel pipeline for identifying the functional structure of neural ensembles, exploiting the duality in analyzing both spike trains and population vectors – i.e., both the rows and columns of the same matrix – which reveals complementary information.
Oppdage topologisk struktur i nevral populasjonsaktivitet
Gjennombrudd innen elektrofysiologi og kalsiumavbildning for måling av hjerneaktivitet gjør at vi i dag kan få innsikt i store komplekse nettverk av nevroner. Samtidig nødvendiggjør dette avanserte matematiske metoder og modeller for å forstå samspillet mellom nevroner og beregningene grupper av nevroner gjør.
Avhandlingen «Finding topological structure in neural ensemble activity” undersøker hvordan bruk av topologiske metoder kan påvise en topologiske struktur i nevrale populasjoner. Ved utvikling av et analyserammeverk basert på persistent kohomologi påviser arbeidet at aktiviteten til nettverket av gitterceller i hjernen til en rotte er begrenset til en torus. Det vil si at cellene danner en to-dimensjonal, periodisk beskrivelse, eller en «smultring»-lignende representasjon, av rommet rottene navigerer i. Aktiviteten i cellenettverket beholder torus-strukturen i forskjellige miljøer og under søvn.
Avhandlingen foreslår også en ny fremgangsmåte for identifikasjon av den funksjonelle strukturen til nevrale populasjoner. ved hjelp av en dualitet mellom korrelasjonsstrukturen til cellene og det rommet nevronenes fyringsaktivitet beveger seg innenfor. Arbeidet i avhandlingen viser at analyserammeverket også er appliserbart i eksperimenter gjort på hodefikserte mus, samt uten tilgang til musenes bevegelsesoppførsel. Vi kan nå si at en torus-struktur finnes i nevrale nettverk i entorhinal cortex, og overraskende nok ser vi at den påviste to-dimensjonaliteten overgår den en-dimensjonale, atferdsmessige oppførselen i eksperimentet
Fra Ægypteninteresse til Ægypteninspiration i <em>Sinuhe</em>
No full textThe Finnish author Mika Waltari wrote the best-selling novel The Egyptian in 1945, inspired by the hopes, disappointments and disasters of the previous decades. The book occasioned widespread interest in Ancient Egypt, due in part to an effective reworking of egyptological knowledge into a classic moral tale. The fact that some egyptologists had already viewed the Amarna period within a Christian moral context would have been a source of inspiration to Waltari. Arthur Weigall, the British author and egyptologist, is a good, though hitherto unacknowledged example of this. In transforming his egyptological interests into a historical novel, Waltari found a ready model in Weigall's depiction of an Egyptian Phatraoh with a Christian morality.</p
Historical GIS Research in Canada
No full textFundamentally concerned with place, and our ability to understand human relationships with environment over time, Historical Geographic Information Systems (HGIS) as a tool and a subject has direct bearing for the study of contemporary environmental issues and realities. To date, HGIS projects in Canada are few and publications that discuss these projects directly even fewer. This book brings together case studies of HGIS projects in historical geography, social and cultural history, and environmental history from Canada's diverse regions. Projects include religion and ethnicity, migration, indigenous land practices, rebuilding a nineteenth-century neighborhood, and working with Google Earth. With contributions by: Colleen Beard Stephen Bocking Jennifer Bonnell Jim Clifford Joanna Dean François Dufaux Patrick A. Dunae Marcel Fortin Jason Gilliland William M. Glen Megan Harvey Matthew G. Hatvany Sally Hermansen Andrew Hinson Don Lafreniere John S. Lutz Joshua D. MacFadyen Daniel Macfarlane Jennifer Marvin Cameron Metcalf Byron Moldofsky Sherry Olson Jon Pasher Daniel Rueck R. W. Sandwell Henry Yu Barbara Znamirowsk
Organization of an International Master Course on Organic Farming, Fair Trade, and Ethical Certification and Management
No full textThe experience of a former master course at Bologna University in 2005–6 is illustrated; a SWOT analysis is adopted to evaluate its performance; the results provide a starting point to discuss an efficient strategy for a future international master implementation; the participants in the workshop should contribute by suggesting new
solutions or integrating the proposal regarding objectives, program, target customer, and job opportunities, suggesting possible training needs, institutions, and/or persons able to contribute as teachers, sponsors, courses, or stage hosts
Factors explaining farmers’ behaviours and intentions about agricultural methods of production. Organic vs. conventional comparison
No full textWe investigate the factors explaining behaviours and attitudes of farmers towards organic practices. Among a wide set of motivational, economic and environmental variables, we focus on those factors related to ethnocentrism of farmers and the importance of local origin labels. We find that ethnocentrism cannot explain neither the present status of farmers (organic vs. conventional) nor their future intentions about the adoption of agricultural methods of production. However, the absence of local origin labels is significantly affecting the choice of conventional farmers who do not convert to organic farming
Organic Parmesan Cheese On-line Traceability: A feasible solution
No full textThe need to increase the whole of the organic Parmesan cheese supply chain agents’
trust in the products origin encourages the adoption of a transparent traceability management. An experiment has been carried out to implement an effective traceability system for organic Parmesan cheese. A traceability solution was developed by the joint work of the University of Bologna, ICEA (an organic certification
body), and Voxnet (a system integrator specialized in agro-food and supply chain management. Its features include a standard procedure for data management along the supply chain, a simple and cheap system for the data uploading and transfer, and making data easily and quickly available. The result is web-based traceability software that manages the data collected at the dairy plant. Its implementation implied the definition of an online standard traceability procedure, linking all the supply chain agents, and the adoption of a technically sustainable data reading support; so far other supports, like RFID tags, did not work. We adopted a barcode system printed on a casein label placed on the Parmesan cheese pie; the data, collected at the cheese pie level, are transferred along the supply chain. The traceability process was tested in different organic dairy plants, and a cost estimation of its application to the organic cheese producers was performed. The system works; a 100% success in reading the data from the barcode after 24 months resulted. The process seems economically feasible; even if a formal calculation of the consumer-trader willingness to pay has not been performed, a cost increase of five eurocent/kg (the worst scenario)was considered acceptable by the cheese producers involved in the test. Further research should focus on the supply chain governance; previous experiences show that managing the problems related to the inter-firm relationship seems to be one of the most important constraints to the introduction of Parmesan cheese supply chain management
Approximate Personal Name-Matching Through Finite-State Graphs
No full textThis article shows how finite-state methods can be employed in a new and different task: the conflation of personal name variants in standard forms. In bibliographic databases and citation index systems, variant forms create problems of inaccuracy that affect information retrieval, the quality of information from databases, and the citation statistics used for the evaluation of scientists' work. A number of approximate string matching techniques have been developed to validate variant forms, based on similarity and equivalence relations. We classify the personal name variants as nonvalid and valid forms. In establishing an equivalence relation between valid variants and the standard form of its equivalence class, we defend the application of finite-state transducers. The process of variant identification requires the elaboration of: (a) binary matrices and (b) finite-state graphs. This procedure was tested on samples of author names from bibliographic records, selected from the Library and Information Science Abstracts (LISA) and Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) databases. The evaluation involved calculating the measures of precision and recall, based on completeness and accuracy. The results demonstrate the usefulness of this approach, although it should be complemented with methods based on similarity relations for the recognition of spelling variants and misspellings
Sheikh Waliyullah al-Dahlawi and his 'Kitab Hujjatul al-Baligah' and Muhammad Affandi Hassan and his theory of 'Gagasan Persuratan Baru': a brief study of the concept of Islamic literature
No full textHujjat Al Baligha, undoubtedly, is one of the masterpieces written by Sheikh Waliyullah Al
Dahlawi. It ‘scientifically„ emphasizes studies on society and its ethics/morals – branches of
knowledge considered to be among the secrets of the sacred religion. This book appeared into
two parts. The first explains the secrets of prophetic sunnah related to the well-being of sins and
good deeds. To emphasize these aspects, the author referred to two general principles; firstly the
aspect of good deeds and sins whilst the second deals with methods to unify existing religions.
(Hermansen, 2000
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