2,019 research outputs found
First person – Xuan Xie
No full textABSTRACT
First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Journal of Cell Science, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Xuan Xie is the first author on ‘Deubiquitylases USP5 and USP13 are recruited to and regulate heat-induced stress granules through their deubiquitylating activities’, published in Journal of Cell Science. Xuan is a PhD student in the lab of Masayuki Komada at the Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan, investigating the roles of ubiquitylation and deubiquitylation in the regulation of stress granules.</jats:p
Vibrational spectra and structures of neutral Si6X clusters (X = Be, B, C, N, O)
No full textDieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.Neutral silicon clusters doped with first row elements (Si6X) have been generated (X = B, C, N, O) and characterized by infrared–ultraviolet (IR–UV) two-photon resonance-enhanced ionization spectroscopy (X = C, O) and quantum chemical calculations (X = Be, B, C, N, O, Si). In the near threshold UV photoionization, the ion signal of specific cluster sizes can be significantly enhanced by resonant excitation with tunable IR light prior to UV irradiation, allowing for the measurement of the IR spectra of Si7, Si6C, and Si6O clusters. Structural assignments are achieved with the help of a global optimization procedure using density functional theory (DFT). The most stable calculated structures show the best agreement between predicted and measured spectra. The dopant atoms in the Si6X clusters have a negative net charge and the Si atoms act as electron donors within the clusters. Moreover, the overall structures of the Si6X clusters depend strongly on the nature of the dopant atom, i.e., its size and valency. While in some of the Si6X clusters one Si atom in Si7 is simply substituted by the dopant atom (X = Be, B, C), other cases exhibit a completely different geometry (X = N, O). As a general trend, doping of the Si7 cluster with first-row dopants is predicted to shift the optically allowed electronic transitions into the visible or even near-IR spectral range due to symmetry reduction or the radical character of the doped cluster.DFG, FOR 1282, Controlling the electronic structure of semiconductor nanoparticles by doping and hybrid formatio
The Dunhuang Manuscript Version of a Synopsis of the Yu zhu jinggang bore jing xuan yan and Its Author
No full text110009359848The present paper investigates a synoptic text, surviving only in Dunhuang manuscript fragments (Stein Nos 8044, 8166, and 9723 衾all part of the same scroll), dealing with the Yu zhu jingang bore jing xuan yan御註金剛般若經宣演, the work of Daoyin 道氤(668-740), a scholar-monk active during the Kaiyuan開元era.My examination of the content and form of the extant fragments leads me to conclude that this must be a synopsis compiled on the basis of the Jingang ying, a commentary to the Yu zhu jingang bore jing xuan yan. We know from Yitianʼs 義天Xin bian zhu zong jiao zang zong lu 新編諸宗教藏總録that a synoptic text called Yu zhu jingang bore jing xuan yan ke 御註金剛般若經宣演科, in two scrolls, was composed by Quanming 詮明, a scholar-monk who lived under the Liao 遼Dynasty. The text, however, has not been indentified so far. My investigation raises the possibility that the author of the above Dunhuang manuscript fragments might be no other than Quanming. These materials thus become very important sources not only for our understanding of the influence exerted by the Yu zhu jingang bore jing xuan yan ke and the Jingang ying on later Chinese Buddhism but also for the study of Quanmingʼs work and thought.departmental bulletin pape
Vibrational spectra and structures of SinC clusters (n=3-8)
No full textThe effects of doping bare silicon clusters with carbon on their physical properties are of fundamental interest for the chemistry of the interstellar medium and the development of novel nanostructures in materials science. Carbon-doped silicon clusters (SinC, n = 3-8) are characterized in the gas phase with infrared-ultraviolet two-color ionization (IR-UV2CI) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and quantum chemical calculations. Structural identification is achieved by comparing the measured and calculated vibrational absorption spectra of the low-energy SinC isomers identified by global optimization algorithms. Except for planar Si3C, the most stable SinC clusters have three-dimensional configurations. While the Si3C and Si6C structures are uniquely assigned, several stable isomers of Si4C, Si5C, Si7C, and Si8C may co-exist under the present experimental conditions. Interestingly, some of the structures observed here are different from the ground state structures predicted previously. For the small neutral clusters (n <= 5), structures similar to those reported previously for the anions are observed. The highly stable Si3C unit with a nearly linear Si-C-Si motif is identified as characteristic building block in several of the most stable SinC structures. In all identified structures, a large negative charge of almost -2e is located on the C atom, indicating its role as electron donor in the Si-n host moiety. The B3LYP/cc-pVTZ level proves reliable in finding the experimentally observed isomers.EC/FP7/226716/EU/European Light Sources Activities - Synchrotrons and Free Electron Lasers/ELISADFG, FOR 1282, Controlling the electronic structure of semiconductor nanoparticles by doping and hybrid formatio
Zheng xuan "Shang shu zhu" ji kao
No full text鄭玄博通經今、古文，遍注群經，著述百萬言，為後人尊為漢代經學集大成者，世有「鄭氏家法」、「鄭學」之稱。其經學史地位至為顯要，故黃侃有「治經先讀鄭君書」之說。鄭玄著述繁多，以經注影響最巨，《尚書注》為其一。然學者於鄭玄《書注》之研究尚有諸多不足之處。鄭玄《尚書》學於經學史中，「文本性質」與「鄭王之爭」為兩個爭議焦點。兩漢古文《尚書》之流傳疑點頗多，一般尊信《後漢書．儒林傳》所言，以為賈逵、馬融、鄭玄注本為杜林漆書本。然循名責實，鄭本當是中祕所藏之「孔壁本」。自西漢末年，章句簡化之風漸盛，鄭玄「質於辭訓」，為後來之荊州學派所譏。王肅或受荊州學派影響，其學雖出於鄭氏，卻不好之，另注群經，與之相抗，然時至今日，其經學史意義已大過經注是非本身。鄭玄《尚書注》約亡於北宋。世傳王應麟有輯本，此說非也。是本或為惠棟祖、父仿行之作，待其家傳本流出後，世人遂誤為王氏原輯。清代學者推尊「鄭學」，為之輯佚者十餘家，適為今日研究之資糧。然清人所輯，真偽不辨，魯魚亥豕，以最具代表性之袁鈞本為例，其於校勘、考證諸方面，皆有疏失。段玉裁云：「必先定其底本之是非，而後可斷其立說之是非。」分辨佚文之真偽後，方可考論鄭玄解經之法，評判其是非得失。「曰若稽古」為《尚書》首句，漢唐宋清諸家說之中，鄭注尤為特別，可見其解經特色：一、不重常訓，二、徵引緯書，三、隨文求義。而「光被四表」一句，主要關涉清代學術，以戴震新解反觀鄭注，則「鄭學」理念在於「念述先聖之元意，思整百家之不齊」，其解經以「經義」為第一義，「字義」退居其後。關鍵詞：鄭玄，《尚書注》，清代學術，解經方法，經學，文獻學An expert in the studies of both jinwen ‘New Text’ and guwen ‘Old Text’ classics, Zheng Xuan has provided annotations of over a million Chinese characters on a variety of classics. Later generations revered him for his integration of the classical studies of the Han Dynasty and his studies later turned into an area of study in its own right. His prominent status in the classical studies is best illustrated when Huang Kan stated that “those who pursue the classical studies should begin with Zheng’s works”. Among his voluminous works, his annotations on the classical canons had the greatest influence on later scholars. Shangshuzhu ‘Annotation of Shangshu’ is one of these works. It is, however, noted that there are still a number of shortcomings in the studies of Zheng’s Shangshuzhu undertaken by the scholars of our time.In the history of classical studies, the discussions of Zheng’s work on Shangshu have revolved around two foci, namely the nature of the texts and the controversy between Zheng Xuan and Wang Su. Doubt has often been cast on the origin and circulation of the old-text version of Shangshu of the Western and Eastern Han Dynasties. A common argument based on the chapter of Rulin ‘Scholars’ of Houhanshu ‘The Book of the Later Han Dynasty’ claims that Jia Kui, Ma Rong and Zheng Xuan all based their work on Du Lin’s “lacquer” version. However, according to the ontological argument, the copy used by Zheng Xuan is in fact the version that was found inside the wall of the Confucius Mansion and later kept as part of the imperial collection. Since the last days of the Western Han Dynasty, simplicity has become more and more valued in the practice of annotating the classics. Zheng Xuan’s already unadorned style in diction and commentary has nonetheless been made a subject of ridicule by the Jingzhou school. Wang Su, possibly under the influence of the Jingzhou school, expressed contempt for Zheng’s work, even though his knowledge owes its origin to Zheng Xuan. He went so far into annotating the classics on his own to contend against Zheng. Nowadays, the controversy between Zheng Xuan and Wang Su is noteworthy more from the historical perspective of the classical studies than it is associated with the judgment of whose annotation it is that outperforms the other.Zheng Xuan’s Shangshuzhu was lost around the Northern Song Dynasty. Legends have it that Wang Yinglin had the recovered texts of this work – a claim more apparent than real. This recovered edition was a product arisen from remodelling on Wang’s texts by Hui Dong’s grandfather and father. When Hui’s version has become in circulation, people came to mistakenly believe that it was Wang’s recovered work. Later in the Qing Dynasty, the studies of his works were held in high regard; therefore, about a dozen individuals were involved in the recovery of this book and their contributions serve as the base of the research as we see nowadays. However, the recovered texts exhibit varying degrees of verity and lots of errors. For example, Yuan Jun’s recovered edition, arguably the most representative of all, still abounds with errors and oversights in such areas as collation and textual analysis.As said by Duan Yucai, one must confirm the verity of the master copy before judging the verity of the statements within. In this regard, it is necessary to study the annotation methods adopted by Zheng Xuan after the recovered lost works attributed to him are first placed under scrutiny for their authenticity – only after this can we go on to judge his rights and wrongs. In Shangshu, the first line reads “Yue ruo ji gu”. Different interpretations exist throughout a prolonged period covering the Han, Tang, Song and Qing Dynasties. Zheng’s interpretation distinguishes itself among others in having the following features: 1) less emphasis on the commonplace interpretation for the original, borrowed or extended meanings; 2) use of Confucian apocryphal texts; and 3) interpretation highly dependent on the context. As for the line “Guang pi sibiao”, it is related to the scholarship of the Qing Dynasty when Dai Zhen’s new interpretation, in comparison with Zheng’s version, reveals the ideology of Zheng’s studies, which is said to “reiterate the original intended meaning of the sages of the past and iron out the discrepancies between statements by various scholars”. His primary principle of annotation was for the “meaning in the canons” to be captured, whereas the “lexical meaning” was relegated to a secondary position.Keywords: Zheng Xuan, Shangshuzhu, scholarship in the Qing Dynasty, annotation methods, Chinese classical studies, documentation studies王利.Thesis Ph.D. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2016.Includes bibliographical references (leaves ).Abstracts in English and Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on …).Wang li.Detailed summary in vernacular field only.Detailed summary in vernacular field only.Detailed summary in vernacular field only.Detailed summary in vernacular field only.Detailed summary in vernacular field only
Copper Binding Regulates Cellular Prion Protein Function
No full textThe cellular prion protein (PrP C ), mainly known for its role in neurodegenerative diseases, is involved in several physiological processes including neuritogenesis. In addition, its ability to bind copper or zinc has been suggested for its role in metal homeostasis. Although PrP C has been known as a copper-binding molecule, little is known about how copper can affect PrP C physiological functions. By combining genomic approaches, cellular assays, and focal stimulation technique, we found that PrP C neuritogenesis function is directly influenced by N-terminal copper-binding amino acids. Several recombinant mouse PrP (recMoPrP) mutants at N-terminal copper-binding sites were produced, and primary hippocampal cultures were treated either in bulk or exposed near the hippocampal growth cones (GC) of single neurons in local stimulation manner. While focal stimulation of GC with wild-type recMoPrP induced neurite outgrowth and rapid GC turning toward the source, N-terminal mutants fail to support this effect. Indeed, disrupting all the copper-binding sites at the N-terminus of PrP C was toxic to neurons indicating that these regions are crucial for the protein function. Mutants at both octarepeat and non-octarepeat region abolished the neuritogenesis effect. Altogether, our findings indicate the crucial role of copper-binding sites in maintaining the neuritogenesis function in PrP, suggesting a potential link between loss-of-function of the protein and disease initiation
Integrated Urban Flood Risk Management approach to adapt with uncertainties: case study Ho Chi Minh City
No full textThe paper deals with an Integrated Flood Management strategy for Ho Chi Minh City to adapt with Uncertainties of both natural and anthropogenic impacts. Observed data analysis and hydraulic simulations were utilised to prove the significance of such uncertainties. A 3-component strategy was also suggested and analysed for the case study of Ho Chi Minh City.Long Phi Ho, Thong Nguyen, Nguyen Xuan Quang Chau, Nguyen Kim Dan. Integrated Urban Flood Risk Management approach to adapt with uncertainties: case study Ho Chi Minh City. In: 33èmes Journées de l’Hydraulique Grands Aménagements Hydrauliques Enjeux Sociétaux, Bénéfices Economiques et Innovations Techniques 14 - 16 novembre 2012. 2012
Impact damage of composite laminates with high-speed waterjet
No full textRain erosion may cause substantial damage to aircrafts during supersonic flight. Such event is investigated here via high-speed waterjet impact on composite laminates. An experimental setup is developed to produce waterjets with the speed up to 700m/s and a finite element model of the waterjet-composite impact event is established. The consistency of experiment and simulation results validates the adopted numerical methods. The distribution of the water-hammer pressure is non-uniform and the maximum pressure occurs near the contact periphery when the water is about to eject laterally. After a high-speed (300∼560m/s) waterjet impacts a composite laminate, the impacted surface depression is observed, and the typical surface damage presents a central region with no visible surface damage surrounded by a faded “failure ring” with resin removal, matrix cracking and minor fiber fracture. Delamination occurs at the interfaces of adjacent layers with unequal dimensions and longitudinal matrix cracking appears on the back surface. Both the velocity and the diameter of waterjets are crucial factors on CFRP damage extents. Water-hammer pressure, the stagnation pressure and propagation of stress waves are failure mechanisms for most matrix damage in CFRP impacted by waterjets.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Structural Integrity & Composite
<Articles>The Relationship between the Imperial Decree Xuan and the Written Edict in the Latter Half of the Tang Dynasty
No full text唐代において宣という言葉は、文書行政上さまざまな意味に使用された用語であるが、本稿が注目するのは「口頭で皇帝の意志を伝達する」行為に使用される場合である。唐代の政治意思形成の問題を考えたときに、宣に代表される口頭伝達が、文書行政を含む政策策定過程でどのような働きをしたのかが、十分検討に値する課題となってくるのである。宣が用いられた事柄には多岐にわたる内容が含まれるが、それらは皇帝の側から口頭で内意を示し、君臣間の意思疎通を図った働きかけであるという点で、共通する要素を持っていた。宣とは制勅の策定から執行まであらゆる過程に介在し、それによって事態の円滑な進行を可能とする作用をなすものであったといえよう。そして、唐から宋にかけての動きと関連付けたとき、王言の制において、こうした皇帝直接の言葉を要素とする方式が新たに確立してゆくことを展望することができるのである。The word xuan was used in several senses under the scribal regime of the bureaucratic administration of the latter half of the Tang dynasty. In this article, however, I deal with the usage that connotes the sense of conveying an emperor's intentions orally. The act of conveying imperial intentions orally and how it functioned in the process of political decision making including within the scribal regime of the bureaucracy is an important problem. The author approaches the matter from standpoint of the meaning and functions of the xuan in conveying an emperor's intentions orally. Recent studies of the bureaucracy of the Tang have tended to pay increasing attention to terms used in documents and focus on their roles in the administrative process. This article should make a significant contribution to this trend. The main points of each section follow. In section one, the function of the xuan is examined from various points of view. The xuan was used for various matters, for example, in making important political decisions, in bestowing gifts on loyal followers, in directives for drafting imperial edicts, and so on. The people to whom xuan were issued also varied, ranging across the entire spectrum from bureaucrats to ordinary citizens, from a specific administrative office to a specific individual. We can, however, find a common characteristic amidst the variety of issues and recipients. It is the fact that in each case the emperor's intention was revealed orally. The emperor revealed his private intention through his associates, aiming to build mutual understanding among those involved in an issue. The xuan concerned matters that required common intentions shared by the emperor and his subjects. An exchange of views carried out through the xuan would become an opportunity for mutual understanding between the emperor and his subjects. By grasping the character of the xuan in this manner, we are able to understand how the oral communications of imperial intentions functioned in the process of political decision making. In section two, the place of the xuan in the political decision-making process and what relationship the xuan generally had with the imperial edict is examined. The author discusses the relationship between the xuan and imperial edict in terms of the operation of the scribal regime of the bureaucratic administration. Firstly, xuan were issued during the conference stage prior to the drafting of an imperial edicts. The meetings for the political decisions were often initiated and thereafter carried out by means of communications made through the xuan. Secondly, the xuan was used in the process of drafting the imperial edict, as well. The xuan was usually used to order the drafting of an imperial edict by a Hanlin academician, and it was also used to overturn any opposition from the Jishizhong. Thirdly, the xuan was used in processes of modification and notification after the drafting of an imperial edict, too. In other words, the xuan could be used widely during all stages of the political decision-making process. In this way, the emperor aimed at creating mutual understanding between the concerned departments. As a result, it became possible for matters to proceed smoothly. The oral conveying of imperial intentions through the xuan ran parallel to the working of the scribal bureaucracy. The act of drafting a written imperial edict by the scribal bureaucracy was supported by the mutual understanding created with orally issued xuan. At present, the author is focusing his attention on the appearance of the Hanlin-zhizhao within the imperial edict system. As the emperor was required to utter some imperial edicts in his own words from within the imperial court, Hanlin academicians were increasingly entrusted with their drafting, which resulted in the formation of the Hanlin-zhizhao. The xuan was also derived from the words spoken personally by the emperor. Some imperial edicts were based on written and some were based on oral communications. As the style of the Hanlin-zhizhao and the xuan developed, these genres that recorded the emperor's own words began to carry greater weight in the imperial edict system
Xuan Bello, translator and author : his role in the development of the Asturian literature of "Surdimientu"
No full textXuan Bello is one of the best-known Asturian authors in the Iberian Peninsula. His work as a poet developed in parallel with his work as a translator, especially of Portuguese and Galician, two languages that have influenced his own literary production in Asturian. His dual role as author and translator is inseparable from its cultural context, characterized above all by Surdimientu, the movement to recover the Asturian language and culture launched in 1974. Indeed, Asturian literature can be seen as an emerging literature, supported by a group of agents who take on various functions inside the literary system. The aim of this article is to analyse the relationship between Bello's poetry and prose with: 1) The role played by the author within the framework of Surdimientu, 2) The role played by his translations, and 3) The impact of the translations of his works in prose on the Catalan literary system.Xuan Bello és un dels autors asturians més coneguts a la península Ibèrica. La seva formació com a poeta es desenvolupa en paral·lel a la seva tasca de traductor, sobretot del portuguès i del gallec, llengües que l'influeixen en la seva obra (en asturià). La seva doble faceta com a autor i traductor és indissociable del context cultural en què es desenvolupa, marcat pel Surdimientu, el moviment de recuperació de la llengua i cultura asturianes iniciat el 1974. En aquest context, la literatura asturiana pot ser vista com una literatura emergent, que disposa d'una sèrie d'agents que assumeixen diverses funcions en el sistema literari. L'objectiu d'aquest article és analitzar la relació de l'obra (poesia i prosa) de Bello amb: 1) El paper que l'autor desenvolupa en el marc del Surdimientu; 2) El paper que hi assumeixen les seves traduccions, 3) L'impacte de les traduccions de la seva obra en prosa en el sistema literari català
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