1,720,960 research outputs found
Open ankle fusion
No full textThe term "arthrodesis" means a surgical procedure characterized by the fusion between two articular surfaces of a joint, practically obtaining a surgical ankylosis. It was used by Albert in 1879. The main indications for an ankle fusion are represented by serious neurological disorders, severe instability and, above all, by severe osteoarthritis of the joint, both primary and, much more frequently, secondary, especially post-traumatic and in recent years, ankle arthrodesis has seen its indications broaden also to cases of prostheses failure. Regarding the end-stage osteoarthritis, in the literature, the discussion between the choice of an arthrodesis and a total ankle replacement is still open, considering that in recent years ankle prostheses have undergone a marked increase in reliability. The results reported in the literature for ankle fusion seem satisfactory in rates ranging from 80 to even 100% of cases especially in terms of pain reduction, plantar loading, foot stability, walking quality and patient satisfaction. Generally speaking about ankle fusion, all authors agree that good results can be achieved if two main conditions are fulfilled: The fusion and the optimal foot position. The prerequisites for achieving bone fusion are represented by a stable fixation, possibly in compression. The surgical approaches, the choice of which is often conditioned by the planning of each individual case, can be: Anterior (or antero-lateral), posterior, medial, lateral, or combined (lateral and antero-medial). The approach is chosen according to the characteristics of the single case and, when possible, the preferred choice by the authors is the lateral trans-fibular approach. Compression screws are the main choice of the author who reserves the use of the plates for very particular cases because should be noted that with some types of plates it is not possible to have good compression at the level of the arthrodesis interface. When an ankle arthrodesis is indicated, it is mandatory not only to evaluate the sovrasegmentary or foot joints, but also any deformities of the foot. For these reasons it is always necessary to evaluate the need of combined surgery. In the end-stage of ankle osteoarthritis, arthrodesis is still considered an effective surgical solution in the right indications in relation to the alternative surgery represented by arthroplasty. In all cases the operation is performed with the aim of relieving the pain, stabilizing the ankle and of the whole lower limb, and finally recovering an acceptable functional capability in carrying out common daily and work activities
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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