1,720,953 research outputs found
Das Sterbeverfügungsgesetz in Österreich : Verbesserungsmöglichkeiten
No full textZusammenfassungDiese Masterarbeit widmet sich in einer umfassenden Analyse dem österreichischenSterbeverfügungsgesetzes, welches am 1. Jänner 2022 in Kraft getreten ist. ImZentrum der Untersuchung steht die zentrale Forschungsfrage: WelcheVerbesserungen wären an der derzeitigen gesetzlichen Ausgestaltungwünschenswert?Zur Beantwortung dieser Fragestellung wurde ein qualitativer Forschungsansatzgewählt. Im Rahmen einer empirischen Untersuchung wurden elf leitfadengestützteInterviews mit Experten aus relevanten Berufsgruppen geführt. Diese Gesprächegeben tiefe Einblicke in die praktische Umsetzung des Gesetzes, decken bestehendeProbleme auf und liefern fundierte Verbesserungsvorschläge aus Sicht der Praxis.Drei Jahre nach der Einführung des Gesetzes ist es an der Zeit, eine fundierteZwischenbilanz zu ziehen: Ist das Gesetz in seiner gegenwärtigen Form wirklichpraxistauglich und ethisch vertretbar? Welche Intentionen lagen seiner Einführungzugrunde? Welche gesetzlichen Änderungen wurden bereits vorgenommen, welchesind in Vorbereitung, und wie wirken sie sich auf die Umsetzung aus?Die Errichtung einer Sterbeverfügung ist mit einer Reihe aufwändiger Anforderungenverbunden. Alle diese Schritte verursachen nicht nur Kosten, sondern verlangenauch eine hohe physische und psychische Belastbarkeit seitens der Antragsteller.Ein weiterer Aspekt der Arbeit befasst sich mit dem zur Verfügung gestellten letalenPräparat. Welche Varianten der Einnahme stehen zur Verfügung und wiebenutzerfreundlich sind sie für schwer leidende Menschen?Die Frage nach Selbstbestimmung und Würde am Lebensende zieht sich wie einroter Faden durch die gesamte Arbeit. Besteht in Österreich tatsächlich eingesicherter Anspruch auf einen selbstbestimmten, humanen Tod (unabhängig vonWohnort, Bildung, sozialer Lage oder körperlicher Einschränkung)? Ist dieBevölkerung ausreichend über die Existenz, die Voraussetzungen und den Ablaufeiner Sterbeverfügung informiert? Oder ist die Möglichkeit eines assistierten Suizidsin der Öffentlichkeit kaum präsent?Auch ethische und rechtspolitische Grundsatzfragen werden im Rahmen der Arbeitthematisiert: Sollte die bestehende Regelung auch auf minderjährige Personen oderMenschen mit eingeschränkter Äußerungsfähigkeit ausgedehnt werden?Ein vergleichender Blick auf andere Länder innerhalb und außerhalb derEuropäischen Union bietet wertvolle Kontrastperspektiven. Diese Unterschiedeeröffnen Reflexionsräume, um die eigene nationale Regelung zu hinterfragen undmögliche alternative Modelle in Betracht zu ziehen.Im abschließenden Fazit der Arbeit werden diese Vorschläge systematischzusammengeführt, priorisiert und im Hinblick auf ihre rechtliche, ethische undpraktische Umsetzbarkeit bewertet. Ziel ist es, einen konstruktiven Beitrag zurWeiterentwicklung des Gesetzes zu leisten, im Sinne einer inklusiveren, gerechterenund menschenwürdigeren Regelung der Sterbehilfe in Österreich.AbstractThis master's thesis presents a comprehensive analysis of Austria’s Assisted DyingAct, which came into force on January 1, 2022. The central research question guidingmy investigation is the following: What improvements would be desirable in thecurrent legal framework?To address this question, a qualitative research approach was adopted. Eleven semistructured interviews were conducted with experts from key professional fields. Theirfirsthand experiences shed light on how the law is implemented in practice, where itsweaknesses lie, and how it might be improved from a real-world perspective.Now, three years after the law’s introduction, it is time to reflect: Does the currentsystem work as intended? Is it ethically sound and practically manageable? Whatdrove the law’s initial creation, what changes have already been made, and whatfurther reforms are planned?What becomes clear is that the process of creating a valid assisted dying legislatureis both complex and demanding. It involves multiple challenges that not only bringfinancial costs but also require a great deal of physical and emotional strength fromthose individuals—often at a time when they are already vulnerable.Another important point of the thesis is the lethal medication itself: What options existfor taking it, and how user-friendly and dignified are these options for people sufferingfrom serious illness?Throughout the study, one core theme runs consistently: the right to selfdetermination and a dignified end of life. Is this right truly guaranteed to all people inAustria, regardless of their education level, income, or physical condition? And howwell-informed is the public about this legal process and their options?Fundamental ethical and legal questions are also addressed. Should assisted dyingbe extended to include minors or individuals who are no longer able to express theirwill?A comparative look at international practices—both within and outside the EuropeanUnion—provides helpful contrast and inspiration. By examining how other societieshandle assisted dying, Austria’s own approach can be seen more clearly, and newpossibilities can be considered.In the final chapter, the proposals are systematically consolidated, prioritized, andassessed regarding to their legal, ethical, and practical feasibility. The aim is tocontribute to the ongoing development of the law—towards a more inclusive, fair, anddignified framework for assisted dying in Austria.Doris DachoMasterarbeit Universität Graz 2025Zusammenfassung auf Deutsch und Englisc
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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