1,720,958 research outputs found
Cardiotoxicity of Anticancer Drugs: Molecular Mechanisms and Strategies for Cardioprotection
Full text linkChemotherapy and targeted therapies have significantly improved the prognosis of oncology patients. However, these antineoplastic treatments may also induce adverse cardiovascular effects, which may lead to acute or delayed onset of cardiac dysfunction. These common cardiovascular complications, commonly referred to as cardiotoxicity, not only may require the modification, suspension, or withdrawal of life-saving antineoplastic therapies, with the risk of reducing their efficacy, but can also strongly impact the quality of life and overall survival, regardless of the oncological prognosis. The onset of cardiotoxicity may depend on the class, dose, route, and duration of administration of anticancer drugs, as well as on individual risk factors. Importantly, the cardiotoxic side effects may be reversible, if cardiac function is restored upon discontinuation of the therapy, or irreversible, characterized by injury and loss of cardiac muscle cells. Subclinical myocardial dysfunction induced by anticancer therapies may also subsequently evolve in symptomatic congestive heart failure. Hence, there is an urgent need for cardioprotective therapies to reduce the clinical and subclinical cardiotoxicity onset and progression and to limit the acute or chronic manifestation of cardiac damages. In this review, we summarize the knowledge regarding the cellular and molecular mechanisms contributing to the onset of cardiotoxicity associated with common classes of chemotherapy and targeted therapy drugs. Furthermore, we describe and discuss current and potential strategies to cope with the cardiotoxic side effects as well as cardioprotective preventive approaches that may be useful to flank anticancer therapies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
ERBB2 circumvents negative feedback mechanisms induced by EGFR overactivation in basal-like/triple-negative breast cancer cells
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Dissecting the crosstalk between glucocorticoids and growth factors: implications for cardiac regenerative therapies
No full textUnlike certain lower vertebrates with remarkable regenerative abilities, humans and other mammals face limitations in regenerating tissues and organs. As a result, myocardial injuries in mammals often lead to heart failure, driven by the irreversible death and loss of cardiomyocytes and the heart's insufficient regenerative capacity to replace them. We recently demonstrated that physiological glucocorticoids reduce cardiomyocyte proliferation and regeneration by activating the Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR). Transcriptomic data from cultured cardiomyocytes treated in vitro with glucocorticoids revealed that glucocorticoids induce the expression of DUSP1 and ERRFI1, which are negative regulators of MAPK/ERK signaling. This pathway is pivotal in mediating the cardiac regenerative effect of RTK-dependent growth factors such as NRG1, FGF1, IGF2, IGF1, as well as RTK-independent growth factors and cytokines like BMP7, OSM, LIF, RANKL, IL6, IL13, IL4, and IL1-β. Glucocorticoids inhibited cardiomyocyte proliferation induced by all these regenerative factors. Using NRG1 as the primary model system for cardiac regenerative factors, we demonstrate that glucocorticoids suppress growth factor-induced ERK phosphorylation, nuclear translocation, and the transcription of Immediate Early Genes (IEGs). Importantly, knock-down experiments targeting Dusp1 and Errfi1 confirmed their specific involvement in corticosterone-induced inhibition of growth factor-induced mitogenic potential. We also observed that the expression of GR targets, including the MAP kinase negative regulators Dusp1 and Errfi1, increases during early postnatal development. Notably, GR antagonism during this period preserved MAPK/ERK pathway activity. In line, inhibition of DUSP1 in post-mitotic cardiomyocytes restored growth factor-induced MAPK pathway activation and proliferation. In post-mitotic cardiomyocytes, antagonizing or ablating the glucocorticoid receptor was sufficient to restore NRG1-induced mitogenic capacity. Finally, GR antagonization combined with NRG1 administration induced cardiomyocytes cell cycle activity and preserved cardiac function in adult mouse models of cardiac damage induced by anthracycline administration. We propose the transient inhibition of GCs/GR activity as a promising strategy for enhancing MAPK-based cardiac regenerative therapies
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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