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Reinventando tradições : representações e identidades da bruxaria neopagã no Brasil
Get PDFTese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Humanas, Departamento de História, Programa de Pós-Graduação em História, 2013.Este trabalho enfoca o processo histórico de implantação e divulgação, no Brasil,de uma das religiões pós-tradicionais mais populares no Ocidente: a bruxaria neopagãcontemporânea, ou Wicca. Sistematizada no princípio dos anos 1950, na Inglaterra, apartir do neopaganismo romântico e de teorias antropológicas correntes no início doséculo XX, a Wicca passou por consideráveis transformações no seu conjunto inicial derepresentações, conforme ganhava contornos mais populares e se difundia,principalmente, nos EUA. Ao difundir-se no Brasil, no entanto, a partir do início dadécada de 1990, ela passa por uma verdadeira reconstrução, na qual princípios básicosda religião são ressignificados. O que busquei, portanto, analisar, são os elementosenvolvidos na formação de representações e identidades características dessa religião noBrasil, partindo do argumento que a forma como ela foi aqui divulgada, aliada a fatoresculturais preexistentes no imaginário dos praticantes brasileiros, lhe conferiramespecificidade. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThis work focuses on the historical process of implantation and propagation, in
Brazil, of one of the most popular post-traditional religions of the Western World: the
contemporary neopagan witchcraft, or Wicca. Systematized in the early ‘50s, in
England, from romantic neopaganism and anthropological theories that was current in
the beginning of the 20th century, Wicca passed through considerable transformations in
its inicial set of representations, as it gains more popular shape and disseminates,
mainly, in the United States. When it was diffused in Brazil, however, in the early ‘90s,
it passed through a real reconstruction, along which basic principles of the religion are
resignified. Therefore, what I searched was to analyze the elements involved in the
conformation of typical representations and identities of that religion, in Brazil, starting
from the argument that the way in which it was propagated, allied with preexistent
cultural factors of the Brazilian adherents imaginary, gave it specificity.Instituto de Ciências Humanas (ICH)Departamento de História (ICH HIS)Programa de Pós-Graduação em Históri
HOUVE BRUXAS NO BRASIL?
No full textEste artigo discute a existência de paralelos entre a bruxaria européia e manifestações correlatas no Brasil colonial, enfatizando as peculiaridades culturais das bruxas brasileiras e a atuação das Visitações do Santo Ofício
Os bruxos do século XX : neopaganismo e invenção de tradições na Inglaterra do pós-guerra
Get PDFDissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Humanas, Departamento de História, 2008.Este trabalho enfoca o surgimento de uma religião: a moderna bruxaria neopagã, ou Wicca, a partir da obra do funcionário aposentado da Coroa Britânica, Gerald Brosseau Gardner, em meados do século XX. Baseada em crenças e idéias já bastante difundidas desde fins do século anterior, mas restritas a uma parcela específica da sociedade inglesa - entre as quais se incluem as teorias antropológicas de Sir James Frazer e de Margaret Murray - poucos anos após a sua divulgação a doutrina de Gardner alcançou imensa popularidade, sendo hoje contada entre as religiões com maior número de adeptos. Além disso, causou a ressignificação não apenas do movimento neopagão, cujo cunho nacionalista ou literário é abandonado em prol do caráter religioso, como da própria figura da bruxa. O que buscamos traçar, portanto, foram não apenas as origens e influências que resultaram na síntese de Gardner, mas igualmente os fatores sociais que possibilitaram seu surgimento e sua rápida expansão, entre os quais se incluem a necessidade de recuperação de poder numa Inglaterra devastada pela guerra e que perdera a sua posição hegemônica no panorama mundial, bem como a criação de uma identidade contra-cultural em um mundo em rápida transformação. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThis work focuses on the birth of a new religion: the contemporary neopagan witchcraft, or Wicca, centered on the work of the retired servant of the British Empire, Gerald Brosseau Gardner, in the middle 20th Century. Based on beliefs and ideas strongly spread since the end of the last century, but restricted to a specific portion of the british society – among which are included the anthropological theories of Sir James Frazer and Margaret Murray – just a few years after its publishing, Gardner’s doctrine has reached an immense popularity, being ranked, today, between the greater religions of the world in number of adherents. In addition, it caused the resignification of not only the neopagan movement, which nationalist or literarily pattern is abandoned by means of the religious character, but also of the figure of the witch itself. What we tried to trace, this way, were not only the origins and influences that results in the Gardner’s synthesis, but also the social factors that granted its rising and its fast spreading, among which are included the need of power retrieving in a war-devastated England that has lost his hegemonic position in the world background, asides the creation of a counter-cultural identity in a fast transforming world.Instituto de Ciências Humanas (ICH)Departamento de História (ICH HIS)Programa de Pós-Graduação em Históri
Quem eram as bruxas de Gardner?
No full textGerald Gardner, considerado fundador da religião neopagã contemporânea conhecida como Wicca, alegava em suas obras ter obtido seus conhecimentos de um grupo de bruxas inglesas tradicionais. O presente artigo coteja o discurso contido nos livros de Gardner com os conhecimentos históricos a respeito de bruxaria na Inglaterra, buscando esclarecer quais foram suas verdadeiras fontes e influências
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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