1,720,979 research outputs found
Should the Wave-Function be a Part of the Quantum Ontological State?
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Dual-Lagrangian description adapted to quantum optics in dispersive and dissipative dielectric media
No full textInternational audienceWe develop a dual description of quantum optics adapted to dielectric systems without magnetic property. Our formalism, which is shown to be equivalent to the standard one within some dipolar approximations discussed in the article, is applied to the description of polaritons in dielectric media. We show that the dual formalism leads to the Huttner-Barnett equations [B. Huttner and S. M. Barnett, Phys. Rev. A 46, 4306 (1992)] for QED in dielectric systems. More generally, we discuss the role of electromagnetic duality in the quantization procedure for optical systems and derive the structure of the dynamical laws in the various representations
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Le champ proche optique et la détection de nano-objets moléculaires individuels
No full textEn microscopie à champ proche optique dite "à ouverture" la lumière est confinée dans une ouverture de diamètre de l'ordre de 100 nm située en bout d'une fibre optique étirée et métallisée qui fait office de sonde excitatrice locale. Cette microscopie de proximité se carctérise essentiellement par l'utilisation des propriétés non propagatives de la lumière transmise par l'ouverture. Après un rappel des principes de bases de l'optique en champ proche et une description du fonctionnement du microscope utilisé dans ce travail, nous développons une étude théorique et analytique des profils d'émission en champ lointain de la pointe qui permet de justifier les propriétés observées expérimentalement dans ses carctérisations goniométriques. Ensuite, nous présentons un ensemble de résultats expérimentaux concernant l'étude de nano-objets fluorescents susceptibles d'améliorer notre compréhension des propriétés électromagnétiques locales du champ proche de la pointe. cette étude se termine par une discussion théorique sur la validité des modèles communément admis pour le champ proche (modèle de Bouwkamp) et par une présentation des premiers résultats de détection de molécules uniques obtenus à l'aide de ce microscope.GRENOBLE1-BU Sciences (384212103) / SudocSudocFranceF
Description of spontaneous photon emission and local density of states in the presence of a lossy polaritonic inhomogeneous medium
No full textInternational audienceWe provide a description of spontaneous emission in a dispersive and dissipative linear inhomogeneous medium based on the generalized Huttner-Barnett model [Phys. Rev. A 46, 4306 (1992)]. Our discussion considers on an equal footing both the photonic and material fluctuations which are necessary to preserve unitarity of the quantum evolution. Within this approach we justify the results obtained in the past using the Langevin noise method that neglects the removal of photonic fluctuations. We finally discuss the concept of local density of states in a lossy and dispersive inhomogeneous environment that provides a basis for theoretical studies of fluorescent emitters near plasmonic and polaritonic antennas
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