1,720,967 research outputs found

    Influence of temperature on biofilm formation by Listeria monocytogenes on various food-contact surfaces, relationship with motility and cell surface hydrophobicity

    No full text
    Aims: To assess the ability of Listeria monocytogenes to form biofilm on differentfood-contact surfaces with regard to different temperatures, cellular hydrophobicityand motility.Methods and Results: Forty-four L. monocytogenes strains from food and foodenvironment were tested for biofilm formation by crystal violet staining. Biofilmlevels were significantly higher on glass at 4, 12 and 22C, as comparedwith polystyrene and stainless steel. At 37C, L. monocytogenes produced biofilmat significantly higher levels on glass and stainless steel, as compared withpolystyrene. Hydrophobicity was significantly (P < 0Æ05) higher at 37C than at4, 12 and 22C. Thirty (68Æ2%) of 44 strains tested showed swimming at 22Cand 4 (9Æ1%) of those were also motile at 12C. No correlation was observedbetween swimming and biofilm production.Conclusions: L. monocytogenes can adhere to and form biofilms on food-processingsurfaces. Biofilm formation is significantly influenced by temperature,probably modifying cell surface hydrophobicity.Significance and Impacts of the Study: Biofilm formation creates major problemsin the food industry because it may represent an important source of foodcontamination. Our results are therefore important in finding ways to preventcontamination because they contribute to a better understanding on howL. monocytogenes can establish biofilms in food industry and therefore survivein the processing environment.[...

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

    Full text link
    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
    corecore