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Impact of Moldova droughts on sunflower harvest in the context of regional climate change
No full textDroughts in the Republic of Moldova are some of the most dangerous phenomena of nature, representing the specific feature of the regional climate. At the same time, the increase in the frequency and intensity of droughts in the last 20 years is an obvious response to regional climate change, and primarily due to the process of warming and arid regional climate. Based on the study, the droughts of 2007 and 2012 were described from an agrometeorological point of view, with the establishment of their impact on the size of sunflower harvest. The drought of 2007 on the territory of the Republic of Moldova intensified to the maximum during May-July, when the average air temperature in the territory was +21-+ 23°C, being 3-4°C higher than normal, and the amount of precipitation made up only 30% of the norm. During the described drought the average monthly value of the Hydrothermal Coefficient of the territory humidity (HTC), in most of the republic (except for the extreme northern districts), varied between 0.2 and 0.5, which corresponds to the strong drought and very strong. As a result of the 2007 drought, the average sunflower yield in the country was 7 q/ha, by 6 q/ha lower than in 2006, when it was 13 q/ha. The drought in the summer of 2012 on the territory of the republic was characterized by large thermal and water anomalies. The average air temperature for the period June-August was higher than the norm values by 3.04.5°C and was +21.7-+ 24.8°С, and the amount of precipitation falling in the country during the mentioned period varied between 35 and 70% of the norm. During the described drought, the average monthly value of HTC over a large part of the country in June-August varied between 0.1 and 0.5, values specific to strong and very strong droughts. As a result of the drought in the summer of 2012, the average yield of sunflower seeds in the country was 10 q/ha, by 6 q/ha lower than the yield in 2011, when it was 16 q/ha. The mapping and analysis of data on the average yield of 1 ha of sunflower in administrative-territorial profile, allowed the establishment of the degree of damage to the territory of the Republic of Moldova by strong and very strong droughts in 2007 and 2012. Thus, these droughts were catastrophic in terms of the occupied area, affecting 80-90% of the territory of the republic. According to the main agro-meteorological indices, the droughts of 2007 and 2012 even surpassed the drought of 1946, bringing direct damage to the national economy in the amount of over three billion US dollars.Secetele în Republica Moldova sunt unele dintre cele mai periculoase fenomene ale naturii, reprezentând trăsătura specifică a climei regionale. Creșterea frecvenței și intensității secetelor din ultimii 20 de ani reprezintă un răspuns evident la schimbările climatice regionale și, în primul rând, o consecinţă a procesului de încălzire și aridizare a climei regionale. Au fost descrise din punct de vedere agrometeorologic secetele din anii 2007 și 2012, cu stabilirea impactului lor asupra mărimii roadei la floarea-soarelui. Seceta din anul 2007 s-a intensificat la maximum în perioada mai-iulie, când temperatura medie a aerului în teritoriu a fost de +21-+23°C, cu 3-4°C peste normă, iar cantitatea de precipitaţii a alcătuit doar 30% din normă. În perioada dată, valoarea medie lunară a coeficientului hidrotermic al umidităţii teritoriului (CHT), în cea mai mare parte a republicii (cu excepţia raioanelor extreme de nord), a variat între 0,2 și 0,5, ceea ce corespunde secetei puternice și foarte puternice. Ca urmare a secetei din anul 2007, roada medie de floarea-soarelui pe țară a fost de 7 q/ha, cu 6 q/ha mai scăzută față de roada anului 2006, când s-au obţinut 13 q/ha. Seceta din vara anului 2012 s-a caracterizat prin anomalii termice și hidrice mari. Temperatura medie a aerului pentru perioada iunie–august a fost mai ridicată față de valorile normei cu 3,0-4,5°C și a constituit +21,7-+24,8°С, iar cantitatea precipitațiilor căzute în teritoriul țării pe parcursul perioadei menționate a variat între 35 și 70% din normă. În perioada menţionată, valoarea medie lunară a CHT, în lunile iunie-august, pe o mare parte a țării a variat între 0,1 și 0,5, valori specifice secetelor puternice și foarte puternice. Ca urmare a secetei din vara anului 2012, roada medie de semințe de floarea-soarelui pe țară a fost de 10 q/ ha, cu 6 q/ha mai scăzută față de roada anului 2011, când a fost de 16 q/ha. Cartografierea și analiza datelor privind roada medie la 1 ha de floarea-soarelui în profil administrativ-teritorial a permis stabilirea gradului de afectare a teritoriului Republicii Moldova de către secetele puternice și foarte puternice din anii 2007 și 2012. Astfel, aceste secete au fost catastrofale după teritoriul ocupat, afectând 80-90% din suprafaţa republicii. După principalii indici agrometeorologici, secetele din anii 2007 și 2012 au întrecut chiar şi seceta din anul 1946, aducând prejudicii directe economiei naţionale în sumă de peste trei miliarde de dolari americani
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Areas for maximum yield formation in sunflower on the territory of the Republic of Moldova
Get PDFOnly AbstractSimilar as entire agricultural sector, sunflower crop is significantly affected by climate change. On the territory of the Republic of Moldova, besides sown areas and used agricultural technologies, the climatic factors also play an important role in harvest obtaining. In this study the degree of favorability of the country's territory for sunflower cultivation, depending on the distribution of air temperature and precipitation was analyzed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Favorable areas for sunflower production in the Republic of Moldova
Get PDFOnly AbstractIn this study the degree of favorability of the country's territory, depending on the distribution of air temperature and precipitation was analyzed. For this purpose, the statistical analysis of the data regarding sunflower yield for the period of 2003-2021 and its correlation with precipitation and temperature during the same period was carried out using XLSTAT - Excel module. Land favorability modeling for sunflower cultivation was carried out using QGIS - open source software, with complex possibilities for analysis and presentation of the results
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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