1,721,096 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
An Unemployment Re-Insurance Scheme for the Eurozone? Stabilizing and Redistributive Effects: Summary of the study
Full text linkThe study summarized here is the first analysis to evaluate an unemployment re-insurance scheme for the euro area as regards potential stabilizing and redistributive effects. The results show that such a scheme can stabi- lize economies in the euro area and could thus contribute to cushioning large labor market shocks. More specifically, this study runs a series of simulations to show that an unemployment re-insurance scheme would have had a counter-cyclical effect in all euro area countries during the simulation period and would not have led to permanent transfer payments. The novel feature of the study is that it separates the stabilization effects of the unemployment re-insurance scheme into two channels relevant to the current political debate: First, it indicates the potential for stabilization through payments between countries (so-called interregional stabilization). Stabili- zation through this channel arises because labor market fluctuations differ across countries, i.e., shocks are not completely "symmetric". Second, the study estimates the so-called intertemporal stabilization potential. This channel describes the stabilization that member states can achieve when taking out loans in times of crisis and repaying them in good times. Thus, this channel is indicative of the stabilization potential of loan-based re-insur- ance models as set out in the BMF proposal. The distinction between the two stabilization channels is crucial for assessing the possible value added of different reform options. Intertemporal stabilization can be achieved through national debt or through financial assistance programs of the European Stability Mechanism (ESM) in the case of loss of market access. By contrast, interregional stabilization only arises by pooling contribution pay- ments within a common fund and disbursing transfers from it if a member state is hit by a large labor market shock
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
An Unemployment Re-Insurance Scheme for the Eurozone? Stabilizing and Redistributive Effects
No full textThis paper develops a decomposition framework to study the importance of different stabilization channels of an unemployment re-insurance scheme for the euro area. Running counterfactual simulations based on household micro data for the period 2000–16, the paper finds that the re-insurance would have cushioned on average 12% (8%) of income losses through interregional (intertemporal) smoothing. These results suggest that the smoothing effect of the re-insurance which is due to asymmetries in labor market shocks would have raised the income insurance of a typical unemployment insurance scheme in the euro area by more than 50%. The simulated re-insurance scheme would have been revenue-neutral at EA-19, but not at the member-state level. Average annual net contributions would have amounted to -0.1–0.1 per cent of GDP. The paper discusses how different variants of the re-insurance might affect the risk of moral hazard
Chances and risks of a European unemployment benefit scheme
Full text linkThe Eurozone debt crisis has revived the debate about deeper fiscal integration in the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). Some observers argue that fiscal risk sharing is necessary to make the Eurozone more resilient to macroeconomic shocks and to avoid its break-up. However, the main concerns relate to the issues of permanent transfers across Member States and moral hazard. The 2012 Four Presidents' Report suggested that fiscal integration could include a common unemployment insurance system. A White Paper outlining further steps necessary to complete EMU is to be released by the European Commission in the spring of 2017. This ZEW policy brief presents new research findings on the stabilizing and redistributive effects of a common unemployment insurance scheme for the euro area (henceforth EMU-UI).1 It provides insights regarding its potential added value and discusses moral hazard issues
Automatic Stabilization and Redistribution in Europe and the US
No full textThe aim of this book is to evaluate the stabilizing and redistributive role of tax and transfer systems in Europe and the US. In the �first chapter, we briefly
introduce the method of counterfactual simulations which is applied throughout this book. Chapter 2 compares the effectiveness of automatic stabilizers in Europe
and the US to protect households against income losses and to stabilize aggregate demand. Chapter 3 extends this analysis and asks how much weight European tax and transfer systems put on different income groups to insure them against income shocks. Chapter 4 shifts the focus to the redistributive role of the income tax system in the US during the last three decades and analyzes the direct effects of tax policy reforms on the income distribution. In chapter 5, we �first document how the strength of automatic stabilizers has changed over time in the US. We
then estimate in a set of panel regressions for the US states partisan effects on the stabilizing and redistributive capacity of the income tax system
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
