1,720,964 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
CHOZN® CHO K1 cell line development platform optimization for production of therapeutic recombinant proteins
No full textLa production de protéines recombinantes thérapeutiques est une évolution majeure, qui a permis de répondre aux limitations de la production par des sources naturelles et de développer de nouveaux médicaments. Les anticorps monoclonaux dominent désormais le marché des protéines recombinantes à application thérapeutique. La génération d’une lignée cellulaire est la première étape du développement du procédé de production d’une protéine recombinante à usage thérapeutique. Cette étape, décisive à de nombreux points de vue, assure le développement d’une lignée cellulaire clonale, productrice de la protéine recombinante et stable.Une plateforme de génération de lignées cellulaires est composée d’une lignée hôte, d’un vecteur d’expression et d’un procédé de génération de lignée. La thèse a pour objectif de comprendre les paramètres critiques pour l’expression de protéines recombinantes en cellules CHO (Chinese Hamster Ovary), du point de vue de chacun des éléments de la plateforme. Ces travaux ont directement été mis en application dans un contexte industriel. En effet, ils visent à optimiser la plateforme CHOZN® CHO K1, proposée dans le cadre des activités de CDMO (Contract Development and Manufacturing Organization) de Merck, afin d’augmenter la productivité des lignées générées et de réduire les délais de développement.Les caractéristiques et la performance de la plateforme de génération de lignée cellulaires CHOZN® CHO K1 ont d’abord été définies au cours d’un procédé basé sur une génération de mini-pools et une génération de clones. Cette caractérisation initiale, ayant conduit à l’obtention en 7,5 mois de clones produisant plus de 1 g/L d’un anticorps monoclonal standard, a permis d’identifier deux axes de travaux de recherche : l’optimisation du procédé de génération de lignées cellulaires clonales pour la diminution des délais de développement de lignées, et l’optimisation du vecteur d’expression, pour l’augmentation de la productivité des lignées générées.Un procédé de génération de lignées accéléré, appelé clonage direct, a été évalué. Ce procédé a permis de réduire de près de moitié la durée du procédé de développement de lignées, mais a, en revanche, conduit à la diminution de la productivité des lignées générées.Par ailleurs, plusieurs promoteurs atténués ont été évalués pour l’expression de la résistance à la pression de sélection, indispensable pour la génération de clones stables et producteurs. Certains promoteurs, utilisés lors d’un procédé de génération de lignées basé sur le clonage direct précédemment évalué, ont conduit à l’obtention en 4 mois de clones produisant plus de 3 g/L d’un anticorps monoclonal standard. De façon générale, l’utilisation de ces promoteurs a conduit à l’augmentation de la productivité des lignées générées. L’augmentation de la productivité des lignées a été confirmée sur plusieurs anticorps monoclonaux et une protéine de fusion Fc.Ces travaux ont donc permis d’augmenter la productivité des lignées recombinantes, et de diminuer les délais de développement de ces lignées. Ces enjeux sont cruciaux, dans un contexte où le processus de mise sur le marché d’une molécule thérapeutique est très concurrentiel.Production of therapeutic recombinant proteins is a major development, which has made possible to respond to the limitations of production by natural sources and to develop new drugs. Monoclonal antibodies now dominate the market for recombinant proteins for therapeutic applications. The generation of a cell line is the first step in the development of a recombinant protein production process for therapeutic use. This step, which is decisive from many points of view, ensures the development of a stable clonal cell line that produces the recombinant protein.A cell line generation platform is composed of a host cell line, an expression vector and a cell line generation process. The objective of this thesis was to understand the critical parameters for the expression of recombinant proteins in CHO (Chinese Hamster Ovary) cells, from the point of view of each of the platform components. This work was directly applied in an industrial context. Indeed, this work aims at optimizing the CHOZN® CHO K1 platform, proposed within the framework of Merck's CDMO (Contract Development and Manufacturing Organization) activities, in order to increase productivity of recombinant cell lines and to reduce the development timelines.The characteristics and performance of the CHOZN® CHO K1 cell line generation platform were first defined in a process based on a mini-pool generation and a clone generation. This initial characterization, which led to the production of clones producing more than 1 g/L of a standard monoclonal antibody in 7.5 months, led to the identification of two areas of research: optimization of the clonal cell line generation process to reduce cell line development times, and optimization of the expression vector to increase the productivity of generated cell lines.An accelerated cell line development process, called direct single-cell cloning, was evaluated. This process reduced the duration of the line development process by almost half, but led to a decrease in the productivity of the generated cell lines.In addition, several attenuated promoters were evaluated for the expression of resistance to selection pressure, essential for the generation of stable and producing clones. Some promoters, used in a cell line generation process based on direct single-cell cloning previously evaluated, led to the identification in 4 months of clones producing more than 3 g/L of a standard monoclonal antibody. In general, the use of these promoters led to an increase of productivity of generated cell lines. This productivity increase was confirmed on several monoclonal antibodies and an Fc fusion protein.This work has thus made it possible to increase the productivity of recombinant cell lines and to reduce cell line development timelines. These issues are crucial in a context where the process of bringing a therapeutic molecule to the market is highly competitive
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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