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Polimorfismi biochimici nel sangue e nel latte della capra sarda
No full textThe Authors, in a study on 990 individual samples of blood and milk collected from Sardinian goats, have
found the presence of polymorphism at the loci Hb, Tf, X protein, β- Lg, αs-Cn, while the loci Alb, CA, SOD,
α-La, β-Cn were monomorphic
Transcript analysis at DGAT1 reveals different mRNA profiles for river buffaloes with extreme phenotypes for milk fat
Full text linkThe DGAT1 catalyses the last reaction of the triacylglycerol synthesis and, in cattle, it was assessed as QTL for milk fat. Among ruminants, the buffaloes produce milk with a higher fat content; therefore, the improvement of this trait is one of the main goals for the progress of the species. The transcriptomic profile of DGAT1 in lactating buffaloes was never investigated. Our data revealed complex mRNA patterns and genetic diversity in buffaloes with extreme milk fat phenotypes. These findings open the opportunity for new transcriptomic investigations in fat metabolism genes, including the future possibility to select alleles with favourable characteristics
A SNP at the exon 1 of the Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene is associated with milk traits in the Mediterranean River buffalo
No full textLipoprotein lipase is a key enzyme for the lipid metabolism playing a fundamental role in the composition of fat in adipose
tissue as well as in milk. LPL gene was poorly investigated in dairy ruminants, and it has been never studied in river buffalo.
Aims of this work were to explore the genetic diversity of LPL (from exon 1 to 4) in this species; to characterize the gene
promoter; and to achieve an association study with milk traits. Genomic DNA of 14 individual samples of Mediterranean
Italian breed was amplified and sequenced. Thirteen consensus sequences for transcription factors were found. C/EBPα
and Oct-1 are the main regulatory motifs together with LP-α, although a deeper investigation is necessary to elucidate the
role of the latter element, which in buffalo (and ruminants in general) is lacking the downstream cis-acting motifs (LP-β)
compared to human. A total of 11 SNPs have been detected. The SNP g.107A>G was the only polymorphism found at
exon level, therefore a genotyping was achieved by PCR-RFLP in a population of 523 Mediterranean buffaloes. The allele
frequency was 0.63 and 0.37 respectively for the G and A allele. This SNP was significantly associated with n3-PUFA
(P<0.03; 306 individual milk samples), with the GG genotype showing the highest value (+8.25% and +7.14% compared
with AA and AG, respectively). The AA and GG genotypes showed higher values also for the milk yield compared with AG,
but the estimated difference only approached the level of significance (P=0.07). This study is among the first reports that
show an association between milk fatty acids and LPL genotype in ruminants, and it adds further knowledge in the study
of genes involved in the regulation of milk fatty acids composition in river buffalo
Prediction of meat quality traits in the abattoir using portable and hand-held near-infrared spectrometers
Full text linkThe use of near-infrared spectrometers (NIRS) for predicting meat quality traits directly in the abattoir was tested with three trials. For the calibration trial, spectra were acquired from the cross-cut surface of the Longissimus thoracis muscle on 1166 carcasses of Piemontese young bulls with a portable visible-near-infrared spectrometer (Vis-NIRS) and with a small hand-held instrument (Micro-NIRS). A sample of the same muscle was analyzed to provide the reference. Validation statistics of the two instruments were similar. Predictabilities of meat color and purge loss were good, whereas for the other traits they were less promising. The repeatability trial showed that post-slaughter factors, not predictable by NIR spectra collected in the abattoir, affect reference meat quality values. A trial under operative conditions showed that both spectrometers were able to capture the major sources of variation in most of the meat quality traits. Overall, NIRS could be used to predict the animals' “native” characteristics exploitable for genetic improvement of meat quality traits
Structural properties of food proteins underlying stability or susceptibility to human gastrointestinal digestion
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Genome-wide association and pathway analysis of carcass and meat quality traits in Piemontese young bulls
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