1,721,403 research outputs found
Empirical evidence for intraspecific multiple realization?
No full textDespite the remarkable advances in behavioral and brain sciences over the last decades, the mind-body (brain) problem is still an open debate and one of the most intriguing questions for both cognitive neuroscience and philosophy of mind. Traditional approaches have conceived this problem in terms of a contrast between physicalist monism and Cartesian dualism. However, since the late sixties, the landscape of philosophical views on the problem has become more varied and complex. The Multiple Realization Thesis (MRT) claims that mental properties can be (or are) realized, and mental processes can be (or are) implemented by neural correlates of different kinds. Thus, MRT challenges the psychoneural type-identity theory and the corresponding reductionism. Many philosophers have acknowledged the a priori plausibility of MRT. However, the existence of empirical evidence in favor of intraspecific, human multiple realizations of mental processes and properties is still controversial. Here, we illustrate some cases that provide empirical evidence in support of MRT. Recently, it has been proposed that foveal agnosic vision, like peripheral vision, can be restored by increasing object parts’ spacing (Crutch and Warrington, 2007; Strappini et al., 2017b). Agnosic fovea and normal periphery are both limited by crowding, which impairs object recognition, and provides the signature of visual integration. Here, we define a psychological property of restored object identification, and we cross-reference the data of visually impaired patients with different etiologies. In particular, we compare the data of two stroke patients, two patients with posterior cortical atrophy, six cases of strabismic amblyopia, and one case with restored sight. We also compare these patients with unimpaired subjects tested in the periphery. We show that integration (i.e., restored recognition) seems to describe quite accurately the visual performance in all these cases. Whereas the patients have different etiologies and different neural correlates, the unimpaired subjects have no neural damage. Thus, similarity in the psychological property given the differences in the neural substrate can be interpreted in relation to MRT and provide evidence in its support. Finally, we will frame our contribution within the current debate concerning MRT providing new and compelling empirical evidence
Il progetto “Libri Ponti di Pace” e il nuovo catalogo online delle biblioteche francescane di Gerusalemme
No full textIl progetto “Libri Ponti di Pace” e il nuovo catalogo online delle biblioteche francescane di Gerusalemm
I giuramenti collettivi di pace e alleanza nell'Italia comunale
Full text linkRIASSUNTO Analisi comparata dei giuramenti collettivi di pace e alleanza tra le città dell'Italia comunale nei secoli XI-XIV. Distingue tra i giuramenti "super animam populi", quelli che presentano un certo numero di "giutati campione" e quelli che vedono partecipare la totalità degli aventi diritto (maschi adulti) della comunità. SUMMARY Comparative analysis of collective oaths of peace and alliance between the communes of Italy (XI-XIV centuries). It differentiates among oaths "super animam populi", those with a certain number of sworn people as sample and those with the participation of all stakeholders (adult male) of the community
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
L'ordine del disordine
No full textNell'articolo L'ordine del disordine, contuto nel volume Racconti di pace e di guerra, l'autore si sofferma sul nucleo centrale dell'ordine autentico, quello che scaturisce dalla libertà dell'uomo. Il "serba ordinem et ordo serbabit te" costituisce una regola fondamentale per l'impostazione della propria vita. Non un ordine imposto dall'esterno, ma scaturente dalla possibilità dell'ermonizzazione interiore tra ragione e natura. L'esempio di autori come Erasmo e Spinoza offre la possibilità di approfondire e di sviluppare la tematica propost
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Let not thy left hand know what thy right hand knoweth: The case of a patient with an infarct severing the callosal pathways.
No full textSELECTIVE READING SLOWNESS IN A TRAUMATIC PATIENT WITH IMPAIRMENT IN BASIC VISUAL PROCESSES
No full textFollowing a closed-head injury, G.M., a 17-year-old male, showed a reading disturbance in the absence of other cognitive deficits. G.M.'s reading was exceedingly slow, although virtually error free. Analysis of his disorder indicated an inability to read words presented tachistoscopically to the left (spared) visual field. Therefore the reading deficit cannot be interpreted as simply due to the visual field reduction (hemianopic alexia). Reading speed was clearly affected by word length, a finding typical of letter-by-letter reading. Both behavioral and psychophysical testing indicated a selective reduction of visual discrimination and detection (particularly in the range of high spatial frequency information) in portions of the left hemifield which appeared spared upon perimetric examination. Overall, it is suggested that the reading deficit, phenomenologically similar to that of other letter-by-letter readers, can be interpreted as due to a combination of basic visual perturbations: visual field cut with macular splitting and deficit of processing of high spatial frequency information
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