1,720,998 research outputs found
Role of sensorial perceptions in feed selection and intake by domestic herbivores
Full text linkSensorial perceptions play an important role in feed selection and intake by herbivores.
Much research has been carried out to study the sensorial perceptions evoked by forages and their
effects on intake and feed selection. Certain specific compounds are clearly able to evoke positive or
negative sensorial perceptions when forages are eaten. This might lead to the development of plant
extracts and aromas that might be used to improve the intake of unpalatable feeds. In the case of concentrates,
the little research available seems to support an important role of the interaction between
sensorial perceptions and post-ingestive effects when simple unmixed concentrates are supplied. It is
not clear to what extent these effects are important when compound concentrates are offered. Despite
these advances, it appears that most of the research carried out so far has been exploratory and observational.
More research is needed to better understand the mechanisms underlying feed palatability
before it can be included in intake prediction models
Effect of different forage species supplemented with two carbohydrate sources on short and medium chain fatty acids in sheep milk
Full text linkSixty four Sarda dairy sheep fed with diets based on fresh forage were allocated to eight groups to evaluate the effect of corn or beet pulp based supplementation on milk fatty acid composition. Four forage species were compared: annual ryegrass (RY,Lolium rigidumGaudin), sulla (SU,Hedysarum coronariumL.), burr medic (BM,Medicago polymorphaL.), and garland, a daisy forb, (CH,Chrysanthemum coronariumL.). The supplements were iso-nitrogenous but differed in carbohydrate composition consisting either of 60% (DM) of corn (concentrate C) or 40% sugar beet pulp (concentrate BP). The supplementation was iso-energetic (500 and 530 g/d, respectively).
Overall during winter period (growing stage of the forages) SU and RY groups showed higher levels of atherogenicity
index and C16:0. In winter period BP outperformed C for palmitic acid. In spring AI showed a trend similar to that of winter. Moreover C concentrate gave a better level of AI and myristic acid than BP. This study confirms that forage species and, to a lesser extent, carbohydrate source in the supplement markedly affect mediumchain FA profile and hence atherogenicity index in sheep milk
Excretion of Aflatoxin M1 in milk of goats fed diet contaminated by Aflatoxin B1
Full text linkAn experiment was carried out to study the excretion of aflatoxin M1(AFM1) in
milk of three goats fed a single dose (0.8mg/head) of pure aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). The values of AFM1
concentration excreted in milk was highly variable among goats, even if the pattern of excretion over
time was very similar among the three animals. AFM1 was first detected at the milking performed
1h after the AFB1 administration. The highest values of AFM1 concentration in milk were reached 3
and 6h after the AFB1 intake. The trend of clearance of AFM1 in milk over time was expressed by a
decreasing exponential equation. AFM1 concentration was below the EU maximum allowed level (50
ng/L) in milk collected 36 h after the AFB1 administration
Effet de la disponibilité en herbe et de la structure du couvert herbacé sur l'ingestion et la production de brebis au pâturage
No full textCe papier rapporte les résultats de trois ans d'études menées en Sardaigne entre 1992 et 1994
avec l'objectif de vérifier l'effet de l'intensité du pâturage et de la supplémentation sur les performances de
brebis laitières et sur la structure d'une prairie de ray-grass d'Italie (
Lam.). Lors des deux
essais de pâturage de printemps et des deux d’hiver ont été comparées différentes intensités de pâturage
identifiées par des objectifs de maintien de la hauteur d'herbe (HH) à des niveaux différents. Chaque lot était
divisé en deux sous-lots qui recevaient 0 ou 500 g/b/j de maïs grain. Les résultats montrent que la différence
d’intensité de pâturage a influencé la production de biomasse aérienne du ray-grass d'Italie, sa répartition en
différents composants et les performances des animaux. HH est corrélée positivement avec la disponibilité en
matière sèche. L'intensité de pâturage a influencé la structure de la prairie. La disponibilité en matière sèche et
sa composition ont influencé également l'ingestion d'herbe (HI) qui s’accroît avec l'augmentation de HH. De
plus, HI a été plus faible pour les brebis qui consommaient du maïs ; le taux de substitution a été compris entre
56 et 211% en hiver et entre 50 et 150% au printemps. En hiver comme au printemps, le temps de pâturage
augmente lorsque HH diminue. La production laitière individuelle des brebis s’élève avec HH, mais la quantité
de lait produite par hectare est plus élevée lorsque HH est faible. Les meilleures situations, en termes de
production par hectare, ont été celles où le compromis entre production individuelle et chargement était bien
établi. En pâturage continu, la hauteur optimale du ray-grass pour les brebis laitières se situe autour de 60 mm
jusqu'à la fin du printemps. Il est alors conseillé de réduire la hauteur en augmentant le chargement pour
retarder le début de la phase reproductive de l'herbe. La supplémentation avec du maïs produit une substitution
très importante. La hauteur de l'herbe ne doit pas descendre en dessous de 40 mm.!" #
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Effect of different pastures on CLA content in milk and sheep cheese
Full text linkIt is known that milk composition included conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is affected by animal feeding system (Cabidduet al., 2001). In Sardinia dairy sheep feeding is mainly based on pastures. Most of them are characterised by self-regenerating species, like annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidumGaudin) and burr medic (Medicago polymorphaL.). Non conventional species belonging to the Compositae family such as (Chrysanthemum coronariumL.) seem interesting for sheep feeding when other herbages decrease in quality (late spring- early summer). It was observed thatC. coronariumestablishes rapidly, can be grazed early in the growing season and persist where other pasture species
may disappear; for these reasons it can be considered a valuable source of food. Moreover a preliminary
study with dairy sheep fed fresh forage ofC. coronariumshowed relatively high levels of CLA in milk
(Molle G.pers.com.) The aim of the present work was to study the influence of different pastures on milk composition, with particular reference to CLA and its precursors
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Effects of grass- and concentrate-based finishing systems on the quality of meat from the M. longissimus thoracis of young Sarda bulls
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