1,721,007 research outputs found
HIGH DENSITY ANALOG CIRCUITS FOR SEMICONDUCTOR PIXEL DETECTORS
Full text linkThe research activity carried out in this work is relevant to the design and characterization of high density analog circuits for semiconductor pixel detectors. This activity has been developed in the framework of the CERN RD53 collaboration, whose aim is the design of the next generation of hybrid pixel readout chips for the ATLAS and CMS phase 2 pixel upgrades.
In this work, the development of two IP blocks is presented and discussed. In particular, a rad-hard bandgap voltage reference and a differential IO link have been designed and characterized. They will be included in the RD53A demonstrator chip, in particular, in the monitoring and IO sections
A 65 nm Rad-Hard Bandgap Voltage Reference for LHC Environment
No full textA radiation-hard BGR (bandgap voltage reference) circuit is here presented. It's able to maintain the output voltage accuracy over process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) variations, combined with extremely high total-ionizing-dose (up to 800 Mrad (SiO2)), as required by the next experiments upgrades of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The design has been dealt starting from several experimental results, collected from some testing devices, under radiation exposure. In particular, this information has been used modifying the model files provided by foundry, in order to consider the radiation exposure effects during the design process. Consequently, a rad-hard optimized sizing device has been devised. In addition, a particular layout solution has guaranteed a better radiation immunity for the temperature sensing elements (i.e., diodes). The bandgap reference circuit has been fabricated in a commercial 65 nm CMOS technology. Measurement results show a temperature coefficient of about 130 ppm/°C over a temperature range of 120 °C (from-40 °C to 80 °C, as required by application) and a variation of 0.3% for Vdd 1.08 V-1.32 V. The mean value of the BGR output is about 330 mV, with a 10% maximum shift when exposed up to 800 Mrad (SiO2). The power consumption is 240 μW at room temperature, with a core area of 0.018 mm2
Characterization of an Associative Memory Chip in 28 nm CMOS Technology
No full textThis paper presents the characterization of the new Associative Memory chip (version 7) designed and fabricated in 28 nm CMOS. The design aims at: enhancing links from/to FPGAs; increasing bandwidth thanks to full custom LVDS transceivers; and reducing power consumption and silicon area by means of new memory cells designed with full-custom approach. The design was submitted in December 2016; the prototypes were fabricated and packaged in a 17 × 17 Ball Grid Array (BGA) standalone package. Prototype characterization confirms the chip functionality. The final chip will be assembled in a System In Package (SiP) together with a bare FPGA die
A low-power and high-density Associative Memory in 28 nm CMOS technology
No full textIn this paper we present a new Associative Memory (AM) chip designed in the 28 nm TSMC HPL technology. Two of the main characteristics of the new chip are reduced power consumption and an increased memory cell area density by the use of two newly designed memory cell technologies. The aim of the new chip is to test the new technologies with realistic front-end functions. The integration of the AM and FPGA is also enhanced. In addition, LVDS drivers and receivers are implemented to strengthen the signal integrity of the I/Os. The new AM chip design is submitted for the fabrication. The die will be packaged in a 17 Ã 17 Ball Grid Array (BGA) standalone package with a Silicon In Package (SiP) structure mounting AM dies and a bare die FPGA
Design of bandgap reference circuits in a 65 nm CMOS technology for HL-LHC applications
No full textThis work is concerned with the design and characterization of bandgap reference circuits capable of operating with a power supply of 1.2 V in view of applications to HL-LHC experiments. Due to the harsh environment foreseen for these devices, different solutions have been considered and implemented in a 65 nm CMOS technology. Together with a conventional structure which exploits bipolar devices, a smaller solution based on pn diodes and a version with MOS transistors biased in weak inversion region are included. This paper intends to describe and compare the features of the different circuits designed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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