1,720,953 research outputs found
Rehabilitative management of individuals with spinal cord injury in Italy (2018–2021): a study of dispersion
No full textopenBackground
La Scheda di Dimissione Ospedaliera (SDO) è un documento sanitario e amministrativo obbligatorio, utilizzato in Italia per registrare in modo standardizzato tutte le informazioni relative a un ricovero ospedaliero. Il flusso SDO prevede l’invio delle informazioni dalle strutture di ricovero afferenti al SSN alle Regioni per poi confluire al Ministero della Salute; l’archivio può essere consultato ai fini della ricerca in quanto è possibile l’analisi dei dati aggregati.
Obiettivo
Il presente studio si focalizza negli anni 2018-2021 e mira ad indagare, nel territorio nazionale, quante persone con patologia principale corrispondente ad una lesione midollare di natura traumatica non sono state prese in carico da un’Unità Spinale (codice di ricovero 28), ma abbiano invece avuto accesso a ricoveri riabilitativi di altra tipologia. Di questa popolazione, ne è stata indagata l’età, il genere, la durata del ricovero, il reparto di ammissione e dimissione, oltre che la modalità di dimissione.
Studio
Lo studio ha previsto l’analisi delle Schede di Dimissione Ospedaliera: tramite identificazione per codice di patologia principale, sono stati individuati e analizzati 4.358 primi ricoveri negli anni indicati. E’ emerso che i pazienti si distribuiscono come 2.451 maschi con età media di 57,14 anni (DS=21,75) e 1.907 femmine con età media di 60,59 anni (DS=22,03), dati che si allineano a quelli presenti in letteratura. I relativi giorni di degenza seguono una media di 46,51 giorni (DS=56,51) per i maschi e 43,49 (DS=41,02) per le femmine, riportando una durata del ricovero inferiore rispetto ai ricoveri nelle Unità Spinali negli stessi anni (Artuso P., 2023). E’ stato rilevato che 3.441 pazienti (78,96%) sono stati ammessi e successivamente dimessi da reparti di riabilitazione intensiva (codice 56), mentre 778 pazienti (17,85%) sono stati accolti da reparti di riabilitazione ad alta specializzazione (codice 75), e 115 pazienti (2,64%) da reparti di riabilitazione estensiva/lungodegenze (codice 60). Infine, è stato osservato che, alla dimissione, il 14,1% dei pazienti dello studio sono stati trasferiti presso un altro reparto di riabilitazione, senza quindi completare il percorso riabilitativo impostato e intrapreso durante il primo ricovero.
Conclusioni
I dati estratti e le successive analisi statistiche hanno permesso di fornire un quadro accurato di alcune caratteristiche riguardo le persone che hanno svolto un percorso riabilitativo non corrispondente al gold standard previsto per la lesione midollare. Lo studio propone elementi di riflessione sul percorso offerto a questi pazienti e ai benefici che i futuri studi trarrebbero dall’adozione della nuova SDO-R e del registro nazionale delle lesioni midollari, peraltro già previsto dalla normativa italiana.Background
The Hospital Discharge Form (Scheda di Dimissione Ospedaliera, SDO) is a mandatory medical and administrative document used in Italy to systematically record all information related to a hospital admission. The SDO data flow involves the transmission of information from healthcare facilities affiliated with the National Health Service (SSN) to the regional authorities, ultimately converging at the Ministry of Health. The resulting database is accessible for research purposes, as it allows for the analysis of aggregated data.
Objective
This study focuses on the period 2018–2021 and aims to investigate, at the national level, the number of individuals with a primary diagnosis of traumatic spinal cord injury who were not admitted to a Spinal Unit (hospitalization code 28), but instead received other types of rehabilitative care. For this population, the following variables were analyzed: age, sex, length of hospital stay, admitting and discharging departments, and discharge modality.
Methods
The study involved the analysis of Hospital Discharge Forms (SDO). Through identification by primary diagnosis code, a total of 4,358 first hospitalizations were identified and analyzed during the specified years. The patient population consisted of 2,451 males with a mean age of 57.14 years (SD = 21.75) and 1,907 females with a mean age of 60.59 years (SD = 22.03), consistent with findings reported in the literature. The corresponding length of stay showed a mean of 46.51 days (SD = 56.51) for males and 43.49 days (SD = 41.02) for females, which is shorter than the length of stay observed in Spinal Units during the same period (Artuso P., 2023). It was found that 3,441 patients (78.96%) were admitted to and discharged from intensive rehabilitation units (code 56), 778 patients (17.85%) from highly specialized rehabilitation units (code 75), and 115 patients (2.64%) from extensive rehabilitation/long-term care units (code 60).
Finally, it was observed that, at discharge, 14.1% of patients were transferred to another rehabilitation ward, indicating that the rehabilitative process initiated during the first hospitalization was not completed.
Conclusions
The extracted data and statistical analyses provide a detailed picture of patients with traumatic spinal cord injury who underwent rehabilitation outside of the recommended gold-standard care pathway. The study raises critical reflections on the quality and structure of care provided and highlights the potential benefits of implementing the updated HDR-R system and establishing a national registry for spinal cord injuries, which is already mandated by Italian legislation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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