1,720,963 research outputs found
Soil amendment with seed meals: Short term effects on soil respiration and biochemical properties
No full textIn the last decades, worldwide biofuel production increased up to 105 billion liters in 2010; in this year, the world’s first biodiesel producer was the European Union. Biodiesel is produced from a variety of oils, mainly soybean, Brassicaceae and sunflower. One of the most important biodiesel production byproducts are seed meals. The most common use of seed meals is for animal nutrition, but another potential use is agricultural soil organic amendments. Soil biological and biochemical properties have been widely used as soil quality indicators, due to their quick response to changes in soil management. Although there are many studies on the effects of regular amendments on respiration and enzymatic activities of the soil, very few papers refer to the effect of seed meals. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the short-term effect of seed meal amendment on soil respiration and enzymatic activities (alkaline phosphatase, dehydrogenase, fluorescein diacetate hydrolase, arylsulphatase and -glucosidase). The
two seed meals used were obtained from Brassica carinata (A.) Braun (Ethiopian mustard) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The study was carried out, from June 2007 to October 2007, at an experimental farm of CRA-ORT, Battipaglia, in the Sele River (Plain Salerno, Campania Region, Italy). The results of this study support an alternative use of seed meals as organic amendments. Generally, a significant positive response of enzymatic activities, evaluated in this study, to the addition of seed meals, indicates a beneficial effect on soil quality as regards microbial activity
Control of Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria alternata and Pyrenochaeta lycopersici on tomato with whey compost-tea applications
No full textCompost teas are fermented extracts of composted materials that are used to control plant diseases. A compost extractor in liquid phase, with forced air blowing system and assembled using farmer facilities, was used to produce “on farm” aerated compost teas (CTs) from five types of compost, in a 14-day fermentation cycle. Solid feed stocks, including one biowaste compost and four composted tomato residues, were extracted in water (waCTs) and whey (whCTs), separately. The ten teas showed high biological control ability, both in vitro and in vivo, against three tomato pathogens: Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea and Pyrenochaeta lycopersici. In in vitro trials, the suppressive ability of raw CTs was lost with sterilization, suggesting an antibiotic-like antagonism effect due to active microorganisms in suspension. Direct application of teas on tomato plants significantly reduced disease symptoms caused by tested pathogens. In vivo suppressiveness was more significant using the liquid phase fermentation (whey or water) than the compost. Whey could be considered a viable extractant for suppressive compost-tea production, although further dilution in dechlorinated water at a ratio of at least 1:5 proved a necessary method to avoid occurrence of root or foliar phytotoxicity, probably due to high salt concentrations and sub-acid pH of the relative teas
Suppressive effect of aerated compost teas produced in water and in whey on plant fungal pathogen
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Realizzazione di un sistema di compostaggio on farm dei residui di pomodoro
No full textSono riportati i primi risultati di una sperimentazione
su tecniche compostaggio per il riciclo aziendale nel
suolo dei residui colturali con scarse destinazioni alternative
(es. alimentazione zootecnica). E’ stata
adottata la tecnologia di compostaggio semplificata
del cumulo statico ad insufflazione attiva dell’aria
con soffiante ad alimentazione elettrica e tubi forati.
Il processo di compostaggio ha interessato 4 differenti
cumuli ottenuti dalla miscelazione di: cippato (materiale
strutturante); compost commerciale (innesco);
residui di piante di pomodoro e IV gamma. Nei 4 cumuli,
il pomodoro ha costituito il 50 %, il 37,5 %, il
25 % e il 17,5 % in peso secco, rispettivamente. In
tutti i cumuli il rapporto C/N di partenza è stato pari
a 30. Quali indicatori della maturità del compost ottenuto
sono stati utilizzati la respirazione basale e
l’attività idrolasica totale. La stabilità del prodotto finale
è stata valutata su quattro diverse specie orticole
(Solanum lycopersicon, Lactuca sativa, Triticum
aestivum e Lepidium sativum) tramite il test di fitotossicità
degli estratti acquosi dei compost. Le analisi
microbiologiche condotte sono state relative alla
carica batterica totale, alla densità di pseudomonadi e
di batteri termoresistenti e al numero di funghi totali.
Inoltre, è stato determinato il pH e l’EC, nonchè l’azoto
totale, i nitrati, il potassio, il fosforo, il calcio, il
magnesio e il sodio del prodotto finito. Infine, è stata
valutata la presenza di metalli pesanti. I residui di
pomodoro si sono rilevati idonei alla produzione in
azienda, in tempi brevi (circa un mese), di un compost
vegetale di buona qualità. Anche una prima analisi
economica del sistema di compostaggio proposto indica
la compatibilità economica, oltre che la sostenibilità
ambientale, della tecnologia on-farm sperimentata
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Bioetanolo di 2a generazione da panico verga, novità in Italia
No full textCon produzioni potenziali di 25 t/ha di sostanza secca all’anno per più di 15 anni, bassi input agronomici necessari e l’utilizzo del parco macchine delle colture foraggere, il panico verga fornisce i presupposti per una fi liera corta del bioetanolo di 2a generazion
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