16,244 research outputs found
Stillman Gates in front of his store and post office at Gates, Custer County, Nebraska,.
No full textNote: The parties in this picture are (l to r): Mrs. Harry Swick (holding the child) (later Mrs. Shenkley), O.L. Swick, Mrs. John McGrew, Mrs. Gates, Mr. Gates, Tommy Laughran, Henry
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Flow under Sluice Gates
No full textThe flow characteristics upstream and downstream of sluice gates are studied experimentally and numerically using Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes two-dimensional simulations with a volume of fluid method. Special attention was brought to large opening and submergence, a frequent situation in distribution canals that is little seldom addressed in the literature. Experimental results obtained by ADV measurements provide mean velocity distributions and turbulence characteristics. The flow is shown to be mostly two-dimensional. Velocity fields were simulated using renormalization group k-epsilon and Reynolds stress model turbulence models, leading to an estimation of energy and momentum correction coefficients, head loss, and bed friction. The contraction coefficient is also shown to increase with gate opening at large submergence, which is consistent with the energy-momentum balance. This result can be used to derive accurate discharge equation
Calculation of Contraction Coefficient under Sluice Gates and Application to Discharge Measurement
No full textThe contraction coefficient under sluice gates on flat beds is studied for both free flow and submerged conditions based on the principle of momentum conservation, relying on an analytical determination of the pressure force exerted on the upstream face of the gate together with the energy equation. The contraction coefficient varies with the relative gate opening and the relative submergence, especially at large gate openings. The contraction coefficient may be similar in submerged flow and free flow at small openings but not at large openings, as shown by some experimental results. An application to discharge measurement is also presented
Radiocarbon and stable isotope evidence of dietary change from the Mesolithic to the Middle Ages in the iron gates: New results from Lepenski Vir
No full textA previous radiocarbon dating and stable isotope study of directly associated ungulate and human bone samples from Late Mesolithic burials at Schela Cladovei in Romania established that there is a freshwater reservoir effect of approximately 500 yr in the Iron Gates reach of the Danube River valley in southeast Europe. Using the delta(15)N values as an indicator of the percentage of freshwater protein in the human diet, the C-14 data for 24 skeletons from the site of Lepenski Vir were corrected for this reservoir effect. The results of the paired C-14 and stable isotope measurements provide evidence of substantial dietary change over the period from about 9000 BP to about 300 BR The data from the Early Mesolithic to the Chalcolithic are consistent with a 2-component dietary system, where the linear plot of isotopic values reflects mixing between the 2 end-members to differing degrees. Typically, the individuals of Mesolithic age have much heavier delta(15)N signals and slightly heavier delta(13)C, while individuals of Early Neolithic and Chalcolithic age have lighter delta(15)N and delta(13)C values. Contrary to our earlier suggestion, there is no evidence of a substantial population that had a transitional diet midway between those that were characteristic of the Mesolithic and Neolithic. However, several individuals with "Final Mesolithic" C-14 ages show delta(15)N and delta(13)C values that are similar to the Neolithic dietary pattern. Provisionally, these are interpreted either as incomers who originated in early farming communities outside the Iron Gates region or as indigenous individuals representing the earliest Neolithic of the Iron Gates. The results from Roman and Medieval age burials show a deviation from the linear function, suggesting the presence of a new major dietary component containing isotopically heavier carbon. This is interpreted as a consequence of the introduction of millet into the human food chain
D. Allan Bromley Memorandum for Bob Gates
No full textMemorandum for Bob Gates from D. Allan Bromley, Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP). Bromley invites Gates to a meeting with the Science, Technology, and National Security Panel of the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST)
The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation: business versus bureaucracy in international development
No full textNew forms of aid, including “philanthrocapitalism” such as The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, are rapidly altering the international aid architecture for health. These organisations have financial power, actively shape agendas and influence policy. The rise of non-traditional donor organisations creates opportunities and has implications for Australia as it scales-up its aid program. AusAID could collaborate, complement, compete with, or copy these organisations. Arguably the biggest strategic implication is that they expand AusAID’s programming choices. This increased flexibility could be used to leverage and accelerate further reforms in the UN and elsewhere. But choice is a two way street. Developing countries may prefer large, grant financing from non-traditional aid organisations and choose to bypass traditional multilateral and bilateral development agencies.Aid, non-traditional donor organisations
The Mesolithic–Neolithic transition in the Iron Gates, Southeast Europe:Calibration and dietary issues
No full textThis paper discusses an aquatic reservoir effect present in Mesolithic human bone samples from the Iron Gates section of the River Danube. Its magnitude has been calculated from a comparison of the 14C ages of human bones and terrestrial mammal bones from Schela Cladovei, equivalent to 545±70 years for a 100% aquatic diet. From this, using the δ15N value of human bone collagen to estimate the proportion of aquatic food in diet, a correction factor can be applied to the human bone 14C ages. Reservoir correction makes the resultant 14C age less precise but more accurate. The reservoir effect is derived from the inclusion of aquatic resources from the River Danube in the diets of the Mesolithic inhabitants. On the basis that the Black Sea became marine around 7400 cal BC, the possibility that part of the reservoir effect derives from anadromous fish species cannot be discounted. Human remains are abundant in the Iron Gates sites and therefore potentially important for construction of archaeological chronologies. Our ability to correct for the aquatic reservoir affect has important implications for establishing accurate chronologies, especially at the Mesolithic–Neolithic transition, which was marked by a significant change in diet and subsistence
Integrated planar Bragg grating sensors: Towards an oxygen sensor
No full textSensors play an important role in measuring changes in the environment. Optical sensors operating at well established telecoms wavelengths demonstrate many benefits over electronic sensors. These include immunity to EM interference, absence of spark risk in flammable environments and remote interrogation of large arrays over many tens or even hundreds of kms
- …
