1,353 research outputs found
Negotiating motherhood in the works of Laudomia Bonanni
No full textThe purpose of this dissertation is to analyze the notion of the maternal in the works of Laudomia Bonanni. I have focused on three of Bonanni’s texts for this purpose: a collection of three short stories entitled Il fosso, and the novels L'imputata and Le droghe. In my analysis, I demonstrate how her writing provides a voice for women and their struggle to survive as mothers and wives in postwar Italy. While examining these issues, I also consider the influence of patriarchal institutions in shaping the status of motherhood in post-World War II Italy and how these cultural and social constraints are portrayed in her works. My research leads to significant conclusions regarding intertextual relationships in Bonanni’s works and her commitment to social critique. In the end, I claim that Laudomia Bonanni, despite her insistence that she is not affiliated with any feminist movement, emerges as a true champion of women’s rights, particularly those of mothers.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Joanne Frallicciardi Lyo
Bone Marrow NK Cells: Origin, Distinctive Features, and Requirements for Tissue Localization
No full textNK cell maturation is a continuous process, which initiates in the bone marrow and proceeds in peripheral tissues, where NK cells follow distinct differentiation routes. Drastic phenotypic changes are observed during progression from precursors to mature NK cells, including changes of expression and functionalities of several chemoattractant receptors. Upon differentiation, mature NK cells migrate outside the bone marrow; as well, peculiar subsets of NK cells can also home back to or localize in this anatomic compartment to play specific functions. In humans, NK cells with a tissue resident phenotype have been identified in bone marrow, sharing similarities with tissue resident memory CD8+ T cells; while in mouse, long-lived NK cells undergo homeostatic proliferation in this site during viral infections. The mechanisms underlying NK cell subset localization in the bone marrow have only recently started to be investigated, especially in pathological settings such as tumors or infections. In this review, we discuss the phenotype and function of NK cells as well as their requirements for bone marrow maintenance and/or homing. Copyright © 2019 Bonanni, Sciumè, Santoni and Bernardini. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms
Albori di Entomologia merceologica e urbana nell'opera del microscopista Filippo Bonanni (1638-1725)
No full textFILIPPO BONANNI (1638-1725)
The Roman Jesuit Filippo Bonanni (1638-1725) is a prominent figure in the European cultural
landscape of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. He was a scholar, a man of many interests,
both humanistic and scientific, an eclectic writer; in the history of biological sciences Bonanni
occupies a non-marginal position for his contributions in the malacological and entomological
fields, but he is best known for being, in the wake of his master the Jesuit Athanasius Kircher, a
staunch defender of the theory of spontaneous generation. This certainly damaged his reputation
as a scholar in comparison with more or less contemporary scientists who instead contributed to
refuting this theory with accurate experimental research (among the Italians, in this regard, Redi,
Malpighi, Marsili, Cestoni and Vallisnieri stand out). Bonanni’s observations on insects and other
arthropods, which he carried out above all with the aim of finding arguments in favor of the
generatio aequivoca, are found in his work Observationes circa viventia, quae in rebus non
viventibus reperiuntur. Cum micrographia curiosa sive rerum minutissimarum observationibus,
quae ope microscopii recognitae ad vivum exprimuntur, published in Rome in 1691. Written
observations thus supporting spontaneous generation, but accompanied by numerous valuable
illustrations made with the aid of the microscope which Bonanni, valiant microscopist as well as
a skilled draftsman and engraver, perfected himself, in order to investigate the microcosm of
arthropods beyond the potential of the human eye - apart from the dialectical intent mentioned
above. This is the primary objective of the Micrographia curiosa, the appendix to his work, which
enriches what is presented in the main part of the volume with further findings and tables. A
valuable work, above all related to commodity, urban and stored product entomology, given that
the author finds in the arthropods of the urban and domestic environment the raw material most
at hand as a source for observations and experiences. With surprising precision for the time, in
the Observationes mosquito, sand fly, flea, lice, booklice, coleopteran larvae, moths, other
dipterans and their details, mites, etc. are illustrated. Bonanni is the first descriptor and illustrator
ever of certain insects. Among others, worthy of note is a dermestid larva, very probably of the
genus Anthrenus, with much enlarged detail of the typical hastisetae or spear bristles, and some
figures of pretarsi of Diptera Brachycera. As a microscopist he can be compared to the
Englishman Robert Hooke (1635-1709), almost coeval, who published a Micrographia in London
(1667), from which Bonanni seems to have drawn useful insights
Quando la relazione terapeutica favorisce la resilienza
No full textResilienza, Cambiamento, Terapia della famigli
Hydroxamic Acid Derivatives: From Synthetic Strategies to Medicinal Chemistry Applications
No full textSince the approval of three hydroxamic acid-based HDAC inhibitors as anticancer drugs, such functional groups acquired even more notoriety in synthetic medicinal chemistry. The ability of hydroxamic acids (HAs) to chelate metal ions makes this moiety an attractive metal binding group - in particular, Fe(III) and Zn(II) - so that HA derivatives find wide applications as metalloenzymes inhibitors. In this minireview, we will discuss the most relevant features concerning hydroxamic acid derivatives. In a first instance, the physicochemical characteristics of HAs will be summarized; then, an exhaustive description of the most relevant methods for the introduction of such moiety into organic substrates and an overview of their uses in medicinal chemistry will be presented
Operational Optimisation of Pharmaceutical Lyophilizers through Leak Detection Data Analysis
No full textThe freeze-drying process involves reducing pressure to extremely low levels within a sealed chamber to evaporate the product water. It is a vital process within the pharmaceutical industry, aimed at stabilizing, preserving, or extending the shelf life of drug products. In lyophilizers, external leaks are a major issue. Indeed, external inflows contaminate the lyophilization chamber and may cause the disposal of the current production batch. Given that a single batch often comprises thousands of product vials, leakages from freeze-dryers pose significant challenges throughout the production chain of lyophilized drugs. Early detection of leakages is critical to optimise the drug production process. This paper presents a novel leak detection data analysis based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA), alongside a comparison of two clustering algorithms. Through proper hyperparameter optimization, the obtained results show that K-Means Clustering exhibits superior performance in identifying anomalies and deterioration within historical data collected from leak test cycles. Additionally, a Health Indicator (HI) is assessed based on computed clusters to precisely identify trends where leaks exert the most substantial impact
Most human isolates of Mycobacterium avium Mav-A and Mav-B are strong producers of hemolysin, a putative virulence factor
No full textHemolysin was quantified in 58 isolates of Mycobacterium avium from human, animal, and environmental sources. Human Mav-A and Mav-B isolates were the strongest producers; in contrast, animal and environmental Mav-A isolates and human, animal, and environmental Mav-C organisms were low-level producers. Hemolysin production was not restricted to isolates causing invasive infections
Metal/III–V diodes engineered by means of Si interlayers: Interface reactions versus local interface dipoles
No full textWe present studies of Al/n-GaAs(001) and Al/p-GaAs(001) diodes in which the Schottky barrier height was varied by fabricating Si bilayers at the interface under either Ga or Al flux. Comparison of the effect of each interlayer on the n- and p-type barrier height allowed us to rule out any major role of interface reactions and test the predictions of the local interface-dipole model of Schottky barrier tuning. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics
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