1,720,967 research outputs found
Effect of high-fidelity shoulder dystocia simulation on emergency obstetric skills and crew resource management skills among residents
No full textObjective To determine the effect of a simulation training program for residents in obstetrics and gynecology in terms of technical and nontechnical skills for the management of shoulder dystocia. Methods A prospective study was performed at a center in Italy in April–May 2015. Thirty-two obstetrics and gynecology residents were divided into two groups. Residents in the control group were immediately exposed to an emergency shoulder dystocia scenario, whereas those in the simulation group completed a 2-hour training session with the simulator before being exposed to the scenario. After 8 weeks, the residents were again exposed to the shoulder dystocia scenario and reassessed. Participants were scored on their demonstration of technical and nontechnical skills. Results In the first set of scenarios, the mean score was higher in the simulation group than the control group in terms of both technical skills (P = 0.008) and nontechnical skills (P < 0.001). This difference was retained after 8 weeks. Conclusion High-fidelity simulation programs could be used for the training of residents in obstetrics and gynecology to diagnose and manage obstetric emergencies such as shoulder dystocia
An active simulator for neonatal intubation: Design, development and assessment
No full textThis study describes the technical realization and the pre-clinical validation of a instrumented neonatal intubation skill trainer able to provide objective feedback for the improvement of clinical competences required for such a delicate procedure. The Laerdal® Neonatal Intubation Trainer was modified by applying pressure sensors on areas that are mainly subject to stress and potential injuries. Punctual Force Sensing Resistors (FSRs) were characterized and fixed on the external side of the airway structure on the dental arches and epiglottis. A custom silicone tongue was designed and developed to integrate a matrix textile sensor for mapping the pressure applied on its whole surface. The assessment of the developed tool was performed by nine clinical experts who were asked to practice three intubation procedures apiece. Median and maximum forces, over threshold events (i.e. 2 N for gingival arch sensors and 7 N for epiglottis and tongue sensors respectively) and execution time were measured for each trainee. Data analysis from training sessions revealed that the epiglottis is the point mainly stressed during an intubation procedure (maximum value: 16.69 N, median value: 3.11 N), while the analysis carried out on the pressure distribution on the instrumented tongue provided information on both force values and distribution, according to clinicians’ performance. The debriefing phase was used to enhance the clinicians’ awareness of applied force and gestures performed, confirming that the present study is an adequate starting point for achieving and optimizing neonatal intubation skills for both residents and expert clinicians
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Effetto della simulazione virtuale e ad alta fedeltà in Pediatria: dalla teoria alla pratica. Il rischio clinico, il team working e le non-technical skills nell'ambito della rianimazione pediatrica.
No full textSimulando "virtualmente" si impara: scopo della tesi è paragonare i risultati, espressi in termini di miglioramento delle non-technical e technical skills in ambito di rianimazione pediatrica, derivanti da due modalità diverse di insegnamento, ovvero la lezione didattica frontale e la simulazione virtuale
Smart Glasses: applicazione clinica nella gestione dell'emorragia post-partum
No full textL'emorragia post-partum costituisce una delle emergenze ostetriche più drammatiche, responsabile di circa il 25% delle cause di morte in gravidanza. Alcune indagini realizzate nell’ambito del sistema di sorveglianza ISS- regioni tra il 2013 e il 2015 hanno evidenziato che oltre la metà dei casi di morte materna dovuta all’emorragia post-partum presentavano un livello di assistenza al di sotto dello standard. Molti studi concludono che parte delle morti associate all’emorragia post-partum si sarebbero potute prevenire con una diagnosi e un trattamento più tempestivo e appropriato. Di fronte a tale criticità di gestione questo studio si è proposto di sviluppare un device che possa essere di aiuto all'operatore nel gestire al meglio l'emorragia. Il device in questione sono gli smart glasses, in cui abbiamo inserito un algoritmo diagnostico-terapeutico che possa aiutare anche gli operatori meno esperti ad affrontare tale emergenza in modo adeguato
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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