1,720,969 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Role of adult connection in violence prevention among male youth during daily activity
Full text linkAnnually, over 600,000 youth are treated in Emergency Departments for assault-related injuries; African American male youth are disproportionately affected. Research suggests that adolescent-adult connections may protect youth from violence in the general U.S. population. However, research among male youth in under-resourced urban neighborhoods is limited, based on self-report, and has not accounted for the complex interplay between individual, family, and neighborhood contextual factors. This dissertation leverages data from a recent population-based case control study that enrolled adolescent male gunshot (n=135) and non-gunshot (n=194) assault cases and community-based controls (n=274) to measure the nature of adult connection, assault injury, and neighborhood exposures. First, we examined associations between supportive adult connections (defined by brief survey questions and detailed family genograms) and objective measures of assault injury using conditional logistic regression, stratified by prior violence involvement and adjusted for individual and contextual confounders. Among youth with high levels of prior violence involvement, reporting at least one supportive adult family member was associated with higher odds of gunshot assault injury (OR=4.01,p=0.01) and non-gun assault injury (OR=4.22,p=0.01). No significant associations emerged among youth with low prior violence involvement. Second, we compared conventional versus novel methods of measuring environmental exposures among youth during daily activities. We found that defining environmental exposures based on participant home address resulted in significant misclassification compared to gold standard measures of detailed participant activity path data. Using a novel method that divided participant activity paths into origin-destination segments, we demonstrated that calculating environmental exposures based on shortest possible travel routes compared to actual travel paths may result in exposure misclassification for point-level environmental data. Third, we applied these novel spatial methods, and found no significant evidence that adult connection was protective against exposure to neighborhood risk factors during daily activities. This work demonstrates that despite high levels of connection, families struggle to protect male youth in low resource neighborhoods from violent injury. Interventions to improve neighborhood contexts may play a significant role in violence prevention efforts. Novel spatial methods explored herein can be utilized in future research to more accurately quantify environmental exposures and associations with injury outcomes
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Acad Pediatr
Full text linkObjective:Chronic school absenteeism is linked to failure to graduate high school and poor health in adulthood. Contextual factors associated with absenteeism may be underrecognized in school and clinical settings. We examined the prevalence of self-reported absenteeism and violence exposure and their association among middle school students with identified risk of trauma.Methods:We analyzed baseline data from a dating violence prevention program. Participants completed surveys identifying lifetime exposure to 10 types of violence and past 30-day absence. Violence exposure and absenteeism were summarized and compared across demographic groups. Generalized linear models examined associations between 1) any history of violence exposure, 2) each type of violence exposure, and 3) summed exposures to different types of violence, and frequent absenteeism ( 652 absences in past 30 days).Results:45.5% of participants (overall n=499) reported frequent absenteeism and 71.5% reported violence exposure. Any self-reported violence exposure was associated with absenteeism (aRR=1.43, 95%CI: 1.06\u20131.92). However, no specific type of violence exposure predicted absenteeism. Comparing summed exposures to different types of violence to no violence exposure, exposure to 1 type of violence was associated with absenteeism (aRR=1.59, 95%CI: 1.15\u20132.20), with no evidence of stronger associations with greater exposure (2\u20133 types: aRR=1.37, 95%CI: 1.00\u20131.88; 654 types: aRR=1.31, 95%CI: 0.98\u20131.74).Conclusions:Youth in this sample reported both high rates of violence exposure and absenteeism. Prior violence exposure was associated with absenteeism. Resources and contextual support for youth exposed to family or community violence may play a role in school attendance, emphasizing need for trauma-sensitive approaches to absenteeism.K23 HD098277/HD/NICHD NIH HHSUnited States/R01 CE002981/CE/NCIPC CDC HHSUnited States/T32 HD071834/HD/NICHD NIH HHSUnited States/T32 HD087162/HD/NICHD NIH HHSUnited States
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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