169,917 research outputs found
Can we use indicator-based farm sustainability assessment tools for the WEFE Nexus?
No full textFair and safe allocation of natural resources for the Euro-Mediterranean area, especially for semi-arid regions, strongly relies on the adoption of WEFE (Water Energy Food Ecosystem) Nexus strategies. Transitioning to WEFE Nexus requires novel quantifiable assessment for interlinked analysis of the four WEFE sectors. Several indicator-based tools exist for agricultural sustainability at the farm scale. This contribution investigates on the application of such tools in relation for WEFE Nexus approaches. The IDEA method was selected for extending its applicability as a novel WEFE Nexus indicator toolkit and the following challenges are identified: (1) some WEFE aspects need to be reinforced in order to expand the scope beyond the actual agro-ecological focus; (2) the application at the farm scale needs to be articulated with larger scales where the WEFE Nexus displays emerging consistencies; (3) Nexus interactions, trade-offs and synergies could be further accounted for. These three challenges help identify how the IDEA indicator-based tool could be adapted to assimilate the WEFE Nexus approach, and so to allow applications in new agro-hydrological contexts.</p
Comment on 'C. Cudennec, Y. Fouad, I. Sumarjo Gatot and J. Duchesne, a geomorphological explanation of unit hydrograph concept. Hydrological processes 18 (2004) 603-6219'
No full textInternational audienceComment on 'C. Cudennec, Y. Fouad, I. Sumarjo Gatot and J. Duchesne, a geomorphological explanation of unit hydrograph concept. Hydrological processes 18 (2004) 603-6219
2 -H2U : Une fonction de transfert pluie-débit déterministe et polyvalente ; vers des applications multiples
No full textL’organisation spatiale du réseau hydrographique, ou bien du réseau de drainage en milieu urbain, est décrite par une loi physique dont la démonstration s’appuie sur des concepts de physique statistique et de fractalité. De cette loi très générale est aisément déduite une fonction de transfert de V écoulement fluvial à travers le bassin versant, de type hydrogramme unitaire. Deux paramètres liés à la forme du réseau et la vitesse moyenne d’écoulement fluvial suffisent à décrire cette fonction. Une telle fonction de transfert, déterministe et universelle, ouvre de nombreuses perspectives d’application comme l’annonce de crues rapides, l’étude d’impact ou la gestion d’ouvrages hydrauliques, la compréhension des facteurs aggravants des crues et la préconisation d’actions préventives, ainsi que la prévision de pollutogrammes et de turbidigrammes.Duchesne J., Cudennec C. 2 -H2U : Une fonction de transfert pluie-débit déterministe et polyvalente ; vers des applications multiples . In: L'école française de l'eau au service du développement mondial. Congrès de la Société Hydrotechnique de France. 25èmes journées de l'hydraulique. Chambéry, du 15 au 18 septembre 1996. Tome 2, 1998
transfR: an open-source R package for streamflow prediction in ungauged catchments
No full textInternational audienceThis R package aims to technically bring together different modelling tools for the estimation of streamflow time series of ungauged outlets. It allows implementing a spatial interpolation of streamflow of neighbouring gauged basins using a geomorphology-based deconvolution-convolution modelling approach. The robustness of the methodology has been demonstrated in several hydro-climatic contexts through several publications over the last years. However, the numerical tool itself was not easily accessible to all. The recent public availability of this package aims to facilitate an application by end-users (in particular water and basin managers, public authorities and engaged citizens). We also wish to obtain feedback and enable new bridges between science and practice as well as research on the method to explore its generality and flexibility in various contexts. The hydrological modelling itself is based on the description of the hydro-geomorphometry of the river drainage network which can be easily observed for any given outlet. An inversion of this model for the basin with a gauged outlet allows the observed streamflow to be deconvoluted and the signal of water flowing into the rivers from the slope (the net rainfall) to be estimated. Transferring this estimate of the net rainfall series to the basin of a targeted ungauged outlet thus allows the flow series to be simulated there. A spatial analysis of the hydrological distances between catchments allows the observed streamflow time series from several gauged catchments to be strategically combined to increase the robustness of the prediction. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=transfR References: Boudhraâ H., Cudennec C., Andrieu H., Slimani M., 2018. Net rainfall estimation by the inversion of a geomorphology-based transfer function and discharge deconvolution. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 63, 2, 285-301, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2018.1425801 de Lavenne A., Cudennec C., 2019. Assessment of freshwater discharge into a coastal bay through multi-basin ensemble hydrological modelling. Science of the Total Environment, 669, 812-820, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.387 de Lavenne A., Skøien J.O., Cudennec C., Curie F., Moatar F., 2016. Transferring measured discharge time-series: large-scale comparison of Top-kriging to geomorphology-based inverse modeling. Water Resources Research, 52, 7, 5555-5576, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016WR018716. Ecrepont S., Cudennec C., Anctil F., Jaffrézic A., 2019. PUB in Québec: A robust geomorphology-based deconvolution-reconvolution framework for the spatial transposition of hydrographs. Journal of Hydrology, 570, 378-392, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.12.05
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Mitomycin C in highly myopic eyes - Author reply
No full textOphthalmology. 2005 Feb;112(2):208-18; discussion 219.
Mitomycin C modulation of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy in highly myopic eyes.
Gambato C, Ghirlando A, Moretto E, Busato F, Midena E.
SourceRefractive Surgery Service and Antimetabolite Therapy Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of topical mitomycin C in corneal wound healing (CWH) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in highly myopic eyes.
DESIGN: Prospective, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.
PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two eyes of 36 patients affected by high (>7 diopters) myopia.
METHODS: In each patient, one eye was randomly assigned to PRK with intraoperative topical 0.02% mitomycin C application, and the fellow eye was treated with a placebo. Postoperatively, mitomycin C-treated eyes received artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months), whereas the fellow eye was treated with fluorometholone sodium 2% and artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, manifest refraction, and biomicroscopy. Contrast sensitivity was determined using the Pelli-Robson chart. Corneal confocal microscopy documented CWH.
RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 18 months (range, 12-36). No side effects or toxic effects were documented. At 12-month follow-up examination, UCVAs (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) were 0.4+/-0.48 and 0.5+/-0.53 (P = .03) in mitomycin C-treated eyes and corticosteroid-treated eyes, respectively. At 1 year, corneal haze developed in 20% of corticosteroid-treated eyes, versus 0% of mitomycin C-treated eyes. At 12, 24, and 36 months, corneal confocal microscopy showed activated keratocytes and extracellular matrix significantly more evident in untreated eyes (Ps = 0.004, 0.024, and 0.046, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Topical intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C can reduce haze formation in highly myopic eyes undergoing PRK.
Comment in
Ophthalmology. 2006 Feb;113(2):357; author reply 357-8
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
A 0.12mm<sup>2</sup> Wien-Bridge Temperature Sensor with 0.1°C (3σ) Inaccuracy from -40°C to 180°C
No full text Resistor-based temperature sensors can achieve much higher resolution and energy efficiency than conventional BJT-based sensors [1], but they typically occupy more area (> 0.25 mm 2 ) and have lower operating temperatures (le 125 {circ} {C}) [2]-[4]. This work describes a 0.12mm 2 resistor-based sensor that uses a Wien-bridge (WB) filter to achieve 0.1 {circ} {C} (3 sigma) inaccuracy from - 40 {circ} {C} to 180 {circ} {C}. Compared to a state-of-the-art WB sensor [4], it occupies 6 × less area and achieves comparable relative accuracy over a 76% wider operating range. Session 10.3 Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Electronic InstrumentationMicroelectronic
- …
