1,720,974 research outputs found
In vivo and ex vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the characterization of hemangioblastoma cyst fluid
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Correlation between cortical lesions and cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis
No full textObjectives: Gray matter (GM) damage is well known as a fundamental aspect of multiple sclerosis (MS). Above all, cortical lesions (CLs) burden, detectable at MRI with double inversion recovery (DIR) sequences, has been demonstrated to correlate with cognitive impairment (CI). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of CLs number in predicting CI in a cohort of patients with MS in a clinical practice setting. Materials and methods: Thirty consecutive patients with MS presenting CLs (CL+) at high-field (3.0 T) MRI 3D-DIR sequences and an even group of MS patients without CLs (CL-) as a control, were investigated with the Rao Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests (BRB), Version A. Total and lobar CLs number were computed in CL+ patients. Results: Among the sixty patients with MS enrolled, forty-seven (78.3%) had a relapsing-remitting course, while thirteen (21.7%) a progressive one, eleven secondary progressive, and two primary progressive. Compared to CL−, CL+ patients had a greater proportion of progressive forms (p =.03). The most affected region was the frontal lobe (73.3% of patients), followed by temporal and parietal ones (both 60.0%). Multivariate (logistic regression) analysis revealed a significant correlation between total CLs number and the presence of mild cognitive impairment defined as pathologic score in at least one BRB test (p =.04); it was also correlated with deficit at PASAT 3 (p =.05) and Stroop Test (p =.02). Conclusions: We confirmed CLs number, evaluated with a technique quite commonly available in clinical practice, as a predictive factor of CI in patients with MS, in order to improve the diagnosis and management of CI and monitor potential neuroprotective effects of therapies
Tapia's syndrome secondary to laterocervical localization of diffuse large cell lymphoma
No full textThe eponym "Tapia's syndrome" indicates an associated unilateral vocal cord and tongue paralysis secondary to a peripheral involvement of the recurrent laryngeal branch and the hypoglossal nerve. Although mainly observed as a complication of surgery or anaesthesia, it can rarely occur secondary to infectious or neoplastic causes. We are presenting a case of a teen-ager with Tapia's syndrome who had been seeking medical assistance for episodes of loss of consciousness and was diagnosed with a high-grade peripheral B-cell lymphoma, an association not previously described. This syndrome should be remembered even outside the surgical contest for its highly localising value
A painful stiff neck following an ear, nose, and throat surgical procedure: Case report
No full textGrisel syndrome is a rare, nontraumatic atlantoaxial subluxation, typical of developmental ages and characterized by head flexion/rotation and painful fixation. Neurological symptoms may occur. It is secondary to head/neck infections and ear, nose, and throat surgery (adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy, and mastoidectomy). Here, we report the case of a child who presented a painful stiff neck following an adenotonsillectomy, with imaging evidencing an atlantoaxial subluxation. The child showed improvement in his condition following a conservative treatment with antibiotics, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic therapy and cervical collar. We believe it is of great significance for clinicians taking into account this peculiar condition in the differential diagnosis of a stiff neck in pediatric patients, thus avoiding misdiagnosis and delays. Indeed, its diagnosis is mainly based on a focused anamnesis associated with the detection of the typical neuroradiological finding
2-Hydroxyglutarate Detection by Short Echo Time Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Routine Imaging Study of Brain Glioma at 3.0 T
No full textThe objective of this study was to assess the effective performance of short echo time magnetic resonance spectroscopy (short TE MRS) for 2HG detection as biomarker of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) status in all grade glioma (GL)
Evaluation of Coronary Atherosclerosis by Multislice Computed Tomography in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction and Without Significant Coronary Artery Stenosis A Comparative Study With Quantitative Coronary Angiography
No full textBackground-It is known that 9% to 31% of women and 4% to 14% of men with acute myocardial infarction have normal coronary arteries or nonsignificant coronary disease at angiography. These patients represent a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Multislice computed tomography (CT) can noninvasively identify the presence of coronary plaques even in the absence of significant coronary artery stenosis. This study evaluated the role of 64-slice CT, in comparison with coronary angiography, in detecting and characterizing coronary atherosclerosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction without significant coronary artery stenosis.
Methods and Results-Thirty consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction but without significant coronary stenosis at coronary angiography underwent 64-slice CT. All coronary segments were quantitatively analyzed by means of coronary angiography (CA-QCA) and 64-slice CT (CT-QCA). Forty-seven (10.4%) of the 450 coronary segments were not evaluable by CT. The mean proximal reference diameters at CT-QCA and CA-QCA were, respectively, 2.88 +/- 0.75 mm and 2.65 +/- 0.9 mm; the overall correlation between CT-QCA and CA-QCA for quantification of reference diameter was r(s)=0.77; P < 0.001. The mean percent stenosis was 14.4 +/- 8.0% at CT-QCA and 4.0 +/- 11.0% at CA-QCA and the correlation was r(s)=0.11; P=0.03. Overall CT-QCA showed the presence of 50 plaques, of which only 11 were detected by CA-QCA. CT-QCA identified 25 plaques in infarct-related coronary arteries. Positive remodeling was present in 38 of the 50 plaques (76%), with a higher prevalence in the coronary plaques not visualized by CA-QCA (82.1% versus 54.5%).
Conclusions-CT-QCA correlates well with CA-QCA in terms of coronary reference diameter analysis, but not stenosis quantification. Multislice CT can detect coronary atherosclerotic plaques in segments of nonstenotic coronary arteries that are underestimated by CA and may have an incremental diagnostic value for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in patients without significant coronary stenosis at CA. (Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2008;1:205-211.)
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Some evidence on Gerstmann’s syndrome: A case study on a variant of the clinical disorder
No full textWe describe the case of a bilingual patient with persistent symptoms largely, although not fully, consistent with
those that are usually reported in Gerstmann’s syndrome. Twenty months after a spontaneous primary intracranial
hemorrhage, the patient was evaluated with a series of neuropsychological tasks and underwent an MRI
investigation based on Diffusion Tensor Imaging probabilistic tractography. The patient suffered from dysgraphia
(difficulty in the access to the graphemic representation of letter forms), autotopoagnosia (difficulties in locating
body parts on verbal command), right–left confusion (difficulties in localizing right and left side of symmetrical
body parts), and number processing/calculation impairments (predominant difficulties on transcoding tasks).
Probabilistic tractography revealed a relatively spared superior longitudinal fasciculus and severe damage to the
subcortical white matter connecting the angular gyrus with other parietal regions, such as the intraparietal sulcus
and the supramarginal gyrus. Within the framework of the contemporary cognitive accounts of Gerstmann’s
syndrome, the case supports the assumption of an anatomical intraparietal disconnection more than a functional
Grundst ̈orung (core impairment)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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