431 research outputs found
Training Parse Trees for Efficient VF Coding
No full textWe address the problem of improving variable-length-to-fixed-length codes (VF codes), which have favourable properties for fast compressed pattern matching but moderate compression ratios. Compression ratio of VF codes depends on the parse tree that is used as a dictionary. We propose a method that trains a parse tree by scanning an input text repeatedly, and we show experimentally that it improves the compression ratio of VF codes rapidly to the level of state-of-the-art compression methods
Shortening of CPR time before the defibrillation worsens the outcome in out-of-hospital VF patients
No full textObjective: To investigate the influence of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) time before the first defibrillation.
Methods: The present study retrospectively analyzed the Utstein template records from April 1, 2002 to June 30, 2005. Patients who had out-of-hospital witnessed cardiac arrest caused by cardiac disease and who presented with ventricular fibrillation (VF) as the initial cardiac rhythm were included in the study. Before April 1, 2003, the emergency medical technician (EMT) needed to obtain telephone permission before attempting defibrillation, and CPR was continued until permission was received (CPR first). On and after April 1, 2003, the EMT was immediately able to attempt a defibrillation without obtaining permission (Shock first).
Results: In 143 patients who had out-of-hospital witnessed VF, 43 patients and 100 patients were treated with the CPR first strategy and the Shock first strategy, respectively. The duration of CPR before the first defibrillation was longer in the CPR first group than that in the Shock first group. The CPR first group showed a higher rate of favorable neurological outcome 30 days after (28% vs. 14%, P = .048) and 1 year after cardiac arrest (26% vs. 11%, P = .033) than those of the Shock first group. In the patients with witnessed VF, a stepwise multiple logistic-regression analysis showed the CPR first strategy to improve the neurological outcome.
Conclusions: In patients with out-of-hospital witnessed VF, sufficient CPR before the first defibrillation is considered to improve the neurological outcome in comparison to the performance of immediate defibrillation
An Efficient Algorithm for Almost Instantaneous VF Code Using Multiplexed Parse Tree
No full textAlmost Instantaneous VF code proposed by Yamamoto and Yokoo in 2001, which is one of the variable-length-to-fixed-length codes, uses a set of parse trees and achieves a good compression ratio. However, it needs much time and space for both encoding and decoding than an ordinary VF code does. In this paper, we proved that we can multiplex the set of parse trees into a compact single tree and simulate the original encoding and decoding procedures. Our technique reduces the total number of nodes into O(2ℓk - k2), while it is originally O(2ℓk), where ℓ and k are the codeword length and the alphabet size, respectively. The experimental results showed that we could encode and decode over three times faster for natural language texts by using this technique
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Foundations of Virtual Fencing: Economics of Virtual Fence (VF) Systems
No full textThis analysis explores the economic considerations of investing in virtual fence (VF) systems, examining their application for representative cow-calf operations under different operating conditions. Virtual fencing (VF) is a tool for livestock management that uses collars and a radio or cellular systems to influence the movement of livestock using auditory and electrical cues (Antaya et al. 2024). Users program the system to establish invisible barriers on a landscape. The system detects the location of animals and if animals approach or cross a “virtual” fence, they receive an auditory or electrical cue encouraging them to move away from the barrier. VF systems have the potential to offset physical fencing costs, enable adoption of adaptive management practices (Boyd et al. 2022; Boyd et al. 2023; Golinski et al. 2023; Verdon et al. 2021), and save ranchers time in locating animals, among other benefits (Campbell et al. 2018; Boyd et al. 2022; Schillings et al. 2024). Commercial VF systems have varying fee structures and require labor to operate which is an additional cost of adoption. Cost and economies of scale are factors that affect livestock producers’willingness to adopt technologies (Pruitt et al. 2012; Lima et al. 2018).This material is based upon work that is supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under award number 2021-38640-34695 through the Western Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education program under project number WPDP22-016. USDA is an equal opportunity employer and service provider. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. This work is supported by the AFRI Foundational and Applied Science Program: Inter-Disciplinary Engagement in Animal Systems (IDEAS) [award no. 2022-10726] from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Additional funding for the University of Arizona’s Virtual Fence program was provided by Arizona Experiment Station, the Marley Endowment for Sustainable Rangeland Stewardship, and Arizona Cooperative Extension
EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY AND AB INITIO CALCULATIONS ON VCl AND VF
No full textAuthor Institution: Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona; Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Mol\'{e}culaire, Universit\'{e} Libre de Bruxelles; Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo; Department of Physics, University of CaliforniaThe emission spectra of VCl and VF have been investigated in the region using a Fourier transform spectrometer. The bands were excited in a high temperature carbon tube furnace from the reaction of vanadium metal vapors with and , respectively. The VF bands were also observed in a microwave discharge through a flowing mixture of vapor and helium. The VCl bands with high wavenumber R heads near 6176.0, 6589.6, 7004.1, 7358.2 and have been assigned as the 0-2, 0-1, 0-0, 1-0 and 2-0 bands of the electronic transition while the VF bands with R heads near 9156.8, 9816.4, 10481.4, 11035.8 and have been assigned as the 0-2, 0-1, 0-0, 1-0 and 2-0 bands, respectively, of the transition. A rotational analysis of the and subbands of several bands of VCl and VF has been carried out and spectroscopic parameters have been obtained. Equilibrium constants of and {\AA} have been obtained for the ground state of VCl, while equilibrium constants of and {\AA} have been determined for the ground state of VF. The spectroscopic properties of the low-lying electronic states of VCl have also been predicted by ab initio calculations. Our electronic assignments are supported by the results of our ab initio calculations
Accounting and analytical support and audit of financial results formation in enterprises on the example of PJSC «VF Ukraine»
No full textУ роботі розглядаються теоретичні аспекти обліково-аналітичного забезпечення
формування та аудиту фінансових результатів підприємств.
Проаналізовано особливості системи обліково-аналітичного забезпечення
управління фінансовими результатами та проведення аудиту на прикладі ПрАТ «ВФ
Україна», включаючи фінансовий аналіз та економіко-математичне моделювання стану
фінансових результатів.
Запропоновано шляхи вдосконалення системи обліково-аналітичного забезпечення
формування та аудиту фінансових результатів на прикладі ПрАТ «ВФ Україна» для
підвищення ефективності управління фінансовими показниками.The work deals with the theoretical aspects of accounting and analytical support for the
formation and audit of financial results of enterprises.
Author analysis the specific features of the accounting and analytical support system for
managing financial results and conducting audits, on the example of PJSC "VF Ukraine,"
incorporating financial analysis and economic-mathematical modeling of financial results.
Author offers ways to enhance the system of accounting and analytical support and audit
of financial results to improve the efficiency of financial management at PJSC "VF Ukraine.
Addressing Unmodeled Path-Following Dynamics via Adaptive Vector Field: A UAV Test Case
No full textThe actual performance of model-based path-following methods for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) shows considerable dependence on the wind knowledge and on the fidelity of the dynamic model used for design. This study analyzes and demonstrates the performance of an adaptive vector field (VF) control law which can compensate for the lack of knowledge of the wind vector and for the presence of unmodeled course angle dynamics. Extensive simulation experiments, calibrated on a commercial fixed-wing UAV and proven to be realistic, show that the new VF method can better cope with uncertainties than its standard version. In fact, while the standard VF approach works perfectly for ideal first-order course angle dynamics (and perfect knowledge of the wind vector), its performance degrades in the presence of unknown wind or unmodeled course angle dynamics. On the other hand, the estimation mechanism of the proposed adaptive VF effectively compensates for wind uncertainty and unmodeled dynamics, sensibly reducing the path-following error as compared to the standard VF.Accepted Author ManuscriptTeam Bart De SchutterShip Design, Production and Operation
Always one step ahead: How pathogenic bacteria use the type III secretion system to manipulate the intestinal mucosal immune system
No full textThe intestinal immune system and the epithelium are the first line of defense in the gut. Constantly exposed to microorganisms from the environment, the gut has complex defense mechanisms to prevent infections, as well as regulatory pathways to tolerate commensal bacteria and food antigens. Intestinal pathogens have developed strategies to regulate intestinal immunity and inflammation in order to establish or prolong infection. The organisms that employ a type III secretion system use a molecular syringe to deliver effector proteins into the cytoplasm of host cells. These effectors target the host cell cytoskeleton, cell organelles and signaling pathways. This review addresses the multiple mechanisms by which the type III secretion system targets the intestinal immune response, with a special focus on pathogenic E. coli
Functional classification of the microbial feruloyl esterases.
No full textFeruloyl esterases have potential uses over a broad range of applications in the agri-food industries. In recent years, the number of microbial feruloyl esterase activities reported has increased and, in parallel, even more related protein sequences may be discerned in the growing genome databases. Based on substrate utilisation data and supported by primary sequence identity, four sub-classes have been characterised and termed type-A, B, C and D. The proposed sub-classification scheme is discussed in terms of the evolutionary relationships existing between carbohydrate esterases
Identification of a type-D feruloyl esterase from Neurospora crassa.
No full textFeruloyl esterases constitute an interesting group of enzymes that have the potential for use over a broad range of applications in the agri-food industries. In order to expand the range of available enzymes, we have examined the presence of feruoyl esterase genes present in the genome sequence of the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa. We have identified an orphan gene (contig 3.544), the translation of which shows sequence identity with known feruloyl esterases. This gene was cloned and the corresponding recombinant protein expressed in Pichia pastoris to confirm that the enzyme (NcFaeD-3.544) exhibits feruloyl esterase activity. Unusually the enzyme was capable of p-coumaric acid release from untreated crude plant cell wall materials. The substrate utilisation preferences of the recombinant enzyme place it in the recently recognised type-D sub-class of feruloyl esterase
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