1,721,087 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
PPRn dans les communes littorales de France métropolitaine et prise en compte du risque de submersion marine
No full textNational audienc
Cartographie et analyse économique de la vulnérabilité du littoral atlantique français face au risque de submersion marine
No full textXynthia (2010) led to an important coastal flood which was responsible for the death by drowning of 41 people. Reviews of the storm show that the consequences of Xynthia were the result of: the aging population of coastal towns, urbanisation of low-lying areas, and architectural inadequacy of houses to coastal flood risk. In consequence, French State Faced implements a resettlement scheme, destroying 1628 buildings considered too dangerous (black zones).The aim of the thesis is (i) to identify danger areas for the population through characteristics of houses, and (ii) to make an economic appraisal of different measures to reduce vulnerability.An index is created to identify areas where the characteristics of houses can present a life-threatening exposure to occupants. Vulnérabilité Intrinsèque Extrême index (VIE) is based on four criteria: (i) potential water depth per house, (ii) distance between dikes and houses, (ii) architectural typology and (iv) the closeness to rescue point.The index is useful to make an initial assessment of the vulnerability of seven cities on French Atlantic coast. It allows confirming the high exposure of Xynthia’s affected territories.Then, an economic appraisal is conducted to compare different strategies to reduce vulnerability: (i) protection, (ii) adaptation of houses, (iii) prevention and warning, (iv) resettlement. Through the use of Cost-Efficiency Analysis (CEA), the relevance of each of the measures is evaluated through the number of human lives protected.This analysis is a good assessment of the efficiency of “black zones” as well it recommends focusing on prevention and warning measures.La tempête Xynthia (2010) est à l’origine d’une importante submersion marine, provoquant la mort par noyade de 41 personnes. Au-delà de l’aléa, les retours d’expérience ont pointé plusieurs causes à ce bilan : vieillissement de la population des communes littorales, urbanisation des zones basses, inadaptation du bâti au risque de submersion marine. Face à ce bilan dramatique, l’État décide de racheter et de détruire 1 628 constructions jugées trop dangereuses (zones noires).L’objectif de la thèse est double : (i) identifier a priori les zones de danger pour la population, (ii) réfléchir sur l’intérêt de différentes mesures de réduction de la vulnérabilité.Un indice est créé afin d’identifier les zones où la configuration du bâti peut présenter une exposition potentiellement mortelle pour les occupants. L’indice de Vulnérabilité Intrinsèque Extrême (V.I.E.) est basé sur quatre critères : (i) hauteurs d’eau potentielles à l’intérieur des bâtiments, (ii) proximité aux digues, (iii) type architectural et (iv) distance aux zones refuges.L’indice permet de dresser un premier constat de la vulnérabilité de sept communes du littoral atlantique français et confirme l’exposition des territoires impactés en 2010.Deuxièmement, une évaluation économique est menée afin de comparer différentes stratégies possibles de réduction de la vulnérabilité : (i) protection, (ii) adaptation du bâti, (iii) prévention et sensibilisation et (iv) relocalisation. A travers l’utilisation de l’Analyse Coût-Efficacité (ACE), la pertinence de chacune des mesures est évaluée en nombre de vies humaines préservées.Cela permet d’en juger des zones noires et d’insister sur l’intérêt de la prévention
« Le SIG dans l'enseignement supérieur » - Témoignage de l’UFR de Géographie et Aménagement de Sorbonne Université
No full textInternational audienc
Cartographie et analyse économique de la vulnérabilité du littoral atlantique français face au risque de submersion marine
No full textXynthia (2010) led to an important coastal flood which was responsible for the death by drowning of 41 people. Reviews of the storm show that the consequences of Xynthia were the result of: the aging population of coastal towns, urbanisation of low-lying areas, and architectural inadequacy of houses to coastal flood risk. In consequence, French State Faced implements a resettlement scheme, destroying 1628 buildings considered too dangerous (black zones).The aim of the thesis is (i) to identify danger areas for the population through characteristics of houses, and (ii) to make an economic appraisal of different measures to reduce vulnerability.An index is created to identify areas where the characteristics of houses can present a life-threatening exposure to occupants. Vulnérabilité Intrinsèque Extrême index (VIE) is based on four criteria: (i) potential water depth per house, (ii) distance between dikes and houses, (ii) architectural typology and (iv) the closeness to rescue point.The index is useful to make an initial assessment of the vulnerability of seven cities on French Atlantic coast. It allows confirming the high exposure of Xynthia’s affected territories.Then, an economic appraisal is conducted to compare different strategies to reduce vulnerability: (i) protection, (ii) adaptation of houses, (iii) prevention and warning, (iv) resettlement. Through the use of Cost-Efficiency Analysis (CEA), the relevance of each of the measures is evaluated through the number of human lives protected.This analysis is a good assessment of the efficiency of “black zones” as well it recommends focusing on prevention and warning measures.La tempête Xynthia (2010) est à l’origine d’une importante submersion marine, provoquant la mort par noyade de 41 personnes. Au-delà de l’aléa, les retours d’expérience ont pointé plusieurs causes à ce bilan : vieillissement de la population des communes littorales, urbanisation des zones basses, inadaptation du bâti au risque de submersion marine. Face à ce bilan dramatique, l’État décide de racheter et de détruire 1 628 constructions jugées trop dangereuses (zones noires).L’objectif de la thèse est double : (i) identifier a priori les zones de danger pour la population, (ii) réfléchir sur l’intérêt de différentes mesures de réduction de la vulnérabilité.Un indice est créé afin d’identifier les zones où la configuration du bâti peut présenter une exposition potentiellement mortelle pour les occupants. L’indice de Vulnérabilité Intrinsèque Extrême (V.I.E.) est basé sur quatre critères : (i) hauteurs d’eau potentielles à l’intérieur des bâtiments, (ii) proximité aux digues, (iii) type architectural et (iv) distance aux zones refuges.L’indice permet de dresser un premier constat de la vulnérabilité de sept communes du littoral atlantique français et confirme l’exposition des territoires impactés en 2010.Deuxièmement, une évaluation économique est menée afin de comparer différentes stratégies possibles de réduction de la vulnérabilité : (i) protection, (ii) adaptation du bâti, (iii) prévention et sensibilisation et (iv) relocalisation. A travers l’utilisation de l’Analyse Coût-Efficacité (ACE), la pertinence de chacune des mesures est évaluée en nombre de vies humaines préservées.Cela permet d’en juger des zones noires et d’insister sur l’intérêt de la prévention
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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