1,720,992 research outputs found
Oral health in a cohort of individuals on a plant-based diet: a pilot study
No full textINTRODUCTION:
Plant-based diets are associated with a lower: (i) body mass index, (ii) rates of death from ischemic heart disease, (iii) serum cholesterol, (iv) incidence of high blood pressure, (v) type II diabetes mellitus and cancer, with an overall longer life expectancy. However, little data concerning the oral health in individuals on a plant-based diet are available.
AIM:
The aim of the present study was to investigate the general and clinical oral health status in a cohort of adults who had been following a plant-based diet for a minimum of 24 months.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
For this purpose, individuals were administered two questionnaires (a.Questionnaire investigating risk areas for oral diseases; b. Italian version of the Oral Health Impact Profile -14 (IOHIP-14)) by a dental hygienist and clinical examination of the oral cavity was carried out.
RESULTS:
Seventy-seven adult individuals were enrolled. On average, they followed a plant-based diet for the last four years, had four meals a day and brushed their teeth twice a day. Fruit was the most frequently consumed food at breakfast by 48 of the participants. Thirty-four responders did not drink beer or wine, 65 did not drink spirits, 57 avoided carbonated beverages and 62 (80.5%) did not consume any highly-sugared beverages. Different dental therapies in the previous three years were reported in 36 of the responders. Overall, answers "never and almost never" to the IOHIP-14 questionnaire were observed in 87% to 100% of the individuals. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that fresh fruit consumption at lunch had a protective effect against caries (p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS:
In conclusion, this study showed that individuals on a plant-based diet have good overall oral health conditions. These features are in agreement with the behavior of these subjects towards an overall healthy life style
Clinical comparison between an opaque and a clear pit and fissures sealants: a 12-month split-mouth, randomized controlled study
No full textWe design a clinical splith-mouth, randomized controlled study, in which the retention of an opaque and clear pit and fissures sealants were evaluated and their effectiveness compared at 6 and 12 months of follow up. A secondary aim was to evaluate the possibility of using a fluorescence based intra-oral camera through the clear sealant to monitor enamel demineralization
PERCEIVED ORAL HEALTH AND SELF-REPORT OF THE EXTRAINTESTINAL ORAL MANIFESTATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH CROHN'S DISEASE
No full textAim: Systemic autoimmune andinflammatory diseasesoften manifestoral lesionsin their earliest stages, and early diagnosis, which may be spurred by a dental examination, is key for improved outcomes. After systemic diagnosis, oral lesions benefit from specialized care by dentists in collaboration with the medical team. Recent studies suggest that the mouth may be involved frequently in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). The presence of oral manifestations is hardly detected by general practitioners and gastroenterologists in patients with Crohn’s disease. According to the evidences published, the aim of this study is to evaluate the perception of oral health in patients with Crohn’s disease and to investigate with a self-report the extraintestinal oral manifestation during the disease evolution.
Methods: In January 2020 an on-line questionnaire was set up and published on “Google Form”. The study starts in February 2020. The population comprised 114patientswith Crohn’s disease recruited from the inflammatory chronic boweldiseaseassociation (A.M.I.C.I. Onlus). All participants received a direct link to the on-line questionnaire “Morbo di Crohn e Cavo Orale” (Crohn’s disease and oral cavity). The questionnaire had 3 sections: the first section asked for personal data, place of residence and education, the second section asked questions about Crohn’s disease (onset, evolution, therapy, familiarity, extraintestinal manifestations) and tobacco use, the third section asked about the perception of oral health, the presence of oral lesions or pain and the relation between the evolution of the oral pathologies and the dentist.
Results: The answers arrived from 17 Italian regions and the patients were 78.1% F (89 female) and 21.9% M (25 male), of all ages with a higher percentage between 19 and 29 y. Lots of patients (54%), during their clinical story, waited lots of time before the diagnosis. 66.7% of patients have gone to the dentist in the past 12 months and 1,8 % have never been to a dentist. 76,3% of patients have had sore points in their mouth during their life. Regarding extra-intestinal manifestations of Crohn’s disease, we investigate both specific or nonspecific, 38.6% of patients reported one or more: 66.7% suffered from oral aphthae, 16.7% found red lesions, 9.6% found white lesions, 10.5% reported mucosal tags, 23.7% had lip swelling and fissurations, 3.5% reported cobblestoning and 21.9% didn’t find any lesions. 54.8% of patients had lesions before the diagnosis and 69,1% after the diagnosis. Only 10,5 % of patients say that these lesions were the first sign to investigate on a chronic pathology and 58.8% didn’t know that these manifestations are related to their disease. Conclusion: The results of the present study show that patients with Crohn’s disease have different perception of their oral health: 73,7% evaluate the general status of their mouth tolerable, 14.9% excellent, 11.4% terrible. Oral manifestations are diverse and common in Crohn’s disease, even if lots of them are not specific for this pathology, like aphthae. The dental practitioner is in the best position to detect them before the diagnosis and also lead to early diagnosis for a better outcome in affected patients
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Long-term impact of Covid-19 in clinical management of autistic children
No full textAim: In July 2020 the working activity in the Pediatric Dentistry Department of Policlinico Umberto I of
Rome restarted. The primary goal was to take up again the service dedicated to children with Autistic
Spectrum Disorder (ASD). However, the new increasing number of infections, impacted again on the
services, with consequences on the oral health of ASD patients. In light of this, a new evaluation survey was
administered to the same group of interviewees of June 2020, to evaluate the evolution of the pandemic on
the reorganization of the clinical service.
Methods : The study included parents of ASD children aged between 3 and 18, attending the Department.
Results : In June 2021, 100 parents were administered an online anonymous survey; 70 fully filled surveys
were received. The questions focused on the level of satisfaction regarding the service offered between July
2020 and May 2021 and the impact of Covid-19 on the reorganization of the project. 56% of the subjects
affirms that pandemic greatly affected the organization of our Department, while 44% does not. The same
difficulties encountered in using Telemedicine in the lockdown in 2020 are still present. 18% (2021) versus
19% (2020), finds it difficult to use, while 41% (2021) versus 19% (2020), finds it easy to use.
Conclusion : As soon as the conditions will allow it, we wish to improve the most critical aspects and make
our Department a medical center of excellence. Furthermore, we believe that creating a permanent
Telemedicine center will be of essential support for families, even in emergency periods
Prevalence of oral disease and treatment types proposed to children affected by autistic spectrum disorder in pediatric dentistry: a systematic review
Full text linkPURPOSE:
To investigate the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease in children with ASD, and to analyse the necessity of treatment and the prevalence of using general anaesthesia in order to perform it.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A search was performed covering the last 10 years utilising the following databases: Pubmed, Scopus, Medline, BASE, Science Citation Index, Science Direct, Web of Science. Four reviewers evaluated each study. Review findings were summarised using the PRISMA Statement for reporting. Thirteen articles were included in this systematic review.
RESULTS:
When analysing the articles selected, the evidence turned out did not show a common DFMT and dmft for the groups of children affected by Autism Spectrum Disorder considered. When compared to group of unaffected children, groups of ASD children not always showed a higher prevalence of caries but always higher Periodontal Indexes (PI and GI), resulting in higher prevalence of periodontal disease. Where the treatment was performed and taken into consideration, there was a high incidence of necessity of General Anaesthesia due to the lack of collaboration of the children.
CONCLUSION:
The high prevalence of treatment under general anaesthesia and the often-reported negative behaviour evidence how there is a lack of protocols specifically designed for these patients, in order to better improve their collaboration and subsequently their oral health and so additional strategies for a preventive care should be applied for these patients
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