1,720,994 research outputs found
The potential role of Nutlins in the treatment of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL).
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Differential effects of chemotherapeutic drugs versus the MDM-2 antagonist nutlin-3 on cell cycle progression and induction of apoptosis in SKW6.4 lymphoblastoid B-cells.
No full textWe have compared the cytotoxic/cytostatic responses of the SKW6.4 lymphoblastoid B-cells to the alkylating agent chlorambucil, the purine analog fludarabine, the non-genotoxic activator of the p53 pathway, Nutlin-3, used alone or in association with the death-inducing ligand recombinant TRAIL. Exposure to chlorambucil, fludarabine, and Nutlin-3 induced p53 accumulation and variably affected cell cycle progression in SKW6.4 lymphoblastoid cells. In particular, chlorambucil induced cell cycle accumulation at the G2/M checkpoint; Nutlin-3 induced early cell cycle arrest at the G1/S checkpoint, while fludarabine showed an intermediate behavior. On the other hand, recombinant TRAIL alone did not affect cell cycle progression but induced a rapid increase of apoptosis. Analysis of the gene expression profile of the p53-transcriptional targets showed distinct features between chlorambucil, Nutlin-3 and fludarabine, which likely account for their differential effect on cell cycle in SKW6.4 cells. In particular, chlorambucil upregulated the steady-state mRNA expression of SFN/14-3-3sigma, a gene involved in G2/M cell cycle arrest. Of note, all agonists upregulated TRAIL-R2 expression in SKW6.4 cells both at the mRNA and protein levels. Consistently, pretreatment with chlorambucil, fludarabine and Nutlin-3 enhanced SKW6.4 sensitivity to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Circulating levels of frizzled-related protein (FRZB) are increased in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis and decrease in response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs.
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Antiangiogenic activity of the MDM2 antagonist nutlin-3
No full textNutlin-3, a nongenotoxic activator of the p53 pathway, dose-dependently (range
0.1 to 10 micromol/L) inhibited the formation of capillaries in an in vivo
matrigel assay, as well as the formation of capillary-like structures in an in
vitro coculture system composed of endothelial cells surrounded by fibroblasts.
In contrast to the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin, nutlin-3 showed no
induction of apoptosis in vitro either in the cocultures or in isolated vascular
endothelial cells, even when used at the highest concentration (10 micromol/L).
However, treatment with pharmacological inhibitors of the nuclear factor kappaB
and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathways sensitized endothelial cells to
nutlin-3-induced apoptosis. Although nutlin-3 and doxorubicin induced a
comparable p53 accumulation in endothelial cells, nutlin-3 was significantly more
efficient than doxorubicin in upregulating the p53 target genes CDKN1A/p21, MDM2,
and GDF-15, as well as in inhibiting cell cycle progression. However, the
predominant in vitro effect of nutlin-3 was its strong antimigratory activity
observed at concentrations significantly lower (0.1 micromol/L) than those
required to inhibit endothelial cell cycle progression. Taken together, our data
suggest that the antiangiogenic activity of nutlin-3 observed in vivo was mainly
attributable to inhibition of endothelial cell migration, to some extent
attributable to cell cycle arrest, and to a lesser extent attributable to
induction of apoptosis
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