72 research outputs found

    High quality optical and optoelectronic materials for efficient light management and solar spectrum control and conversion

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    Optoelectronic devices that effectively manipulate and manage light are of great interest in multiple fields, particularly in photovoltaics (PV) as a way to absorb and convert light into electricity. On the other hand, display technologies exploit optical materials and optoelectronics to efficiently extract light from an emissive component. Regardless of industry, similar principles guide the research of these devices and can be utilized to improve upon existing designs or generate new, unique designs. This dissertation focuses on high performance optoelectronic devices for both PV and emissive display applications that employ similar principles to optimize optical pathways within the respective device design. We first explore ultrathin semiconductor designs that reduce costs of expensive materials and processing. Silicon solar microcells are re-designed to account for high series resistance and poor absorption. A back contact design significantly reduces the series resistance within the solar microcell and allows for an anti-reflection coating on the front surface to drastically improve the absorption of incident irradiation. Strategies for an improved concentration design are then explored that implement traditional lenses for concentration of direct light at high concentration ratios. Collection of diffuse light is then achieved through a luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) in the backplane of the lens array, contributing to additional achievable power on both clear and cloudy days. The improved solar microcells are then integrated with a low power density application, a self-powered electrochromic, or “smart” window. Here, the microcells are shown as an exemplar high performance and relatively transparent PV material to power such a window. Processes for fabrication of the self-powered electrochromic window are considered for scalability and ease of integration into industrial applications. These include sol-gel methods for preparation of active, electrochromic films and the ability to do processing on flexible substrates. The latter enables transitory capabilities as well as the possibility to include an adhesive for active retrofitting to existing windows. An electrochromic film powered by the Si microcells is demonstrated with transmission modulation on the order of 46%. Finally, we show a design for an emissive cavity to replace absorptive color filters in a liquid crystal display (LCD). Strategies from LSCs are exploited to design the emissive component, quantum dots embedded in a polymer waveguide. The quantum dots used here have high quantum yields and narrow bandwidths, which are necessary if an RGB display is to be realized. Additionally, the Stokes shift of the quantum dots is large, which reduces reabsorption events within the polymer waveguide. The waveguide is then integrated into a reflective cavity that reflects luminesced photons (especially those emitted from the edge of the waveguide) towards a small top aperture. High extraction efficiencies are achieved with this design and a micropixel array is presented as a prototype for integration into an LCD panel.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2020-12-01The student, Mikayla Yoder, accepted the attached license on 2018-11-29 at 18:15.The student, Mikayla Yoder, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2018-11-29 at 18:38.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2018-12-03 at 11:46.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13150 on 2019-02-08 at 11:40:25Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-08T18:43:45Z (GMT). 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    Where the Ground Was the Enemy: Setting as a Character in The Things They Carried

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    This article examines the role of the setting in Tim O’Brien’s classic postmodern novel The Things They Carried. Based on close reading and researched analysis of the text itself, we demonstrate that O’Brien so thoroughly personifies the landscape and terrain of Vietnam that it becomes more than just the setting--it becomes a character. Moreover, the terrain becomes the principal antagonist faced by the narrator and his comrades. Such a literary move allows the author to avoid demonizing the people, whether friend or foe, of Vietnam. After establishing our basic claim about the role of the landscape, we take our analysis further by using historical, biographical, and a bit of geographical research to demonstrate that such a reading of The Things They Carried is entirely consistent with the ideology expressed by both the invented narrator of the book (whom the author also names Tim O’Brien) as well as the author himself

    Responding to the HIV epidemic in Laos : an investigation of avenues for sharing lessons learned

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    This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author. Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field

    Tribal Communities and State and Local Governments: Existing Relationships

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    Tribal and state/local governments have maintained a unique and crucial relationship throughout the United States’ history. Today, state and federally recognized Tribes sometimes face obstacles when attempting to implement projects due to state or local government opposition and vice versa. Federally recognized Tribes are sovereign, self-governing entities on equal footing with state governments. State recognized tribes, on the other hand, may not be equal to state governments, depending on the state laws regarding tribal state recognition. State recognized tribes do not have the same benefits as federally recognized tribes in that the tribe’s status is recognized by the state but the tribe is not guaranteed funding from the state or federal government. Due to this unique relationship, it is essential that productive cooperation and understanding exists between the Tribal and state/local governments. This memorandum describes the relationship between tribal, state, and local governments. The summary is broken down into two sections: state and tribal government relationships and local and tribal government relationships. Case studies showcase the relationships between particular Tribes and local or state governments. These case studies demonstrate how certain Tribes and local or state governments are working together and how their collaboration affects Tribal and non-Tribal communities. This abstract has been taken from the author\u27s introduction

    Tribal Communities and State and Local Governments: Existing Relationships

    No full text
    Tribal and state/local governments have maintained a unique and crucial relationship throughout the United States’ history. Today, state and federally recognized Tribes sometimes face obstacles when attempting to implement projects due to state or local government opposition and vice versa. Federally recognized Tribes are sovereign, self-governing entities on equal footing with state governments. State recognized tribes, on the other hand, may not be equal to state governments, depending on the state laws regarding tribal state recognition. State recognized tribes do not have the same benefits as federally recognized tribes in that the tribe’s status is recognized by the state but the tribe is not guaranteed funding from the state or federal government. Due to this unique relationship, it is essential that productive cooperation and understanding exists between the Tribal and state/local governments. This memorandum describes the relationship between tribal, state, and local governments. The summary is broken down into two sections: state and tribal government relationships and local and tribal government relationships. Case studies showcase the relationships between particular Tribes and local or state governments. These case studies demonstrate how certain Tribes and local or state governments are working together and how their collaboration affects Tribal and non-Tribal communities. This abstract has been taken from the author\u27s introduction
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