1,720,959 research outputs found
The Model Law Enforcement Officer and Other First Responder\u27s Deflection Act: A National Blueprint for Creating Successful Deflection Programs Across the Country
No full textThe idea of finding alternatives to the traditional approach of arresting, prosecuting, and punishing an individual for criminal behavior in the hopes it will deter future illegal conduct is not new. In 1947, the Judicial Conference of the United States met to make recommendations for the first diversion programs focusing on youthful offenders. Approximately fifteen years later, states began to explore diversion as an option for some adult lawbreakers.
The birth of diversion generated a novel approach to addressing criminal activity. However, before any individual could participate in a diversion program, law enforcement arrested the person which imposed a host of struggles upon him or her. From this unavoidable repercussion, the concept of deflection emerged. Unlike diversion, deflection intervenes at the moment of initial police contact or prior to law enforcement involvement.
Since deflection as a concept is rather new throughout the United States, locales wishing to implement programs have few guiding principles in creating their own processes. The Federal Government had largely remained silent on the concept of deflection until 2022 when the White House Office of National Drug Policy announced The Model Law Enforcement Officer and Other First Responder\u27s Deflection Act.
This Article will provide a thorough analysis of the Act, review the history behind deflection programs, and then review specific key sections of the act while comparing them to other programs currently in existence. Finally, the author will offer specific ideas for those places wishing to implement deflection to improve their criminal justice systems
Guarding against informants in wrongful conviction cases. “The trust of the innocent is the liar’s most useful tool.”
Full text linkBy some estimates, tens of thousands of individuals are currently wrongfully convicted and serving time in the United States’ prison system for crimes they did not commit. Further concerning is that one of the most common reasons for these unjust outcomes rests with the use of jailhouse informants who often lie in exchange for time off their own sentences. While many other reasons exist for this epidemic, curtailing corrupt jailhouse snitches in order to reduce the harm they commit against innocent citizens is within our grasp. This Article purports to offer several solutions to reduce and in some cases eliminate the danger posed by these liars. It begins with the history of jailhouse informants and their role in the American Justice System. In then explains the devastating repercussions of wrongful convictions on the individual, their families, and society as a whole. Next the author lays out the current legal landscape at both the federal and state level as it pertains to the use of these informants by prosecutors as well as proposed solutions for reducing the possibility of wrongful convictions from occurring. Finally, the Article sets out its own proposals for ways jurisdictions can protect the integrity of our justice system through ensuring the accuracy of the testimony jailhouse witnesses provide. “Ultimately, from both an emotional and financial viewpoint, limiting snitches’ testimony from the onset addresses the harm they cause more effectively than forcing the wrongfully convicted to prove their innocence
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
COIL Classes - Virtual Study Abroad Programs
No full textThis session will focus on successes and failures that have arisen in the creation of a COIL class that will occur between NSU’s ULaw Program and Coventry University in the United Kingdom during Winter 2024. Together the two schools will simultaneously teach students a course on comparative legal systems (Britain’s and the United States’). The objective of the session is to provide a blueprint for other faculty who wish to implement COIL type classes and assessments into their programs. The intended audience would be faculty members throughout the university who have a desire to implement technology in their classes in order to create experiential learning opportunities for their students.
Learning Outcomes:
Participants will be able to: Define the concept of a COIL Class. Create multicultural assessments for a diverse student body. Navigate the logistics of creating assignments that faculty from different universities can each simultaneously. Utilize technology to provide students seamless interactivity with students from other countries
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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The Use of Cause Challenges in the Age of Pandemic Viruses: Is a Concern of Getting Sick While Serving as a Juror Enough Reason for a Juror to be Struck for Cause
No full textExonerations for Wrongfully Convicted Disabled Inmates: The Path to Salvation Is Paved with Bad Intentions
Full text linkDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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