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Effects of stunning/slaughtering methods in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from death until rigor mortis resolution
No full textEffects of three different stunning/slaughtering methods on physical, chemical, and sensory changes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farmed at two different temperatures: Post rigor mortis changes in function of the stunning method
Get PDFPost rigor mortis changes of texture, chemical and sensory properties in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) reared at two different temperature conditions (8 and 12 °C) were examined to better understand how different stunning methods, i.e. electroshock (E) and asphyxia with carbon monoxide (CO), can influence their evolution during refrigerated storage. Seven days after rigor resolution (TRR7), considering ATP catabolites (K- and K1-values), the freshness remained well preserved regardless of the stunning method applied and water temperature. During refrigerated storage fillets from fish reared at 8 °C maintained significantly higher (P < 0.001) pH at the day of rigor resolution (TRR0), whereas at the end of the storage time (TRR7), 8 °C-reared fish showed a significantly lower pH value (P < 0.05). CO treatment was effective in ensuring a more intense red colour of the fillet and high chroma, whereas E treatment exhibited the lowest a*, b* and chroma values. The texture profile analysis showed a significant effect of the stunning method (S), water temperature (T) and S × T interaction on fillet cohesiveness. TBARS values were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in fish stunned by CO when compared to E group in the first 76 h post mortem (TRR0). At the end of the storage period (TRR7), no TBARS value difference was detected between treatments. The stunning method had a relevant impact on fillet sensory traits, revealing that CO fillets were the juiciest (P < 0.05) and presented the lowest saltiness (P < 0.05), aroma (P < 0.05) and odour (P < 0.01) intensity. Rearing temperature, instead, had a moderate effect on fillet sensory traits and indicated that the water temperature of 12 °C enhanced juiciness (P < 0.05) and tenderness (P < 0.05) attributes. Overall results suggested that CO is a suitable stunning method for trout that, coupled with 12 °C water temperature, are able to preserve fillet freshness, enhance colorimetric characteristics which are maintained during refrigerated storage, and provide desirable sensory traits
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
USO DELLA TERMOGRAFIA AD INFRAROSSI PER L’ANALISI DELLA TEMPERATURA SUPERFICIALE DEL CAPEZZOLO DI BUFALE SOTTOPOSTE A DIVERSE MODALITA’ DI MUNGITURA
Get PDFThe milking machine may affect blood and lymphatic circulation in teat walls,
because the radial and longitudinal stretching action exerted by the milking
vacuum, inducing teat congestion and oedema, altering the defence
mechanisms against bacterial penetration of teat duct. Milking duration,
pulsation parameters and vacuum levels have been recognized as factors
influencing the integrity of teat tissues. Thermography is a non-contact, noninvasive
technique that detects surface heat emitted as infrared radiation.
Because skin temperature reflects the status of underlying tissue metabolism
and blood circulation, abnormal thermal patterns can signify areas of
superficial inflammation or circulatory impairments. The effect of milking
procedures and liners on udder and teat skin temperature was investigated in
buffaloes, showing short and longer-term tissue reactions to machine milking.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the vacuum levels
on udder and teat temperature changes during milking procedure via infrared
thermography. Two groups of 14 buffaloes were milked at 42 kPa, high
vacuum (HV) and, after 3 weeks of adaptation to progressively lower vacuum
levels, at 36 kPa (LV), using the same pulsation parameters (60 cycles/min
and 65:35 ratio). Milking was carried-out at intervals of 9 hours (daytime) and
15 hours (over-night). Tests were performed in a 28+28 units parallel parlour
with low line milking system equipped with light weight clusters (1.78 kg),
automatic cluster removers and electronic herd management system.
Thermographic images (Flir System, ThermaCam P25) of teats (base-teat â
BT; middle-teat â MT and tip-teat â TT) were taken pre-milking (PM),
immediately after milking (IAM) and up to 5 minutes after milking (M+).
Temperatures were recovered by processing the thermoimages in ThermaCam
Researcher Basic 2.8 Software. The results of vacuum level effects on teat
tissue temperature show evident differences among BT and TT, and among
MT and TT in all stages.openSCA-157Presente anche copia cartacea
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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