1,721,006 research outputs found
Targetting CCL25/CCR9: A succesful therapeutic strategy during early chronic murine ileitis
No full textTargetting CCL25/CCR9: A succesful therapeutic strategy during early chronic murine ileitis
No full textStereomicroscopy in Pre-Clinical and Immunological Studies of Acute and Chronic Intestinal Inflammation
No full textConsiderazioni conclusive
No full textIn queste considerazioni conclusive sul volume che raccoglie lo studio di fattibilità per la creazione di un Parco Archeominerario della Valle del Torrente Trobiolo e della Val Palot in Comune di Pisogne, si riflette su alcuni dei temi trattati e su alcuni problemi della contemporaneita riguardo ai temi del paesaggio e del contributo dell'Archeologia, dell'abitare, del recupero e della cura dei luoghi, della memori
A High Fat Diet Containing Coconut Oil Prevents the Onset of Chronic Intestinal Inflammation in Experimental Crohn's Disease
No full textAssociation between inflammatory bowel disease and Vitamin D deficiency: A systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textBackground: Vitamin D plays a role in several immune-mediated diseases, but its association with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association between IBD and Vitamin D deficiency. Methods: We searched electronic databases from inception to December 2014 for observational studies reporting the presence of Vitamin D deficiency (defined as serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25(OH)D] level of ≤20 ng/mL) in IBD patients and having a control group without IBD. Odds ratios (ORs) were combined using a random-effects model. Meta-regression was performed using latitude as a moderator. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results: Out of 816 citations, 14 eligible studies were identified, comprising 1891 participants (938 IBD cases and 953 controls). Meta-analysis showed that patients with IBD had 64% higher odds of Vitamin D deficiency when compared with controls (OR 1.64; 95% confidence interval, 1.30-2.08; I 2 7%; P < 0.0001). Patients with ulcerative colitis had more than double the odds of Vitamin D deficiency when compared with normal controls (OR 2.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-4.41; I 2 41%; P 0.01). Latitude did not influence the association between IBD and Vitamin D deficiency (P 0.34). Generalizability of our results might be limited as we summarized unadjusted ORs, because of nonavailability of adjusted ORs in individual studies. Conclusions: IBD is significantly associated with having higher odds of Vitamin D deficiency. Well-designed randomized controlled trials and longitudinal studies are needed to further explain the role of Vitamin D in IBD pathogenesis and its therapy
Interleukin 1β Blockade Reduces Intestinal Inflammation in a Murine Model of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Independent Ulcerative Colitis
No full textBACKGROUND & AIMS: Inflammatory bowel diseases are multifactorial diseases commonly treated with either immunomodulatory drugs or anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Currently, failure to respond to anti-TNF therapy (assessed no earlier than 8-12 weeks after starting treatment) occurs in 20%-40% of patients enrolled in clinical trials and in 10%-20% in clinical practice. Murine models of inflammatory bowel disease provide important tools to better understand disease mechanism(s). In this context and among the numerous models available, Winnie-TNF-knockout (KO) mice recently were reported to show characteristics of ulcerative colitis (UC) that are independent of TNF, and with increased interleukin (IL)1 beta production.METHODS: Herein, the efficacy of recombinant IL1-receptor antagonist (anakinra) administration was evaluated in Winnie-TNF-KO mice, used as a UC model of primary anti-TNF nonresponders.RESULTS: We analyzed gut mucosal biopsy specimens and circulating cytokine profiles of a cohort of 30 UC patients; approximately 75% of primary nonresponders were characterized by abundant IL1 beta in both the serum and local intestinal tissues. In Winnie-TNF-KO mice, administration of anakinra efficiently reduced the histologic score of the distal colon, which represents the most common site of inflammation in Winnie mice. Furthermore, among lamina propria and mesenteric lymph node-derived T cells, interferon gamma-expressing CD8(+) T cells were reduced significantly after anakinra administration.CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides new insight and alternative approaches to treat UC patients, and points to anti-IL1 strategies (ie, anakinra) that may be a more effective therapeutic option for primary nonresponders to anti-TNF therapy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
- …
