1,721,296 research outputs found
Tool-support of socio-technical coordination in the context of heterogeneous modeling
Full text linkThe growing complexity of everyday life systems (and devices) over the last decades has forced the industry to use and investigate different development techniques to manage the many different aspects of the systems. In this context, the use of model driven engineering (MDE) has emerged and is now common practice for many engineering disciplines. However, this comes with important challenges. As set of main challenges relates to the fact that different modeling techniques, languages, and tools are required to deal with the different system aspects, and that support is required to ensure consistence and coherence between the different models. This paper identifies a number of the challenges and paints a roadmap on how tooling can support a multi-model integrated way of working
From Pen-and-Paper Sketches to Prototypes: The Advanced Interaction Design Environment
Full text linkPen and paper is still the best tool for sketching GUIs. How-ever, sketches cannot be executed, at best we have facilitated or animated scenarios. The Advanced User Interaction Environment facilitates turn-ing hand-drawn sketches into executable prototypes
Towards the Characterization of Realistic Models: Evaluation of Multidisciplinary Graph Metrics
No full textTowards Runtime Monitoring for Responsible Machine Learning using Model-driven Engineering
Full text linkMachine learning (ML) components are used heavily in many current software systems, but developing them responsibly in practice remains challenging. ‘Responsible ML’ refers to developing, deploying and maintaining ML-based systems that adhere to human-centric requirements, such as fairness, privacy, transparency, safety, accessibility, and human values. Meeting these requirements is essential for maintaining public trust and ensuring the success of ML-based systems. However, as changes are likely in production environments and requirements often evolve, design-time quality assurance practices are insufficient to ensure such systems’ responsible behavior. Runtime monitoring approaches for ML-based systems can potentially offer valuable solutions to address this problem. Many currently available ML monitoring solutions overlook human-centric requirements due to a lack of awareness and tool support, the complexity of monitoring human-centric requirements, and the effort required to develop and manage monitors for changing requirements. We believe that many of these challenges can be addressed by model-driven engineering. In this new ideas paper, we present an initial meta-model, model-driven approach, and proof of concept prototype for runtime monitoring of human-centric requirements violations, thereby ensuring responsible ML behavior. We discuss our prototype, current limitations and propose some directions for future work.</p
An extensible component & connector architecture description infrastructure for multi-platform modeling
No full textEfficient software engineering for complex systems requires abstraction, expertise from multiple domains, separation of concerns, and reuse. Domain experts are rarely software engineers and should be enabled to formulate solutions using their domain’s vocabulary instead of general-purpose programming languages (GPLs). The successful integration of domain-specific languages (DSLs) into a software system requires a separation of concerns between domain issues and integration issues while retaining a loose enough coupling to support reusing a DSL in different contexts. Component-based software engineering (CBSE) aims to increase software reuse and separation of concerns by encapsulating functionalities in components. This enables domain experts to develop solutions separated from integration concerns. Usually components are artifacts of GPLs, which gives rise to accidental complexities [FR07] and ties these to specific target platforms. Model-driven engineering (MDE) abstracts from programming by lifting models to primary development artifacts. Models can be more abstract and better comprehensible by using domain vocabulary instead of a GPL. Furthermore, they can be platform-independent and translated into GPLs for different target platforms. Component & connector (C&C) architecture description languages (ADLs) combine CBSE and MDE to enable composition of software architectures from component models. Such models define stable interfaces required to separate domain concerns from integration concerns. They can also employ the most appropriate DSLs to describe component behavior and support translation into GPL artifacts specific to different target platforms. Current research in MDE with ADLs focuses on structural modeling and requires component behavior either in terms of GPL artifacts or fixed component behavior languages. The former gives rise to accidental complexities, the latter demands that domain experts learn modeling languages foreign to their domain.This thesis presents concepts for engineering complex software systems with exchangeable component behavior languages that enable contribution of domains experts using the most appropriate DSLs. The concepts are realized in a software architecture modeling infrastructure that comprises multiple modeling languages to develop applications based on C&C software architectures with exchangeable component behavior languages. It supports model-to-model transformations from platform-independent to platform-specific software architectures and compositional code generation. With this, it enables domain experts to (re-)use the most appropriate component behavior languages and facilitates composition of domain solutions through encapsulation in components. It also enables reusing a single platform-independent software architecture with multiple platforms. To this effect, it combines results from software language engineering, model transformations, and code generator development to C&C ADLs. The main contributions of this thesis are: - Concepts to integrate domain-specific languages into component & connector software architectures to reduce accidental complexities, separate concerns, and facilitate their reuse. - Methodical guidance to transform platform-independent into platform-specific architectures minor effort to increase reuse of components and architectures. - Concepts of reusable compositional code generators for specific system aspects. - A family of modeling languages to support architecture development with exchangeable behavior DSLs. - A model-driven infrastructure, based on an extensible component & connector architecture description language that realizes these concepts. - An evaluation of presented concepts in multiple contexts. Employing these methodologies facilitates engineering of complex software systems by abstracting from programming issues, separating concerns, and reusing components, domain-specific languages, as well as code generators
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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