1,720,955 research outputs found
Indicatori di desertificazione: approccio integrato e supporto alle decisioni
No full textIl presente lavoro si inserisce nel quadro delle attività di ricerca del progetto RIADE e più
precisamente costituisce un prodotto del pacchetto di lavoro 3. 1, interamente dedicato agli indicatori di desertificazione. Il progetto RIADE, finanziato dal Ministero della Ricerca e
realizzato da ACS, ENEA e NRD-UNISS, costituisce il contributo di maggior rilievo della ricerca italiana nell’ambito delle problematiche della desertificazione. Il progetto è in gran parte dedicato allo sviluppo di metodologie avanzate per il monitoraggio e la modellizzazione
dei fenomeni di desertificazione e comprende sia attività di sviluppo concettuale metodologico e modellistico che attività di sperimentazione in aree pilota.
Lo studio qui presentato costituisce il completamento di una delle fasi più importanti di approfondimento concettuale, iniziato ad opera di NRD-UNISS con uno studio tipologico delle problematiche di desertificazione che interessano il territorio italiano insulare e
peninsulare, il quale rappresenta il primo lavoro di sistematizzazione realizzato in tale senso
nel nostro paese. Il presente contributo affronta invece il problema della definizione di
indicatori atti a descrivere e a rappresentare le problematiche individuate. A tale scopo, seppure senza pretesa di esaustività, si è fatto un tentativo di riordinamento delle conoscenze
fin qui disponibili, proponendo: i) una sistematizzazione delle problematiche stesse e dei
processi biofisici di degradazione; ii) una analisi critica dei sistemi di riferimento concettuali
più utilizzati per classificare gli indicatori e del modo in cui vengono applicati; iii) una analisi
di alcuni tra i principali sistemi di indicatori in uso o in fase di sviluppo. Infine viene formulata una proposta metodologica originale a supporto delle esigenze di organizzazione efficiente e razionale dei sistemi di indicatori
Desertification monitoring as a tool to improve environmental security
No full textThe concretisation of sustainable development and the improvement in living conditions of populations affected by desertification require adequate tools to assess and monitor land degradation. According to UNCCD, countries involved in the fight against desertification have to establish specific information systems (Desertification Monitoring System, Early Warning System) based on a quantitative approach. The UNCCD states that there is a need for elaborating indicators to help the setting up of such systems. The development of desertification benchmarks and indicators poses relevant challenges, both at institutional and technical level. Some main projects carried out at the European and international level are described as contribution in solving challenges linked to desertification monitoring and thus in improving environmental security linked to desertificatio
Traditional approach and remote sensing techniques in the development and implementation of desertification indicators
No full textThe monitoring of desertification in the affected areas requires adequate tools able to
provide reliability, objectivity and replicability in processes assessment. Desertification
indicators explains how processes evolve over time and vary in space and they can
synthetically explain the state and trend of desertification. The development of projects
focused on the application of indicators is an important step to design reliable and improved
desertification monitoring systems.
In this context, the present work illustrates some results achieved in the framework of
European consolidated initiatives focused on development and implementation of
desertification indicators based on both traditional approaches (DESERTLINKS) and
remote sensing techniques (DESERTWATCH). The DESERTWATCH project created a
user-tailored operational system to assess and monitor desertification and its trend over
time on the base of Earth Observation technology. The project integrated consolidated
procedures and algorithms into an operational automatized system, based on the integration
of different environmental indicators and remote sensing data. The aim of DESERTLINKS
project was to develop a desertification indicator system for Mediterranean Europe. All the
indicators are now published in a specific web-based database
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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